Alumnado con discapacidad auditiva: mejora de la competencia comunicativa (referencial) e implicaciones para el aprendizaje en contextos naturales de accesibilidad universal

En este artículo se presenta la aplicación de un Programa de Aprendizaje en Comunicación Referencial con el objetivo de mejorar las competencias comunicativas de un grupo de alumnos con Discapacidad Auditiva. El diseño metodológico consiste en comparar los resultados en dos grupos de estudiantes españoles con Discapacidad Auditiva, uno entrenado y otro no, en parejas con compañeros con Desarrollo Típico. Para la evaluación se utilizaron cuatro Tareas de Comunicación Referencial, dos para el pretest y dos para el postest. Para la intervención se utilizó un Programa de Aprendizaje basado en juegos de participación y comunicación. El grupo entrenado mejoró de manera significativa, con respecto al grupo no entrenado, en las regulaciones al interlocutor y en la eficacia comunicativa. Estos resultados se interpretan en relación a la inclusión en contextos educativos y/o naturales de accesibilidad universal de este alumnado con Discapacidad Auditiva.</p

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes

Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues

Nitrosative Stress in Retinal Pathologies: Review

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gas molecule with diverse physiological and cellular functions. In the eye, NO is used to maintain normal visual function as it is involved in photoreceptor light transduction. In addition, NO acts as a rapid vascular endothelial relaxant, is involved in the control of retinal blood flow under basal conditions and mediates the vasodilator responses of different substances such as acetylcholine, bradykinin, histamine, substance P or insulin. However, the retina is rich in polyunsaturated lipid membranes and is sensitive to the action of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Products generated from NO (i.e., dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3) and peroxynitrite) have great oxidative damaging effects. Oxygen and nitrogen species can react with biomolecules (lipids, proteins and DNA), potentially leading to cell death, and this is particularly important in the retina. This review focuses on the role of NO in several ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma or age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Sin financiación5.014 JCR (2019) Q1, 56/297 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 7/61 Chemistry, Medicinal, 10/139 Food Science & Technology1.100 SJR (2019) Q1, 23/130 Clinical Biochemistry; Q2, 133/456 Biochemistry, 140/300 Cell Biology, 176/414 Molecular Biology, 61/186 PhysiologyNo data IDR 2019UE

Time-Course Changes in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Retinas of rds Mice: A Retinitis Pigmentosa Model

(1) Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is characterized by progressive photoreceptor death. A Prph2Rd2 or an rds mouse is an RP model that closely reflects human RP. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of rod and cone death with oxidative stress and inflammation in rds mice. (2) Methods: The retinas of control and rds mice on postnatal days (PN) 11, 17, 21, 28, 35, and 42 were used. Oxidative damage to macromolecules, glutathione (GSH and GSSG), GSH synthesis enzymes, glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), and cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) was studied. (3) Results: The time sequence of oxidative stress and inflammation changes in rds mice occurs as follows: (i) At PN11, there is a small increase in photoreceptor death and in the microglial cells; (ii) at PN17, damage to the macromolecules is observed; (iii) at PN21, the maximum photoreceptor death rate is detected and there is an increase in GSH-GSSG and GFAP; (iv) at PN21, the microglial cells are activated; and(v) at PN28, there is a decrease in GSH synthesis enzymes. (4) Conclusions: These findings contribute to the understanding of RP physiopathology and help us to understand whether oxidative stress and inflammation are therapeutic targets. These findings contribute to our understanding that, in RP, oxidative stress and inflammation evolution and their relationship are time-dependent. In this sense, it is important to highlight that both processes are potential therapeutic targets in this disease

Sequences of Alterations in Inflammation and Autophagy Processes in Rd1 Mice

(1) Background: the aim of this work was to study microglia and autophagy alterations in a one retinitis pigmentosa (RP) model at different stages of the disease (when rods are dying and later, when there are almost no rods, and cones are the cells that die. (2) Methods: rd1 mice were used and retinas obtained at postnatal days (PN) 11, 17, 28, 35, and 42. Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1) was the protein selected to study microglial changes. The macroautophagy markers Beclin-1, Atg5, Atg7, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) (involved in chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)) were determined. (3) Results: the expression of Iba1 was increased in rd1 retinas compared to the control group at PN17 (after the period of maximum rod death), PN28 (at the beginning of the period of cone death), and PN42. The number of activated (ameboid) microglial cells increased in the early ages of the retinal degeneration and the deactivated forms (branched cells) in more advanced ages. The macroautophagy markers Atg5 at PN11, Atg7 and LC3II at PN17, and Atg7 again at PN28 were decreased in rd1 retinas. At PN35 and PN42, the results reveal alterations in LAMP2A, a marker of CMA in the retina of rd1 mice. (4) Conclusions: we can conclude that during the early phases of retinal degeneration in the rd1 mouse, there is an alteration in microglia and a decrease in the macroautophagy cycle. Subsequently, the CMA is decreased and later on appears activated as a compensatory mechanism

Comunicación principio fundamental de Scotiabank sucursal Industrial Vallejo

Seminario: Comunicación en la gestión empresaria

Image_1_Lipoic Acid and Progesterone Alone or in Combination Ameliorate Retinal Degeneration in an Experimental Model of Hereditary Retinal Degeneration.tif

<p>Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinopathies characterized by photoreceptors death. Our group has shown the positive progesterone (P4) actions on cell death progression in an experimental model of RP. In an effort to enhance the beneficial effects of P4, the aim of this study was to combine P4 treatment with an antioxidant [lipoic acid (LA)] in the rd1 mice. rd1 and control mice were treated with 100 mg/kg body weight of P4, LA, or a combination of both on postnatal day 7 (PN7), 9, and 11, and were sacrificed at PN11. The administration of LA and/or P4 diminishes cell death in rd1 retinas. The effect obtained after the combined administration of LA and P4 is higher than the one obtained with LA or P4 alone. The three treatments decreased GFAP staining, however, in the far peripheral retina, and the two treatments that offered better results were LA and LA plus P4. LA or LA plus P4 increased retinal glutathione (GSH) concentration in the rd1 mice. Although LA and P4 are able to protect photoreceptors from death in rd1 mice retinas, a better effectiveness is achieved when administering LA and P4 at the same time.</p

Role of TGF-β1 and MAP Kinases in the Antiproliferative Effect of Aspirin in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Abstract Background: We aimed to test the antiproliferative effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from bypass surgery patients and the role of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-b1). Methodology/Principal Findings: VSMC were isolated from remaining internal mammary artery from patients who underwent bypass surgery. Cell proliferation and DNA fragmentation were assessed by ELISA. Protein expression was assessed by Western blot. ASA inhibited BrdU incorporation at 2 mM. Anti-TGF-b1 was able to reverse this effect. ASA (2 mM) induced TGF-b1 secretion; however it was unable to induce Smad activation. ASA increased p38MAPK phosphorylation in a TGF-b1-independent manner. Anti-CD105 (endoglin) was unable to reverse the antiproliferative effect of ASA. Pre-surgical serum levels of TGF-b1 in patients who took at antiplatelet doses ASA were assessed by ELISA and remained unchanged. Conclusions/Significance: In vitro antiproliferative effects of aspirin (at antiinflammatory concentration) on human VSMC obtained from bypass patients are mediated by TGF-b1 and p38MAPK. Pre-surgical serum levels of TGF- b1 from bypass patients who took aspirin at antiplatelet doses did not change.Depto. de Farmacología y ToxicologíaFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu

How do we see colour blindness? Dyschromatopsia at the Faculty of Fine Arts UCM, associated problems and good teaching practices in painting courses of the Degree in Fine Arts

Se refiere a dos conjuntos de datos depositados en Docta Complutense (a la fecha, pendientes de adjudicación de URI): - Iribas Rudín, Ana Eva (2023). Encuesta sobre daltonismo en la Facultad de Bellas Artes UCM y entrevistas a alumnado daltónico del Grado en Bellas Artes UCM. - Iribas Rudín, Ana Eva (2023). Bodegones-modelo, codificación cromática, producción pictórica, notas procesuales y test de visión cromática de artistas con discromatopsia.Este proyecto tiene como objeto la discromatopsia en la Facultad de Bellas Artes UCM y la indagación sobre la problemática asociada que afecta al alumnado con esta condición, a la hora de aprender pintura en el Grado en Bellas Artes. Ha sido concebido en dos partes cuyo desarrollo abarca diferentes años académicos. La primera parte (2022-2023) comenzó con un cuestionario sobre daltonismo al colectivo de dicha Facultad, a partir del cual se reclutó para la investigación estudiantado daltónico del Grado en Bellas Artes, con el cual se hicieron entrevistas individuales. Estas personas voluntarias pintaron tres cuadros realistas de bodegones-modelo dispuestos para plantear diferentes retos cromáticos y, asimismo, produjeron notas procesuales con reflexiones y documentación del progreso de cada una de las obras.Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Vicerrectorado de CalidadDepto. de Pintura y Conservación-RestauraciónFac. de Bellas ArtesFALSEsubmitte