988 research outputs found
Spontaneous patterns in coherently driven polariton microcavities
We consider a polariton microcavity resonantly driven by two external lasers
which simultaneously pump both lower and upper polariton branches at normal
incidence. In this setup, we study the occurrence of instabilities of the
pump-only solutions towards the spontaneous formation of patterns. Their
appearance is a consequence of the spontaneous symmetry breaking of
translational and rotational invariance due to interaction induced parametric
scattering. We observe the evolution between diverse patterns which can be
classified as single-pump, where parametric scattering occurs at the same
energy as one of the pumps, and as two-pump, where scattering occurs at a
different energy. For two-pump instabilities, stripe and chequerboard patterns
become the dominant steady-state solutions because cubic parametric scattering
processes are forbidden. This contrasts with the single-pump case, where
hexagonal patterns are the most common arrangements. We study the possibility
of controlling the evolution between different patterns. Our results are
obtained within a linear stability analysis and are confirmed by finite size
full numerical calculations.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
All-optical non-demolition measurement of single-hole spin in a quantum-dot molecule
We propose an all-optical scheme to perform a non-demolition measurement of a
single hole spin localized in a quantum-dot molecule. The latter is embedded in
a microcavity and driven by two lasers. This allows to induce Raman transitions
which entangle the spin state with the polarization of the emitted photons. We
find that the measurement can be completed with high fidelity on a timescale of
100 ps, shorter than the typical T2. Furthermore, we show that the scheme can
be used to induce and observe spin oscillations without the need of
time-dependent magnetic fields
Two-photon spectra of quantum emitters
We apply our recently developed theory of frequency-filtered and
time-resolved N-photon correlations to study the two-photon spectra of a
variety of systems of increasing complexity: single mode emitters with two
limiting statistics (one harmonic oscillator or a two-level system) and the
various combinations that arise from their coupling. We consider both the
linear and nonlinear regimes under incoherent excitation. We find that even the
simplest systems display a rich dynamics of emission, not accessible by simple
single photon spectroscopy. In the strong coupling regime, novel two-photon
emission processes involving virtual states are revealed. Furthermore, two
general results are unraveled by two-photon correlations with narrow linewidth
detectors: i) filtering induced bunching and ii) breakdown of the
semi-classical theory. We show how to overcome this shortcoming in a
fully-quantized picture.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figure
Optimizing photon indistinguishability in the emission from incoherently-excited semiconductor quantum dots
Most optical quantum devices require deterministic single-photon emitters.
Schemes so far demonstrated in the solid state imply an energy relaxation which
tends to spoil the coherent nature of the time evolution, and with it the
photon indistinguishability. We focus our theoretical investigation on
semiconductor quantum dots embedded in microcavities. Simple and general
relations are identified between the photon indistinguishability and the
collection efficiency. The identification of the key parameters and of their
interplay provides clear indications for the device optimization
NN coupling and two-pion photoproduction on the nucleon
Effects of non-resonant photoproductions arising from two different
couplings are investigated in the reaction. We find that
the pseudoscalar (PS) coupling is generally preferable to the
pseudovector (PV) coupling and particularly the total cross sections
are successfully described by the model with the PS coupling. In order
to see the difference between the two couplings, we also show the results of
invariant mass spectra and helicity-dependent cross sections in various isospin
channels calculated with the PS and PV couplings.Comment: 35 pages, 11 figures, minor changes and version to be published in
Phys.Rev.
Penicillium aureocephalum Munt.-Cvetk., Hoyo et Gómez-Bolea, un interessant ascomicet anamòrfic amb aspecte de mixomicet : distribució, ecologia i fenologia
Cinc anys
després de la descripció de Penicillium aureocephalum per Muntañola-Cvetkovic, Hoyo i GórnezBolea,
els autors del present treball han anat afegint Inés dades de camp a les ja existents, que
comencen a subministrar una imatge més viva d'aquest curiós anamorf saprotrófic dins de les
comunitats naturals on esporula. El present treball és un resum d'aquestes dades corológiques,
ecológiques i fenológiques, acompanyat de comentaris. La principal conclu sió és que I'espécie se' ns
presenta com un fong termófil que colonit za preferentm ent fulles caigudes de surera (Quercus suber),
que han mort a l' arbre per la calor produída per incendis, pero que també pot créixer, menys sovint,
sobre altres substrats, com ara fulles o fruits de Cistus salviifolius, C. ladanifer, Quercus coccifera, etc.
que han estat descarre gats per les plantes com a resposta a un fort estrés hídric. El treball inclou un
mapa de la distribuci ó de I'espécie en el Pare Natural del Cap de Creus, fins ara I' área óptima de
creixement, i un altre mapa amb la distribució coneguda actualment en els Paisos Catalans, on apareix
provisionahnent endémica. S'ofereix un estudi macrofotográfic de l'especie, útil per ajudar els
mic ólegs a trobar noves localitat s d'aquest curiosa especie d'anamorf, tan diferent de les més
conegudes de Penicillium , ja que té aspect e de mixomic et, que es comporta COIll a term ófila i
saprotrófica sobre fulles riques en nutrients.Five years after
the description of Penicillium aureocephalum by Muntañola-C vetkovic, Hoyo and G ómez-Bolea, an
increasing wealth of field data has been gathered by the authors, which provide a vivid image of the
anamorph of this curious saprotrophic species. Chorological, ecological and phenological data are here
summarized and discussed. The species appears to be thermophilou s, preferentially colonizing fallen
leaves of cork trees (Quercus suber) killed by wildfires, but also growing sometimes on other substrata,
such as dead leaves of Cistus salviifolius,C. ladanifer, Quercus coccifera, etc. which may have dropped as
a response to severe water stress. A distribution map of the species in the Natural Park of Cap de Creus,
which apparently is its natural habitat and another nowith showing the currently known distribution in the
Catalan Countries, are given. A macrophotographic survey ofthe species is also included in order to aid in
the recognition of this curious myxomycete-looking thermophilou s, anamorphic species, saprotrophic on
nutrient-rich substrata, and so different from the usual Penicillium taxa
Entanglement of two qubits mediated by one-dimensional plasmonic waveguides
We investigate qubit-qubit entanglement mediated by plasmons supported by
one-dimensional waveguides. We explore both the situation of spontaneous
formation of entanglement from an unentangled state and the emergence of driven
steady-state entanglement under continuous pumping. In both cases, we show that
large values for the concurrence are attainable for qubit-qubit distances
larger than the operating wavelength by using plasmonic waveguides that are
currently available.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Minor Changes. Journal Reference added.
Highlighted in Physic
Dynamics of the excitations of a quantum dot in a microcavity
We study the dynamics of a quantum dot embedded in a three-dimensional
microcavity in the strong coupling regime in which the quantum dot exciton has
an energy close to the frequency of a confined cavity mode. Under the
continuous pumping of the system, confined electron and hole can recombine
either by spontaneous emission through a leaky mode or by stimulated emission
of a cavity mode that can escape from the cavity. The numerical integration of
a master equation including all these effects gives the dynamics of the density
matrix. By using the quantum regression theorem, we compute the first and
second order coherence functions required to calculate the photon statistics
and the spectrum of the emitted light. Our main result is the determination of
a range of parameters in which a state of cavity modes with poissonian or
sub-poissonian (non-classical) statistics can be built up within the
microcavity. Depending on the relative values of pumping and rate of stimulated
emission, either one or two peaks close to the excitation energy of the dot
and/or to the natural frequency of the cavity are observed in the emission
spectrum. The physics behind these results is discussed
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