Transverse Emittance Reduction in Muon Beams by Ionization Cooling

Accelerated muon beams have been considered for next-generation studies of high-energy lepton-antilepton collisions and neutrino oscillations. However, high-brightness muon beams have not yet been produced. The main challenge for muon acceleration and storage stems from the large phase-space volume occupied by the beam, derived from the muon production mechanism through the decay of pions from proton collisions. Ionization cooling is the technique proposed to decrease the muon beam phase-space volume. Here we demonstrate a clear signal of ionization cooling through the observation of transverse emittance reduction in beams that traverse lithium hydride or liquid hydrogen absorbers in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). The measurement is well reproduced by the simulation of the experiment and the theoretical model. The results shown here represent a substantial advance towards the realization of muon-based facilities that could operate at the energy and intensity frontiers.Comment: 23 pages and 5 figure

Performance of the MICE diagnostic system

Muon beams of low emittance provide the basis for the intense, well-characterised neutrino beams of a neutrino factory and for multi-TeV lepton-antilepton collisions at a muon collider. The international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has demonstrated the principle of ionization cooling, the technique by which it is proposed to reduce the phase-space volume occupied by the muon beam at such facilities. This paper documents the performance of the detectors used in MICE to measure the muon-beam parameters, and the physical properties of the liquid hydrogen energy absorber during running

Performance of the MICE diagnostic system

Muon beams of low emittance provide the basis for the intense, well-characterised neutrino beams of a neutrino factory and for multi-TeV lepton-antilepton collisions at a muon collider. The international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has demonstrated the principle of ionization cooling, the technique by which it is proposed to reduce the phase-space volume occupied by the muon beam at such facilities. This paper documents the performance of the detectors used in MICE to measure the muon-beam parameters, and the physical properties of the liquid hydrogen energy absorber during running

MICE Miscellaneous Data

<p><a href="http://mice.iit.edu/">MICE</a>, the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment, is a project to design, construct, operate and test a cell of a muon ionisation cooling channel that may be used for a future Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory.<br></p><p>The object of the MICE experiment is to take a beam of muons created from protons from the ISIS accelerator hitting a titanium target and to show that it is possible to create a narrow intense beam, using detector techniques from particle physics.</p><p>There are three primary classes of data produced by MICE: RAW data from the primary DAQ; RECO (reconstructed) data representing the particle tracks through the apparatus; and the outputs from numerical Simulation. </p><p>The Miscellaneous Data is the additional data produced by the Collaboration, including:</p><p><em>Calibration</em> data needed for analysis</p><p><em>Construction</em> data from the building and operation of the experiment components</p><p><em>Test Beam</em> and cosmic-ray data from testing sub-detectors </p><p><b>Tarballs of the Miscellaneous data from MICE are available from</b>:</p><p><a href="http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/">http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/</a></p><p>The layout of the MICE data hierarchy is described in MICE Note 255 and the data and re-use policy is described in MICE Note 396:</p><p><a href="http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint">http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint</a></p><p>Archival copies of all MICE data are stored on tape at the <a href="http://www.gridpp.ac.uk/">GridPP</a> Tier 1 at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK. Contact the MICE Data Manager: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.</p><p><strong>Material available from MICE includes:</strong></p><p>The MICE RAW data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644</a></p><p>The MICE RECO data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850</a><br></p><p>The MICE Simulation data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329</a><br></p><p>The MAUS Software: <a href="https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248">doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248</a></p><p>The MICE Miscellaneous data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885</a></p

MICE Simulation Data

<div><p><a href="http://mice.iit.edu/">MICE</a>, the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment, is a project to design, construct, operate and test a cell of a muon ionisation cooling channel that may be used for a future Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory.<br></p><p>The object of the MICE experiment is to take a beam of muons created from protons from the ISIS accelerator hitting a titanium target and to show that it is possible to create a narrow intense beam, using detector techniques from particle physics.</p><p>Simulation of MICE is done in two steps: G4beamline is used to simulate the scattering from the Target and to propagate the resulting "Muon Beams" to a hand-over point just past the second momentum-selection dipole; and the separate "MC Production" process then uses MAUS to track the particles onwards through the Cooling Channel for a variety of beam settings and conditions.</p><p>The simulation outputs are provided as tarballed ROOT files.<br> </p><p><strong>Tarballs of the Simulation data output from MICE are available from</strong>:</p><p><a href="http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/Simulation/">http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/Simulation/</a></p><p>The MICE data and re-use policy is described in MICE Note 396:</p><p><a href="http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint">http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint</a></p><p>Archival copies of all MICE data are stored on tape at the <a href="http://www.gridpp.ac.uk/">GridPP</a> Tier 1 at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK. Contact the MICE Data Manager: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.</p><p><b>Material available from MICE includes:</b></p><p>The MICE RAW data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644</a></p><p>The MICE RECO data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850</a><br></p><p>The MICE Simulation data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329</a><br></p>The MAUS Software: <a href="https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248">doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248</a><p>The MICE Miscellaneous data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885</a></p><p><strong>External software:</strong></p><p>G4beamline: <a href="http://g4beamline.muonsinc.com/">http://g4beamline.muonsinc.com/</a></p><p>ROOT: <a href="https://root.cern.ch/">https://root.cern.ch/</a></p></div

MICE Raw Data

<p><a href="http://mice.iit.edu/">MICE</a>, the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment, is a project to design, construct, operate and test a cell of a muon ionisation cooling channel that may be used for a future Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory.<br></p><p>The object of the MICE experiment is to take a beam of muons created from protons from the ISIS accelerator hitting a titanium target and to show that it is possible to create a narrow intense beam, using detector techniques from particle physics.</p><p>The RAW data is the binary output from the principal MICE DAQ system, and will need unpacking and reconstructing with the appropriate software and geometry information. For many runs, the outputs of the real-time monitoring are included in the tarball. </p><p><b>Tarballs of the RAW data output from MICE are available from</b>:</p><p><a href="http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/MICE/">http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/MICE/</a></p><p>The layout of the MICE data hierarchy is described in MICE Note 255 and the data and re-use policy is described in MICE Note 396:</p><p><a href="http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint">http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint</a></p><p>Archival copies of all MICE data are stored on tape at the <a href="http://www.gridpp.ac.uk/">GridPP</a> Tier 1 at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK. Contact the MICE Data Manager: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.</p><p><strong>Material available from MICE includes:</strong></p><p>The MICE RAW data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644</a></p><p>The MICE RECO data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850</a><br></p><p>The MICE Simulation data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329</a><br></p><p>The MAUS Software: <a href="https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248">doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248</a></p><p>The MICE Miscellaneous data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885</a><br></p

MICE RECO Data

<div><p><a href="http://mice.iit.edu/">MICE</a>, the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment, is a project to design, construct, operate and test a cell of a muon ionisation cooling channel that may be used for a future Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory.<br></p><p>The object of the MICE experiment is to take a beam of muons created from protons from the ISIS accelerator hitting a titanium target and to show that it is possible to create a narrow intense beam, using detector techniques from particle physics.</p><p>The RECO data is the processed RAW output containing information about space points, particle tracks and so on, presented as tarballed ROOT files. It has been unpacked and reconstructed using the indicated version of the official software (MAUS) with the appropriate geometry information. Further analysis, e.g. derivation of beam parameters such as emittance, will again require MAUS. </p><p><strong>Tarballs of the RECO data output from MICE are available from</strong>:</p><p><a href="http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/RECO/">http://gfe02.grid.hep.ph.ic.ac.uk:8301/RECO/</a></p><p>The MICE data and re-use policy is described in MICE Note 396:</p><p><a href="http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint">http://www.mice.iit.edu/cgi-bin/note1LinePrint</a></p><p>Archival copies of all MICE data are stored on tape at the <a href="http://www.gridpp.ac.uk/">GridPP</a> Tier 1 at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK. Contact the MICE Data Manager: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.</p><p><strong>Material available from MICE includes:</strong></p><p>The MICE RAW data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.3179644</a></p><p>The MICE RECO data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5955850</a><br></p><p>The MICE Simulation data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5972329</a><br></p><p>The MAUS Software: <a href="https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248">doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3459248</a></p><p>The MICE Miscellaneous data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">doi:10.17633/rd.brunel.5024885</a></p><p><strong>External Software:</strong></p><p>ROOT: <a href="https://root.cern.ch/">https://root.cern.ch/</a></p></div

First particle-by-particle measurement of emittance in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment

The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) collaboration seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of ionization cooling, the technique by which it is proposed to cool the muon beam at a future neutrino factory or muon collider. The emittance is measured from an ensemble of muons assembled from those that pass through the experiment. A pure muon ensemble is selected using a particle identification system that can reject efficiently both pions and electrons. The position and momentum of each muon are measured using a high-precision scintillating-fibre tracker in a 4 T solenoidal magnetic field. This paper presents the techniques used to reconstruct the phase-space distributions in the upstream tracking detector and reports the first particle by-article measurement of the emittance of the MICE Muon Beam as a function of muon-beam momentum.Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK