11,243 research outputs found
'It's a Form of Freedom': The experiences of people with disabilities within equestrian sport
This paper explores the embodied, gendered experiences of disabled horseâriders. Drawing on data from five inâdepth interviews with paradressage riders, the ways in which their involvement in elite disability sport impacts upon their sense of identity and confidence are explored, as well as the considerable health and social benefits that this involvement brings. Social models of disability are employed and the shortcomings of such models, when applied to disability sport, are highlighted. The data presented here demonstrates the necessity of seeing disability sport as an embodied experience and acknowledging the importance of impairment to the experiences of disabled athletes. Living within an impaired body is also a gendered experience and the implications of this when applied to elite disability sport are considered
Galaxy formation in the Planck cosmology - II. Star-formation histories and post-processing magnitude reconstruction
We adapt the L-Galaxies semi-analytic model to follow the star-formation
histories (SFH) of galaxies -- by which we mean a record of the formation time
and metallicities of the stars that are present in each galaxy at a given time.
We use these to construct stellar spectra in post-processing, which offers
large efficiency savings and allows user-defined spectral bands and dust models
to be applied to data stored in the Millennium data repository.
We contrast model SFHs from the Millennium Simulation with observed ones from
the VESPA algorithm as applied to the SDSS-7 catalogue. The overall agreement
is good, with both simulated and SDSS galaxies showing a steeper SFH with
increased stellar mass. The SFHs of blue and red galaxies, however, show poor
agreement between data and simulations, which may indicate that the termination
of star formation is too abrupt in the models.
The mean star-formation rate (SFR) of model galaxies is well-defined and is
accurately modelled by a double power law at all redshifts: SFR proportional to
, where Gyr, is the age of the
stars and is the loopback time to the onset of galaxy formation; above a
redshift of unity, this is well approximated by a gamma function: SFR
proportional to , where Gyr. Individual
galaxies, however, show a wide dispersion about this mean. When split by mass,
the SFR peaks earlier for high-mass galaxies than for lower-mass ones, and we
interpret this downsizing as a mass-dependence in the evolution of the quenched
fraction: the SFHs of star-forming galaxies show only a weak mass dependence.Comment: Accepted version of the paper, to appear in MNRAS. Compared to the
original version, contains more detail on the post-processing of magnitudes,
including a table of rms magnitude errors. SFHs available on Millennium
database http://gavo.mpa-garching.mpg.de/MyMillennium
American Pygmy Shrew, Sorex hoyi, Consumed by an Arctic Grayling, Thymallus arcticus
Arctic Grayling, Thymallus arcticus, are rarely reported to consume small mammals. We report an American Pygmy Shrew, Sorex hoyi, consumed by an Arctic Grayling caught in southern Yukon, Canada. This is the first record of an American Pygmy Shrew being consumed by an Arctic Grayling, and it confirms that Arctic Grayling will consume shrews (Sorex spp.) when they are available. We suspect that the body size of prey is a limiting factor in Arctic Grayling consuming small mammals, with some species of shrews being small enough for Arctic Grayling to consume
Tuning magnetocrystalline anisotropy of FeSn by alloying
The electronic structure, magnetic properties and phase formation of
hexagonal ferromagnetic FeSn-based alloys have been studied from first
principles and by experiment. The pristine FeSn compound is known to
fulfill all the requirements for a good permanent magnet, except for the
magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE). The latter is large, but planar,
i.e. the easy magnetization axis is not along the hexagonal c direction,
whereas a good permanent magnet requires the MAE to be uniaxial. Here we
consider FeSnM, where M= Si, P, Ga, Ge, As, Se, In, Sb,
Te and Bi, and show how different dopants on the Sn sublattice affect the MAE
and can alter it from planar to uniaxial. The stability of the doped FeSn
phases is elucidated theoretically via the calculations of their formation
enthalpies. A micromagnetic model is developed in order to estimate the energy
density product (BH)max and coercive field H of a potential
magnet made of FeSnSb, the most promising candidate
from theoretical studies. The phase stability and magnetic properties of the
FeSn compound doped with Sb and Mn has been checked experimentally on the
samples synthesised using the reactive crucible melting technique as well as by
solid state reaction. The FeSn-Sb compound is found to be stable when
alloyed with Mn. It is shown that even small structural changes, such as a
change of the c/a ratio or volume, that can be induced by, e.g., alloying with
Mn, can influence anisotropy and reverse it from planar to uniaxial and back
Safety and efficacy of an adaptive bolus calculator for Type 1 diabetes: a randomised control cross over study
Background The Advanced Bolus Calculator for Type 1 Diabetes (ABC4D) is a decision support system employing the artificial intelligence technique of case-based reasoning to adapt and personalise insulin bolus doses. The integrated system comprises a smartphone application and clinical web portal. We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of the ABC4D (intervention) compared to a non-adaptive bolus calculator (control). Methods This was a prospective randomised controlled crossover study. Following a 2-week run-in period, participants were randomised to ABC4D or control for 12 weeks. After a 6-week washout period, participants crossed over for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was difference in percentage (%) time in range (TIR) (3.9-10.0 mmol/L (70-180mg/dL)) change during the daytime (07:00-22:00) between groups. Results 37 adults with type 1 diabetes on multiple daily injections of insulin were randomised, median (IQR) age 44.7 (28.2-55.2) years, diabetes duration 15.0 (9.5-29.0) years, HbA1C 61.0 (58.0-67.0) mmol/mol (7.7 (7.5-8.3)%). Data from 33 participants were analysed. There was no significant difference in daytime %TIR change with ABC4D compared to control (median (IQR) +0.1 (-2.6 to + 4.0)% versus +1.9 (-3.8 to + 10.1)%; p = 0.53). Participants accepted fewer meal dose recommendations in the intervention compared to control (78.7 (55.8-97.6)% versus 93.5 (73.8-100)%; p = 0.009) with a greater reduction in insulin dosage from that recommended. Conclusion The ABC4D is safe for adapting insulin bolus doses and provided the same level of glycaemic control as the non-adaptive bolus calculator. Results suggest that participants did not follow ABC4D recommendations as frequently as control, impacting its effectiveness
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