Seasonal variation in the diurnal periodicity of activity of the perch, Perca fluviatilis L. [Translation from: Kalamies 1973(3) 3.]

The most common catch of the amateur angler is the perch and it is the diurnal periodicity of activity (& catchability) which is examined in this study based on earlier articles and manuscripts by the authors. Of all environmental factors, variation in light and temperature are the chief reasons in establishing the times of activity periods. Winter, summer and autumn activity was studied. The spawning perch was found to be more active than the non-spawning perch. The time of day in which the fish may be active is dependant on its ability to sense changes in the external environment. Its adaptation to light is the reason for day-activity in the winter, and also accounts for the fact that hardly any activity occurs between sunset and sunrise when this period exceeds 6 hours

Digital marketing plan for VTT’s conventional and renewable energy solutions

Abstract. Social media has an integral role in today’s businesses due to the rapid development of the internet and digitalization. Still, businesses do not fully utilize the potential of social media and majority of companies do not have a digital marketing plan. Strong social media profiles facilitate a platform to showcase the expertise and research facilities, and strong, active social media profiles do better in search engines. Social media profiles can also be used for starting discussions on related topics or participating in them by writing as administrator. The fundamental purpose of the social media profiles on different sites is to drive traffic to companies’ sites and create leads. This master’s thesis was commissioned by VTT’s Renewable Energy Processes team. The goal was to produce a digital marketing plan to enhance customer and project acquisitioning by utilizing social media (LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter). In this thesis, the creation process of a digital marketing plan was studied especially from the perspective of VTT’s Renewable Energy Processes. The most important social media channels for the team were determined, energy solutions based on their expertise were studied, and a plan was conducted from the perspectives of the organization and employees. In addition, a questionnaire was sent out to the employees of VTT’s Solutions for Natural Resources and Environment organization. The purpose of the questionnaire was to gain an understanding of possible limitations and barriers for using social media professionally. In addition, it was used to map out the social media sites employees were already active at as well as what sites they might be interested in. The formed digital marketing plan includes strategies for social media and content marketing. A digital marketing plan was produced based on a mission statement, reviewing resources and defining target audience. An important part of the plan was to analyze companies’ as well as competitors’ current social media presence. For the social media marketing plan, sites were chosen and site specific plans were created. A content marketing plan was made to facilitate the creation and curation of content. The content marketing plan was an integrate part of the digital marketing plan as the most common problem is creating captivating content continuously. A trial social media profile was created in Facebook under the name VTTEnergySolutions. The profile was created in the beginning phase of this thesis and it was studied for the duration of approximately 5 months in 2016, from July to November. Based on the analysis, the reachability of a post could be increased by sharing it further to different discussion groups. There was also an interesting correlation between energy related events and increase in site traffic. The produced digital marketing plan is aligned with VTT’s new strategy. It focuses on utilizing the expertise of the employees, the VTTPeople, and increasing impact through creating and sharing content in the appropriate social media sites. Currently, the most important social media sites for the organization to be active in are LinkedIn, Facebook and Twitter. These are the chosen sites for Renewable Energy Processes to begin their social media activities at. Based on the results obtained in this thesis, the VTT’s official social media profiles in these social media sites will be utilized in the future according to the suggestions presented in the digital marketing plan. A Showcase page in LinkedIn under VTT’s company page will be the platform for publishing content. The efficient use of current VTT related hashtags encouraged to create a new hashtag: #VTTEnergy. This new hashtag plays a key role in the strategy for Twitter. The trial social media profile VTTEnergySolutions in Facebook will be continued and other energy related teams will be sought out to share administrative responsibilities. An editorial calendar created in Outlook to assist the team to plan, produce and manage the contents

Modification of the 4 MeV electron beam from a linear accelerator for irradiation of small superficial skin tumors

Uniform dose distribution with steep lateral gradient within depth range of 0–0.5 cm is crucial to be able to treat small skin lesions. The standard nominal 4 MeV electron beam from Elekta Versa HD linear accelerator was modified with degrading filter to remove the lateral scatter from treatment head and minimize the penumbra. The energy degrading method was verified based on dosimetric properties and output factors (OFs)with comparison of four types of measurement methods. The properties of degraded 4 MeV electron beam and developed electron applicators seem optimal for treating small targets near the skin surface. © 2019 The AuthorsNon peer reviewe

Activity of perch, Perca fluviatilis L. in relation to water temperature [Translation from: Kalamies 1973(6) 4.]

Catchability and activity of Perca fluviatilis in relation to temperature is examined. The number of fish caught and water temperature during the 3 summer months was used the assess the numbers of hours of activity of perch. Parallel to the research on activity, large-scale marking was carried out to establish the periods of growth during the year

Directly Printable Organic ASK Based Chipless RFID Tag for IoT Applications

A chipless RFID tag with unique ASK encoding technique is presented in this paper. The coding efficiency is enhanced regarding tag capacity. The amplitude variations of the backscattered RFID signal is used for encoding data instead of OOK Strips of different widths are used to have amplitude variations. The ASK technique is applied using three different substrates of Kapton (R) HN, PET, and paper. To incorporate ASK technique, dual polarized rhombic shaped resonators are designed. These tags operate in the frequency range of 3.1-10.6 GHz with size of 70 x 42 mm(2). The presented tags are flexible and offer easy printability. The paper-based decomposable organic tag appears as an ultra low-cost solution for wide scale tracking. This feature enables them to secure a prominent position in the emerging fields of IoT and green electronics

Subclinical cardiotoxicity following adjuvant dose-escalated FEC, high-dose chemotherapy, or CMF in breast cancer

We compared adjuvant chemotherapy-related myocardial damage by antimyosin scintigraphy in patients who received either nine cycles of FEC (fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide) where the doses of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide were escalated according to the leucocyte nadir (group I, n = 14), three cycles of FEC followed by high-dose chemotherapy with alkylating agents (CTCb) given with the support of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (group II, n = 14), or six cycles of standard intravenous CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil; group III, n = 8). The cardiac uptake of In-111-antimyosin-Fab (R11D10) antibody was measured and the heart-to-lung ratio (HLR) calculated 8–36 months after the last dose of chemotherapy. Cardiac antimyosin antibody uptake was considerably higher among patients treated with nine cycles of dose-escalated FEC than among those who were treated with three cycles of FEC and high-dose CTCb (HLR, median 1.98; range 1.36–2.24 vs median 1.51; range 1.20–1.82;P< 0.001), or those treated with CMF (median 1.44; range 1.15–1.68;P< 0.001). The difference between groups II and III was not significant (P> 0.1). A linear association was found between the cumulative dose of epirubicin and the cardiac antimyosin uptake (P< 0.001). We conclude that subclinical cardiac damage caused by three cycles of conventional-dose FEC followed by one cycle of high-dose CTCb chemotherapy is small as compared with the damage caused by dose-escalated FEC. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaig

Development of a photosynthesis model with an emphasis on ecological applications

A physiologically based steady-state model of whole leaf photosynthesis (WHOLEPHOT) is used to describe net photosynthesis daily time courses in Prunus armeniaca . Net photosynthesis rates are calculated in response to incident light intensity, leaf temperature, air carbon dioxide concentration, and leaf diffusion resistance measured at five minute intervals. The steady-state calculations closely approximate the observed net photosynthesis rates for a broad range of weather conditions and leaf stomatal behavior.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47730/1/442_2004_Article_BF00346453.pd

Understanding the interactions of cellulose fibres and deep eutectic solvent of choline chloride and urea

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer Verlag via the DOI in this record.A deep eutectic solvent composed of choline chloride (ChCl) and urea has been recently introduced as a promising cellulose compatible medium that enables e.g. fibre spinning. This paper clarifies the influence of such a solvent system on the structure and chemical composition of the cellulosic pulp fibres. Special emphasis was placed on the probable alterations of the chemical composition due to the dissolution of the fibre components and/or due to the chemical derivatisation taking place during the DES treatment. Possible changes in fibre morphology were studied with atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Chemical compositions of pulp fibres were determined from the carbohydrate content, and by analysing the elemental content. Detailed structural characterisation of the fibres was carried out using spectroscopic methods; namely X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Raman Spectroscopy. No changes with respect to fibre morphology were revealed and negligible changes in the carbohydrate composition were noted. The most significant change was related to the nitrogen content of the pulp after the DES treatment. Comprehensive examination using spectroscopic methods revealed that the nitrogen originated from strongly bound ChCl residuals that could not be removed with a mild ethanol washing procedure. According to Raman spectroscopic data and methylene blue adsorption tests, the cationic groups of ChCl seems to be attached to the anionic groups of pulp by electrostatic forces. These findings will facilitate the efficient utilisation of DES as a cellulose compatible medium without significantly affecting the native fibre structure.The authors acknowledge the Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation (TEKES) for funding the work via Design Driven Value Chains in the World of Cellulose 2.0 project. The Academy of Finland (Project ID 300367) is acknowledged for enabling the research mobility of T.T. to the University of Exeter, UK. Unto Tapper (VTT) is thanked for the SEM imaging, Atte Mikkelson, Ritva Heinonen and Marita Ikonen (VTT) for the chemical analysis and Robertus Nugroho (Aalto University) for the AFM imaging