Control of tetrahedral coordination and superconductivity in FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films

We demonstrate a close relationship between superconductivity and the dimensions of the Fe-Se(Te) tetrahedron in FeSe0.5Te0.5. This is done by exploiting thin film epitaxy, which provides controlled biaxial stress, both compressive and tensile, to distort the tetrahedron. The Se/Te height within the tetrahedron is found to be of crucial importance to superconductivity, in agreement with the theoretical proposal that (pi,pi) spin fluctuations promote superconductivity in Fe superconductors

The Ripple Effect of Terror: Escalating the Rules of Patriarchal Conformity upon the Psyche of Women in The Oleander Girl

Women continue to be deprived of their right to live independently and within acceptable boundaries. Indian women frequently take up the responsibilities of preservers of culture and tradition. They are constrained by an excessive number of laws and regulations, most of which are justified in the name of customs and religion. The patriarchal power that is inherent in Indian society shapes how they experience the Indian value system. In the case of the lives of women in the diaspora, due to their struggles with the financial and psychological uncertainties of exile, the responsibilities of family and career, and the claims of both the old and new patriarchies, they find themselves doubly disadvantaged. Additionally, these women must fight against pervasive racial prejudice in nearly every sphere of their lives. The works of Indian American author, Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, touch on a variety of diasporic topics as well as the experiences of female immigrants in their adoptive homes. The Oleander Girl by Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni portrays the double impact of war and the ripple effect of terror on women that transcends national boundaries. The terror attack of 9/11 impacted the lives of both citizens and the diaspora communities in the USA. Terror creates an environment of unease that further constrains the liberties of individuals, particularly women. Women were expected to be peaceful, comply with their gender-specific roles, and dissociate themselves from violence. The novel shows the struggles of Bengali-American Karobi, who travels to a post-9/11 America, with a burning desire to uncover her family’s secrets. Though a life of freedom is present at her fingertips, she ultimately chooses to return to her homeland as she has promises to keep and duties to fulfill. This sacrifice of her individual choice in favour of family expectations reveals the encompassing power of love that she feels towards her grandparents, a love that diminishes the negative effects of war-induced terror on a family. The objective of the paper is to analyse the power imbalances caused by war-induced terror on a family that causes Indian women to be relegated to a confining set of stereotypical roles

HIV Seroprevalence in Patients Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgery in the Niger/Delta Region of Nigeria

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the number of HIVpositive cases undergoing ophthalmic surgery at two centresin Nigeria and to assess if routine testing is clinically oreconomically effective.Methods: All patients listed for ophthalmic surgery in two eyeunits in southern Nigeria during a six-month period in 2005,who underwent a routine set of pre-operative blood tests –including HIV test – after giving full-informed consent, wereincluded. Laboratory investigation of HIV status was byELISA. Details of the patients’ age, sex, diagnosis andpreoperative HIV status were noted on a spreadsheet database.Results: At the university teaching hospital, HIV was detected inone out of 87 cases (1.15%). At the other provincial hospital3 HIV positive cases were detected out of 41 ophthalmicsurgery patients (7.31%).Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV in Nigeria is high, althoughit varies between type of hospital and region. Ophthalmicsurgeons should bear this in mind whilst operating. Routinetesting of HIV status might not be absolutely necessary as itdoes not influence changes in surgical technique orpreparation but rather reinforces the need for safe and effectivepreventive measures

Comparison of charge modulations in La1.875_{1.875}Ba0.125_{0.125}CuO4_4 and YBa2_2Cu3_3O6.6_{6.6}

A charge modulation has recently been reported in (Y,Nd)Ba$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ [Ghiringhelli {\em et al.} Science 337, 821 (2013)]. Here we report Cu $L_3$ edge soft x-ray scattering studies comparing the lattice modulation associated with the charge modulation in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.6}$ with that associated with the well known charge and spin stripe order in La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$. We find that the correlation length in the CuO$_2$ plane is isotropic in both cases, and is $259 \pm 9$ \AA for La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$ and $55 \pm 15$ \AA for YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.6}$. Assuming weak inter-planar correlations of the charge ordering in both compounds, we conclude that the order parameters of the lattice modulations in La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$ and YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.6}$ are of the same order of magnitude.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figure

A short term analysis of external rotation deficit following a combined arthroscopic bankart with remplissage and rotator interval closure for anteroinferior instability with subcritical bone loss

Background: Our study aims at assessing the clinical outcomes of our patients who have undergone arthroscopic bankart and remplissage along with rotator interval closure in the treatment of anteroinferior instability with subcritical bone loss, with focus on external rotation deficit. Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study including 48 consecutive patients who underwent surgery Arthroscopic Bankarts with remplissage procedure for anterior shoulder instability with Hill-Sachs lesion. In our study, the minimum follow-up was 6 months and the average follow-up of was 21months. At the last follow-up, active range of motion, western ontario shoulder instability index (WOSI) and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) scores were assessed. Results: 48 patients who underwent surgery in the time period of 2019-2023 who completed minimum 6months follow up were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 31.7 years (range, 16-52 years), with 93.8% male patients and 6.2% female patients. The range of motion at follow-up was comparable with the normal side, with loss of terminal external rotation in 2 patients (4%). Average University of California at Los Angeles score was 30.7 and Western Ontario shoulder instability index was 3.8%. One patient had only one episode of subluxation and there was one case of infection. Conclusions: The results of our study validate the combination of Remplissage and rotator interval closure with Bankart repair in the treatment of anterior instability with glenoid bone loss <15% irrespective of tracking of Hill Sachs lesion for excellent functional outcomes, least rate of recurrence and without significant loss of external rotation

Rotated stripe order and its competition with superconductivity in La1.88_{1.88}Sr0.12_{0.12}CuO4_4

We report the observation of a bulk charge modulation in La$_{1.88}$Sr$_{0.12}$CuO$_4$ (LSCO) with a characteristic in-plane wave-vector of (0.236, $\pm \delta$), with $\delta$=0.011 r.l.u. The transverse shift of the ordering wave-vector indicates the presence of rotated charge-stripe ordering, demonstrating that the charge ordering is not pinned to the Cu-O bond direction. On cooling through the superconducting transition, we find an abrupt change in the growth of the charge correlations and a suppression of the charge order parameter indicating competition between the two orderings. Orthorhombic LSCO thus helps bridge the apparent disparities between the behavior previously observed in the tetragonal "214" cuprates and the orthorhombic yttrium and bismuth-based cuprates and thus lends strong support to the idea that there is a common motif to charge order in all cuprate families.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figue

Magnetic excitations in underdoped Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 with x=0.047

The magnetic excitations in the paramagnetic-tetragonal phase of underdoped Ba(Fe0.953Co0.047)2As2, as measured by inelastic neutron scattering, can be well described by a phenomenological model with purely diffusive spin dynamics. At low energies, the spectrum around the magnetic ordering vector Q_AFM consists of a single peak with elliptical shape in momentum space. At high energies, this inelastic peak is split into two peaks across the direction perpendicular to Q_AFM. We use our fittings to argue that such a splitting is not due to incommensurability or propagating spin-wave excitations, but is rather a consequence of the anisotropies in the Landau damping and in the magnetic correlation length, both of which are allowed by the tetragonal symmetry of the system. We also measure the magnetic spectrum deep inside the magnetically-ordered phase, and find that it is remarkably similar to the spectrum of the paramagnetic phase, revealing the strongly overdamped character of the magnetic excitations.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure

Static Charge Density Wave Order in the Superconducting State of La2-xBaxCuO4

Charge density wave (CDW) correlations feature prominently in the phase diagram of the cuprates, motivating competing theories of whether fluctuating CDW correlations aid superconductivity or whether static CDW order coexists with superconductivity in inhomogeneous or spatially modulated states. Here we report Cu $L$-edge resonant x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) measurements of CDW correlations in superconducting La$_{2-x}$Ba$_x$CuO$_4$ $x=0.11$. Static CDW order is shown to exist in the superconducting state at low temperatures and to persist up to at least 85\% of the CDW transition temperature. We discuss the implications of our observations for how \emph{nominally} competing order parameters can coexist in the cuprates.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, Accepted in Phys. Rev. B Rapid Communication

An empirical comparison of knowledge and skill in the context of traditional ecological knowledge

Background: We test whether traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) about how to make an item predicts a person's skill at making it among the Tsimane' (Bolivia). The rationale for this research is that the failure to distinguish between knowledge and skill might account for some of the conflicting results about the relationships between TEK, human health, and economic development. Methods: We test the association between a commonly-used measure of individual knowledge (cultural consensus analysis) about how to make an arrow or a bag and a measure of individual skill at making these items, using ordinary least-squares regression. The study consists of 43 participants from 3 villages. Results: We find no association between our measures of knowledge and skill (core model, p > 0.5, R2 = .132). Conclusions: While we cannot rule out the possibility of a real association between these phenomena, we interpret our findings as support for the claim that researchers should distinguish between methods to measure knowledge and skill when studying trends in TEK