Implementation of the Modified Dionne’s Egress Test on an inpatient medical and geriatric hospital unit and impact on fall rates.

https://scholarlycommons.libraryinfo.bhs.org/nurs_presentations2023/1017/thumbnail.jp

Salutogenesis: Implications for Maintaining a Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy Practice

Pathogenesis, the study of disease origins and causes, looks retrospectively at how to eliminate illnesses once they occur and has been the prevalent approach in Western medicine. Salutogenesis, by comparison, is the study of health origins and causes and looks prospectively at how to create health. There are many psychosocial instruments used to measure the personal factors that influence salutogenesis. However, the salutogenic model has rarely been studied in physical therapy settings, even though physical therapy educators and researchers are currently describing the importance of a psychologically informed practice. Twenty-five psychological constructs within the salutogenic model were evaluated for this review. The evaluative process examined the constructs based on: 1) Measurability, determined by the reliability and validity of the outcome measures; 2) Relevance to physical therapy, determined by the construct’s ability to address learnable skills that can be influenced by physical therapists; and 3) Practicality, determined by the ability to measure the construct in a clinical setting using common practice patterns. Of the twenty-five constructs evaluated for this review, three met the above criteria and were chosen for further examination: self-efficacy, resilience, and sense of coherence. The results suggest that these three constructs have potential use in physical therapy. Using one or more of these constructs to attain relevant psychosocial information about patients may assist physical therapists in determining appropriate interventions. Therefore, although this literature review proposes the clinical use of self-efficacy, resilience, and sense of coherence in physical therapy, further research is recommended to develop their optimal use

Two-dimensional nanosecond electric field mapping based on cell electropermeabilization

Nanosecond, megavolt-per-meter electric pulses cause permeabilization of cells to small molecules, programmed cell death (apoptosis) in tumor cells, and are under evaluation as a treatment for skin cancer. We use nanoelectroporation and fluorescence imaging to construct two-dimensional maps of the electric field associated with delivery of 15 ns, 10 kV pulses to monolayers of the human prostate cancer cell line PC3 from three different electrode configurations: single-needle, five-needle, and flat-cut coaxial cable. Influx of the normally impermeant fluorescent dye YO-PRO-1 serves as a sensitive indicator of membrane permeabilization. The level of fluorescence emission after pulse exposure is proportional to the applied electric field strength. Spatial electric field distributions were compared in a plane normal to the center axis and 15-20 μm from the tip of the center electrode. Measurement results agree well with models for the three electrode arrangements evaluated in this study. This live-cell method for measuring a nanosecond pulsed electric field distribution provides an operationally meaningful calibration of electrode designs for biological applications and permits visualization of the relative sensitivities of different cell types to nanoelectropulse stimulation. PACS Codes: 87.85.M

Data extraction methods for systematic review (semi)automation: Update of a living systematic review [version 2; peer review: 3 approved]

Background: The reliable and usable (semi)automation of data extraction can support the field of systematic review by reducing the workload required to gather information about the conduct and results of the included studies. This living systematic review examines published approaches for data extraction from reports of clinical studies. Methods: We systematically and continually search PubMed, ACL Anthology, arXiv, OpenAlex via EPPI-Reviewer, and the dblp computer science bibliography. Full text screening and data extraction are conducted within an open-source living systematic review application created for the purpose of this review. This living review update includes publications up to December 2022 and OpenAlex content up to March 2023. Results: 76 publications are included in this review. Of these, 64 (84%) of the publications addressed extraction of data from abstracts, while 19 (25%) used full texts. A total of 71 (93%) publications developed classifiers for randomised controlled trials. Over 30 entities were extracted, with PICOs (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) being the most frequently extracted. Data are available from 25 (33%), and code from 30 (39%) publications. Six (8%) implemented publicly available tools Conclusions: This living systematic review presents an overview of (semi)automated data-extraction literature of interest to different types of literature review. We identified a broad evidence base of publications describing data extraction for interventional reviews and a small number of publications extracting epidemiological or diagnostic accuracy data. Between review updates, trends for sharing data and code increased strongly: in the base-review, data and code were available for 13 and 19% respectively, these numbers increased to 78 and 87% within the 23 new publications. Compared with the base-review, we observed another research trend, away from straightforward data extraction and towards additionally extracting relations between entities or automatic text summarisation. With this living review we aim to review the literature continually

Self-selected Foot Strike Patterns in Runners when Transitioning from the Shod to Barefoot Condition: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Purpose and Background: Recent research has begun to focus on foot strike patterns as they relate to injuries in runners. Runners who employ a rear-foot strike (RFS) pattern (in which the heel lands before the ball of the foot) are more likely to experience repetitive stress injuries such as tibial stress fractures, patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), and plantar fasciitis. Conversely, runners demonstrating a forefoot strike (FFS) pattern (defined as the ball of the foot-usually the 4th and 5th metatarsal heads-landing before the heel) are more susceptible to Achilles tendon, plantarflexor, and metatarsal injuries. Several systematic studies have concluded that barefoot runners employed a FFS pattern while shod runners used a RFS pattern. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effects of transitioning from traditionally shod running to barefoot running on self-selected initial contact patterns in long distance runners.https://jdc.jefferson.edu/dptcapstones/1010/thumbnail.jp

Building Bridges to Enhance Degree and Career Opportunities

External pressures on higher education are challenging universities to focus on preparing graduates with more broadly designed curricula that contain translatable skills and include interdisciplinary knowledge. In this presentation, the process of identifying and creating new academic programs based on unique student goals and contemporary employment needs will be discussed

The effect of night splints in the treatment of plantar fasciitis: a systematic literature review

Objective: To investigate the use of night splints for the treatment of plantar fasciitis and the current evidence regarding their ability to affect symptoms associated with plantar fasciitis.https://jdc.jefferson.edu/dptcapstones/1009/thumbnail.jp

DNA Electrophoretic Migration Patterns Change after Exposure of Jurkat Cells to a Single Intense Nanosecond Electric Pulse

Intense nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) interact with cellular membranes and intracellular structures. Investigating how cells respond to nanosecond pulses is essential for a) development of biomedical applications of nsPEFs, including cancer therapy, and b) better understanding of the mechanisms underlying such bioelectrical effects. In this work, we explored relatively mild exposure conditions to provide insight into weak, reversible effects, laying a foundation for a better understanding of the interaction mechanisms and kinetics underlying nsPEF bio-effects. In particular, we report changes in the nucleus of Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) exposed to single pulses of 60 ns duration and 1.0, 1.5 and 2.5 MV/m amplitudes, which do not affect cell growth and viability. A dose-dependent reduction in alkaline comet-assayed DNA migration is observed immediately after nsPEF exposure, accompanied by permeabilization of the plasma membrane (YO-PRO-1 uptake). Comet assay profiles return to normal within 60 minutes after pulse delivery at the highest pulse amplitude tested, indicating that our exposure protocol affects the nucleus, modifying DNA electrophoretic migration patterns

Puberty Suppression in a Gender-Dysphoric Adolescent: A 22-Year Follow-Up

Puberty suppression by means of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs is considered a diagnostic aid in gender dysphoric adolescents. However, there are also concerns about potential risks, such as poor outcome or post-surgical regret, adverse effects on metabolic and endocrine status, impaired increment of bone mass, and interference with brain development. This case report is on a 22-year follow-up of a female-to-male transsexual, treated with GnRH analogs at 13 years of age and considered eligible for androgen treatment at age 17, and who had gender reassignment surgery at 20 and 22 years of age. At follow-up, he indicated no regrets about his treatment. He was functioning well psychologically, intellectually, and socially; however, he experienced some feelings of sadness about choices he had made in a long-lasting intimate relationship. There were no clinical signs of a negative impact on brain development. He was physically in good health, and metabolic and endocrine parameters were within reference ranges. Bone mineral density was within the normal range for both sexes. His final height was short as compared to Dutch males; however, his body proportions were within normal range. This first report on long-term effects of puberty suppression suggests that negative side effects are limited and that it can be a useful additional tool in the diagnosis and treatment of gender dysphoric adolescents