CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL ENTRE IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS DA REGIÃO DO ALTO JACUÍ – RIO GRANDE DO SUL

The aim of this study was to analyse the functional capacity of elderly people living in permanent abodes in the region of Alto Jacuí, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study involved asylum institutions located in seven counties: Cruz Alta, Espumoso, Ibirubá, Não- Me-Toque, Saldanha Marinho, Salto do Jacuí and Tapera, where a total of 117 elderly were interviewed. The instrument used to collect data was “Minimum Data Set (MDS) – Version 2.0 – Simplified”. Data were analysed through descriptive statistics. The associations among the quantitative variables were estimated through the Spearman Coefficient Correlation and the associations among the qualitative variables through the Chi Square t Test. The differences among the averages of grouped subjects were evaluated using the t Student Test or the Mann-Whitney Test. Results point to a prevalence of females (63.2%), being their average age (81.84 years), significantly higher than the average age of the males (75.12 years). In relation to the Daily Life Activities (DLA), the bath, the use of the bathroom and dressing were the activities of greater dependence. It was not identified association among internment time, age and DLA. However, an association between equilibrium and DLA was found. At the end it was possible to note that the functional capacity is limited in the great majority of elderly people living in asylums.Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a capacidade funcional de idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência da região do Alto Jacuí. O local do estudo envolveu as instituições asilares situadas na região do Alto Jacuí, sendo entrevistados 117 idosos, de 7 municípios: Cruz Alta, Espumoso, Ibirubá, Não-Me-Toque, Saldanha Marinho, Salto do Jacuí e Tapera. O instrumento usado para coleta de dados foi " Minimum Data Set (MDS)- Versão 2.0 - Simplificada". Os dados foram analisados com a utilização da estatística descritiva, as associações entre as variáveis quantitativas foram estimadas através do Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman e as associações entre as variáveis quantitativas foram estimadas através do Teste do Qui-Quadrado. As diferenças entre médias dos sujeitos agrupados foram estimadas através do Teste t de Student ou pelo Teste de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados apontam uma prevalência do sexo feminino (6 Fatores determinantes da capacidade funcional entre idosos 3,2%), sendo a média de idade das mulheres (81,84 anos) significativamente maior que a dos homens (75,12 anos). Com relação às AVDs, o banho, o uso do banheiro e o vestir-se foram as atividades de maior dependência. Não foi identificada associação entre tempo de internação, idade e AVD's, bem como diferença entre gênero e AVD's. Contudo foi identificada associação entre equilíbrio e AVD's. Ao final pode-se perceber que capacidade funcional se apresenta limitada na maioria dos idosos asilados avaliados. Palavras-chave: Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos; Envelhecimento; Capacidade Funcional. Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyse the functional capacity of elderly people living in permanent abodes in the region of Alto Jacuí, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study involved asylum institutions located in seven counties: Cruz Alta, Espumoso, Ibirubá, Não- Me-Toque, Saldanha Marinho, Salto do Jacuí and Tapera, where a total of 117 elderly were interviewed. The instrument used to collect data was "Minimum Data Set (MDS) - Version 2.0 - Simplified". Data were analysed through descriptive statistics. The associations among the quantitative variables were estimated through the Spearman Coefficient Correlation and the associations among the qualitative variables through the Chi Square t Test. The differences among the averages of grouped subjects were evaluated using the t Student Test or the Mann-Whitney Test. Results point to a prevalence of females (63.2%), being their average age (81.84 years), significantly higher than the average age of the males (75.12 years). In relation to the Daily Life Activities (DLA), the bath, the use of the bathroom and dressing were the activities of greater dependence. It was not identified association among internment time, age and DLA. However, an association between equilibrium and DLA was found. At the end it was possible to note that the functional capacity is limited in the great majority of elderly people living in asylums. Key words: Homes for the Aged; Aging; Functional Capacity

The effect of training programs for the treatment of Sarcopenia in elderly people: a systematic review.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito da intervenção de programas de exercícios na massa muscular como tratamento de indivíduos idosos com sarcopenia. Método: Revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos comparando idosos sarcopenicos em grupo submetido a um programa de exercício (grupo intervenção) em relação à um grupo de controle. Os Critérios de seleção para esta revisão são: ensaios clínicos (tipo de estudo); indivíduos idosos, com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, sedentários com sarcopenia (tipo de participante); programa de exercícios que tivessem, no mínimo, 04 semanas de duração e 8 sessões de treino; a intensidade média das sessões (mínimo) deveria ser de moderada à alta (igual ou maior a 60% da capacidade máxima) (Tipo de intervenção); e variação percentual da massa muscular (Tipo de desfecho). A estratégia de busca se desenvolveu nos bancos de dados virtuais como Medline, Pubmed; Bireme; Lilacs, PEDro; Science Direct; e a Biblioteca Cochrane. As buscas ocorreram no período de 2012 à 2013, sem considerar limite de tempo de publicação dos artigos incluídos. Os descritores/termos de pesquisa utilizados foram exercise, sarcopenia e clinical trial. Não houve restrições de linguagem ou ano de publicação. Resultados: Foram identificadas 1.580 referências. Após a primeira etapa da revisão, 92 estudos foram considerados elegíveis para inclusão e selecionados para a análise do texto integral. Ao final, 23 estudos foram incluídos para a revisão. Os resultados indicaram um aumento de massa muscular em vinte e dois (22) grupos de intervenção com programas de exercícios físicos. Conclusões: Os resultados da análise sugerem uma associação positiva do efeito de programas de exercício sobre a massa muscular de idosos e redução da sarcopenia.Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of exercise program intervention on muscle mass as treatment of elderly individuals with sarcopeniaMethod: Systematic review of clinical trials comparing elderly sarcopenics in a group undergoing an exercise program (intervention group) in relation to a control group. The selection criteria for this review were: clinical trials (type of study); Elderly individuals, aged 60 years or older, sedentary with sarcopenia (type of participant); Program of exercises that had at least 04 weeks of duration and 8 sessions of training; The mean intensity of the sessions (minimum) should be moderate to high (equal to or greater than 60% of maximum capacity) (Type of intervention) and percentage variation of muscle mass (Type of outcome). The search strategy was developed in virtual databases such as Medline, Pubmed; Bireme; Lilacs, PEDro; Science Direct and the Cochrane Library. The searches occurred in the period from 2012 to 2013, without considering the time limit for publication of the articles included. The descriptors/search terms used were exercise; Sarcopenia and clinical trial. There were no language restrictions or year of publication.Results: 1,580 references were identified. After the first stage of the review, 92 studies were considered eligible for inclusion and selected for full text analysis. At the end, 23 studies were included for review. The results indicated an increase in muscle mass in twenty-two (22) intervention groups with exercise programs.Conclusion: The results suggest a positive association of exercise programs effect on muscle mass and reduction of sarcopenia

Body Painting e Peer to Peer como ferramentas de ensino-aprendizagem: Um estudo de coorte

Introdução: Body Painting e Peer to Peer são ferramentas utilizadas com o propósito de aprimorar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem no ensino superior, onde o estudante é o agente principal, assumindo um papel ativo e resignificando o aprendizado para a futura vida profissional. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o uso do Body Painting e Peer to Peer como ferramentas de ensino-aprendizagem no eixo de conhecimento de Estrutura e Função Humana para os cursos da saúde e o seu efeito sobre as notas e a necessidade de exame complementar. Método: Estudo de coorte com 3 anos, onde os estudantes de um centro universitário foram acompanhados enquanto cursavam os componentes curriculares de morfologia humana e sistemas corporais. Resultado: 3980 estudantes dos cursos de saúde participaram do estudo. Eles foram monitorados no período de 2014, 2015 e 2016, no eixo de estrutura e função humana. Observou-se uma redução gradual da necessidade de realização do exame final de 332, 183 e 124 ao longo dos anos. Também podemos observar que o número médio de estudantes que não precisaram de um exame final aumentou de 7 para 8 e 9. Considerações finais: Os estudantes apresentaram melhores desempenhos reduzindo o número de reprovações nas disciplinas. Assim, o uso do Body painting e peer to peer como ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem no eixo de Estrutura e Função demonstrou melhor aproveitamento dos estudantes, colaborando para a formação acadêmica efetiva e a construção do conhecimento profissional

The Brazilian version of the Constant-Murley Score (CMS-BR): convergent and construct validity, internal consistency, and unidimensionality

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To translate and culturally adapt the CMS and assess the validity of the Brazilian version (CMS-BR). METHODS: The translation was carried out according to the back-translation method by four independent translators. The produced versions were synthesized through extensive analysis and by consensus of an expert committee, reaching a final version used for the cultural adaptation. A field test was conducted with 30 subjects in order to obtain semantic considerations. For the psychometric analyzes, the sample was increased to 110 participants who answered two instruments: CMS-BR and the Disabilities of the Arm, shoulder and Hand (DASH). The CMS-BR and DASH score range from 0 to 100 points. For the first, higher points reflect better function and for the latter, the inverse is true. The validity was verified by Pearson's correlation test, the unidimensionality by factorial analysis, and the internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: The explained variance was 60.28% with factor loadings ranging from 0.60 to 0.91. The CMS-BR exhibited strong negative correlation with the DASH score (-0.82, p < 0.05), Cronbach's alpha 0.85, and its total score was strongly correlated with the patient's range of motion (0.93, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The CMS was satisfactorily adapted for Brazilian Portuguese and demonstrated evidence of validity that allows its use in this population

Urinary incontinence and quality of life in high-performance swimmers: An observational study

Each day more women around the world practice high impact physical activities and this may be a risk factor for urinary incontinence (UI) in young. We verified the prevalence of UI and the impact in quality of life (QoL) in high-performance swimmers, through a cross-sectional observational study with 9 high performance swimmers and 9 sedentary women who responded the International Consultation on incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF), participated in a functional evaluation of pelvic floor muscles with bidigital palpation and pad test. We verifed that was present in 78% of high-performance swimmers, and the quality of life was significantly worse (p =.037) when compared to sedentary women. These findings led us to conclude that presence of UI affects the quality of life, even if it is not a factor of abandonment of the sport

Prevalence of urinary incontinence in elderly in Porto Alegre-RS

OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in the elderly population of Porto Alegre-RS, as well as its impact on quality of life of these individuals. METHODOLOGY: The sample consisted of 401 individuals, with over 65 years of age, of both genders, resident for at least 12 months in the neighborhood. Data collection was performed by applying the International Continence Consultation on Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) during a home visit. RESULTS: The prevalence of UI found in the population was 32.2%. Regarding gender, 37.9% of incontinent women showed up to 15.5% of men. The most prevalent types of UI were urgency (18%) and stress (16%). There is a significant association between the presence of UI and advancing age (r = 0.183, p &lt;0.001), age and interference in daily life (r = 0.101, p = 0.044) and age and the decline in quality of life (r = 0.117, p = 0.02). The ICIQ-SF score demonstrated negative impact on quality of life of elderly patients with UI. CONCLUSION: We observed a higher prevalence of UI among women in all age groups. The UI of urgency and stress were the most prevalent. The ICIQ-SF indicated significant negative interference of urinary incontinence on quality of life of the elderly, especially in the age group of 90 to 99 years old. The prevalence of UI interfered significantly in the frequency of losses, in the performance of daily activities and poorer quality of life of the aged.</p

The Brazilian version of the Constant-Murley Score (CMS-BR): convergent and construct validity, internal consistency, and unidimensionality

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To translate and culturally adapt the CMS and assess the validity of the Brazilian version (CMS-BR). METHODS: The translation was carried out according to the back-translation method by four independent translators. The produced versions were synthesized through extensive analysis and by consensus of an expert committee, reaching a final version used for the cultural adaptation. A field test was conducted with 30 subjects in order to obtain semantic considerations. For the psychometric analyzes, the sample was increased to 110 participants who answered two instruments: CMS-BR and the Disabilities of the Arm, shoulder and Hand (DASH). The CMS-BR and DASH score range from 0 to 100 points. For the first, higher points reflect better function and for the latter, the inverse is true. The validity was verified by Pearson's correlation test, the unidimensionality by factorial analysis, and the internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: The explained variance was 60.28% with factor loadings ranging from 0.60 to 0.91. The CMS-BR exhibited strong negative correlation with the DASH score (-0.82, p < 0.05), Cronbach's alpha 0.85, and its total score was strongly correlated with the patient's range of motion (0.93, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The CMS was satisfactorily adapted for Brazilian Portuguese and demonstrated evidence of validity that allows its use in this population

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data