Twitter Application to Chinese Language Learning: Lessons and Suggestions

Making a connection between the requirement of 140 characters and the need of intermediate-low learners of Chinese as a second language (CSL) to produce output in a less challenging environment, this action research engaged the college CSL students in tweeting practices. Based on the descriptive statistics of the students’ tweeting behavior and the students’ responses to the survey administered at the end of the semester, this article reflects and summarizes the lessons learned. The authors propose that structural designs in the form of projects or tasks should still be considered for social networking applications such as Twitter to be used as an educational tool. How to make better use of the social-networking aspect of Twitter and build a community of CSL learners and practitioners is also discussed

PO-149 Taekwondo Exercise Improving Cardiopulmonary Function of Female College Students after 16 Weeks Intervention

Objective Taekwondo is one of the popular exercise styles to promote aerobic endurance for college students because of its combination of hands and feet and simple technology and interesting. This study observed the effect of Taekwondo on the cardiopulmonary function of female college students, trying to find the best heart rate in the teaching class of Taekwondo and evaluate the effect of maximal oxygen uptake and improve the basic theory of Taekwondo exercise to enhance students' aerobic endurance and provide theoretical reference for scientific methods to improve classroom practice intensity. Methods 1)This study used heart rate telemetry to perform a time domain analysis of heart rate variability in 10 university students in the Taekwondo class. The indicators used in the time domain analysis are: average RR interval value, standard deviation of RR interval (SDNN), standard deviation of the average of every 5 minutes R-R interval (SDANN), and standard deviation of R-R interval every 5 minutes The mean value (SDNNindex), the difference between adjacent NNs> the percentage of the number of total sinus beats per 50 ms (PNN50). By analyzing the information of these indicators, the sympathetic and vagal nerves are balanced. 2) The maximum oxygen uptake and respiratory exchange rate of 10 female college students were measured by the treadmill exercise load per breath method. The cardiopulmonary function of female college students was assessed by cardiopulmonary function indicators and heart rate variability indicators. Results 1) The R-R interval value, the mean value of the R-R interval standard deviation (SDNNindex), and the standard deviation (SDANN) of the R-R interval mean value per 5 min were increased after exercise intervention. The three indicators increased by 438.22ms, 0.87ms, and 64.67 ms, respectively; The standard deviation of the R-R interval (SDNN), the difference between adjacent NNs >50ms, the percentage of total sinus beats (PNN50) decreased.They dropped by 44.23ms and 0.06% respectively. With the increase of the sports load of Taekwondo students, the heart rate variability gradually decreases, showing a decline in the vagus nerve tension of female college students.2) The average relative oxygen uptake of female college students before the start of the course was 30.7ml (kg*min), 35 ml (kg*min) after the intervention, and the maximum oxygen uptake increased by 14.01%. The average respiratory exchange rate of female college students before the start of the course was 1.26, 1.28 after the course intervention, and the respiratory exchange rate increased by 1.59%. Conclusions 1) Taekwondo exercise reduces the heart rate variability of female college students, and long-term exercise can enhance the ability of the vagus nerve to control the heart. 2) Increased maximal oxygen uptake and respiratory exchange rate of female college students through Taekwondo course intervention.After a long period of Taekwondo exercise, it can effectively improve the aerobic endurance of college students and improve their cardiopulmonary function.（NSFC：31401018 SKXJX2014014)

PO-057 Motor Functional Connectivity Analysis of Brain Control Network on High Level Athletes with fMRI Research

Objective The nervous system is the control center that performs the function of the human body, including each nucleus of the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia, which can control the motion of the body through three pathways-direct pathway, indirect pathway and hyperdirect pathway. Long-term physical exercise can effectively improve the human respiratory and circulatory system function indicators and promote the development of nervous system.In order to discuss the mechanisms of the high level athletes' control of the brain function network and provide the experimental basis for the study of the motor control of the central nervous system, this research collects the activation images of the cortex and basal ganglia nuclei of the ordinary college students and the high level athletes and analyzes the function connection coefficient between the groups. Methods The subjects were 15 high level athletes and 15 ordinary college students. the changes of the brain structure and DTI fiber in the state of quiet and fatigue were collected by the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Matlab software was used to compare images and data and to calculate the correlation coefficient between the related nuclear groups. Results (1) Compared with ordinary college students, the functional connectivity coefficient between the left thalamus and the left hippocampus is different in high level athletes (P<0.05). (2) The high level athletes’ functional connectivity in the left premotor area-right premotor area, left premotor area-right striatum, right premotor area-left central buckle in supplementary motor area, right premotor area-right central buckle in supplementary motor area, right premotor area-right striatum and right premotor area-left cerebellum were changed significantly after exercise fatigue (P<0.05). Conclusions The plasticity of brain function can be affected by long-term exercise training, which depends on sport training level. After exercise fatigue, the network connection system and nerve projection density change between cortical and subcortical nuclei, suggesting that exercise fatigue will change the functional connection between parts of the brain.（NSFC：31401018 SKXJX2014014)

PO-114 Effects of one-time exhaustive exercise on peripheral drive in rats

Objective In this study, we observed the effects of one-time exhaustive exercise on the grip strength, the time of grabbing, and the changes of the electromyography (EMG) of the hind limb flexor muscles and the flexor elbow muscles of the forelimbs, and revealed the effects of exercise fatigue on the peripheral motor drive level. Methods Male SD rats finished exhaustive fatigue exercise. A one-time exhaustive treadmill exercise fatigue model was established after one-week adaptive training in rats. The model was established by the modified Bedford incremental load motion program of the laboratory. The load is divided into 3 levels: the first stage movement speed 8.2 m/min, exercise time 15 min; second stage speed 15 m/min, exercise time 15 min; third stage speed at 20 m/min, exercise to exhaustion. At the same time, a miniature wireless acceleration sensor (18g) was worn in the tail of the rat to monitor the acceleration change of the running direction of the rat while running on the running platform. Three consecutive parallel experiments were performed using a rat grip tester (BioSEB GS3) to measure and compare the maximal muscle strength changes of the limbs before and after exercise fatigue in rats. Compared the static contraction of the rat muscle before and after exercise fatigue to overcome the length of time and gravity of the rod, and evaluated the muscle endurance after training the rats to learn to grab the rod. The EMG,square root amplitude (maxRMS), frequency domain analysis of EMG median frequency (MDF) and mean frequency (MPF) of the hind limb flexor and the forelimb flexor muscles (EMG) was measured by the Italian BTS FREEEMG ultra-miniature wireless surface electromyography tester to predict peripheral muscle tone and drive level. Results 1) The maximum holding force of the rat in resting state was 68.53 N/Kg, and the gripping force was significantly decreased (p<0.05) and reduced to 25.47 N/Kg after exercise fatigue .2) Exercise fatigue has a significant effect on the static grab time of rats. The rat has a grab time of 287.65s in a quiet state, and can only last for 27.78s after fatigue, and even can hardly maintain static contraction. The maxRMS of hindlimb flexor muscles in rats was significantly lower than that before fatigue (P<0.05) at rest, and there was no difference in forelimb flexor elbow muscle groups. MDF and MDF of forelimb flexor elbow muscle group and hind limb flexor muscle group were significant increased (P<0.05). 4) MaxRMS MDF and MDF of hind limb flexor muscle group and forelimb flexor elbow muscle group were significantly lower than those before fatigue (P<0.05) under the state of grabbing rod. Conclusions The sprinting ability in the running direction,maximum gripping force and grabbing time of the rats decreased significantly after exercise fatigue, revealing that the fatigue of the muscles may cause the decrease of the muscle static contraction ability. The inability of the hind limbs to maintain standing with exercise fatigue may be related to a significant decrease in hindlimb tension, and it was found that there was an explosive discharge and the phenomenon of tonic contraction in the muscles at rest. The muscle endurance and tension of the muscles were significantly reduced, and the contraction frequency of the muscle movement unit decreased significantly after exercise fatigue, causing insufficient peripheral driving level . (NSFC31401018, SKXJX2014014, [email protected])

Twitter Application to Chinese Language Learning: Lessons and Suggestions

Making a connection between the requirement of 140 characters and the need of intermediate-low learners of Chinese as a second language (CSL) to produce output in a less challenging environment, this action research engaged the college CSL students in tweeting practices. Based on the descriptive statistics of the students’ tweeting behavior and the students’ responses to the survey administered at the end of the semester, this article reflects and summarizes the lessons learned. The authors propose that structural designs in the form of projects or tasks should still be considered for social networking applications such as Twitter to be used as an educational tool. How to make better use of the social-networking aspect of Twitter and build a community of CSL learners and practitioners is also discussed

Residue dynamics of florpyrauxifen-benzyl and its effects on bacterial community structure in paddy soil of Northeast China

Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is an herbicide that has been developed in recent years. Its degradation mode in paddy soil environments is not clear. In this study, the degradation dynamics in paddy soil and water were studied by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography. Microbial degradation was the main degradation pathway. Using third-generation high-throughput sequencing technology, the changes in the soil bacterial community structure were studied. After 30 days of application, compared with the control group (F0), the abundance of Sphingomonas, Lysobacter, and Flavisolibacter in the recommended and repeated application groups (F1, F5 and F10) increased significantly, and uncultured bacterium and Terrimonas decreased significantly. Compared with the F0 and F1 groups, the species diversity of the F0 and F1 groups showed a significant increase over time. The species diversity of the F5 and F10 groups decreased significantly on Days 5 and 15. On Day 30, the recovery even exceeded that of the control group. Luteimonas and five other genera were positively correlated with herbicide residues, and Pseudolabrys and two other genera were negatively correlated. Repeated application showed a significant effect on the structure of the soil bacterial community, mainly showing a trend of a significant decrease in the initial stage and gradual recovery in the later stage. The results will guide the safe and rational use of florpyrauxifen-benzyl and provide a scientific basis for florpyrauxifen-benzyl dynamic supervision of environmental pollution and protection of black soil in Northeast China

Predictors of ischemic events in patients with unilateral extracranial vertebral artery dissection: A single-center exploratory study.

OBJECTIVE: Extracranial vertebral artery dissection (EVAD) is one of the main causes of stroke in young and middle-aged patients. However, the diagnosis is challenging. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of EVAD on color duplex ultrasonography (CDU) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (hrMRI), hoping to improve the accuracy and determine the relative contribution of vessel findings and clinical factors to acute ischemic events. METHODS: Patients with unilateral EVAD were recruited and divided into ischemia and non-ischemia groups. Clinical features of patients and the lesion location; a variety of signs which indicate dissection, including the presence of an intimal flap, double lumen, intramural hematoma, dissecting aneurysm, intraluminal thrombus, and irregular lumen; and other quantitative parameters of each dissected segment on CDU and hrMRI were reviewed, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was performed to explore the association between clinical, imaging characteristics, and ischemic events in patients with unilateral EVAD. RESULTS: Ninety-six patients with unilateral EVAD who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled during a six-year period. Overall, 41 cases (42.7%) were confirmed as ischemic stroke (n = 40) or transient ischemic attack (n = 1) during the 48 h after the onset of symptoms. Men, infections during the last week, and smoking were more common in the ischemia group. Intraluminal thrombus and occlusion on CDU were more prevalent in patients with cerebral ischemia than in those without (36.6 vs. 5.5%; p < 0.001, and 39.0 vs. 9.1%; p = 0.001, respectively). On hrMRI, intraluminal thrombus and occlusion were also more frequent in the ischemia group than in the non-ischemia group (34.1 vs. 5.5%; p < 0.001, and 34.1 vs. 9.1%; p = 0.003, respectively). In addition, lesion length on hrMRI was significantly longer for patients with ischemia (81.5 ± 41.7 vs. 64.7 ± 30.8 mm; p = 0.025). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, male gender, infections during the last week, and the presence of intraluminal thrombus on CDU and hrMRI were independently associated with acute ischemic events. CONCLUSION: Male sex, infections during the last week, and the presence of intraluminal thrombus due to dissection are associated with an increased risk of ischemic events in patients with unilateral EVAD