2,110 research outputs found
Broadening of HO rotational lines by collision with He atoms at low temperature
We report pressure broadening coefficients for the 21 electric-dipole
transitions between the eight lowest rotational levels of ortho-HO and
para-HO molecules by collisions with He at temperatures from 20 to 120 K.
These coefficients are derived from recently published experimental
state-to-state rate coefficients for HO:He inelastic collisions, plus an
elastic contribution from close coupling calculations. The resulting
coefficients are compared to the available experimental data. Mostly due to the
elastic contribution, the pressure broadening coefficients differ much from
line to line, and increase markedly at low temperature. The present results are
meant as a guide for future experiments and astrophysical observations.Comment: 2 figures, 2 table
Three and two-hadron correlations in \sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV proton-proton and nucleus-nucleus collisions
We compare the azimuthal correlations arising from three and two hadron
production in high energy proton-proton and nucleus-nucleus collisions at
\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV, using the leading order matrix elements for two-to-three
and two-to-two parton-processes in perturbative QCD. We first compute the two
and three hadron production cross sections in mid-rapidity proton-proton
collisions. Then we consider Au + Au collisions including parton energy loss
using the modified fragmentation function approach. By examining the
geometrical paths the hard partons follow through the medium, we show that the
two away-side partons produced in two-to-three processes have in average a
smaller and a greater path length than the average path length of the away-side
parton in two-to-two processes. Therefore there is a large probability that in
the former processes one of the particles escapes while the other gets
absorbed. This effect leads to an enhancement in the azimuthal correlations of
the two-to-three with respect to the two-to-two parton-processes when comparing
to the same processes in proton-proton collisions since in average the particle
with the shortest path length looses less energy with respect to the away side
particle in two-to-two processes. We argue that this phenomenon may be
responsible for the shape of the away-side in azimuthal correlations observed
in mid-rapidity Au + Au collisions at RHIC.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
The broad away side of azimuthal correlations: 3 vs 2 final state particles in high energy nuclear collisions
In high energy heavy ion collisions at RHIC there are important aspects of
the medium induced dynamics, that are still not well understood. In particular,
there is a broadening and even a double hump structure of the away-side peak
appearing in azimuthal correlation studies in Au+Au collisions which is absent
in p+p collisions at the same energies. These features are already present but
suppressed in p+p collisions: 2 to 3 parton processes produce such structures
but are suppressed with respect to 2 to 2 processes. We argue that in A+A
collisions the different geometry for the trajectories of 3 as opposed to 2
particles in the final state, together with the medium induced energy loss
effects on the different cross sections, create a scenario that enhances
processes with 3 particles in the final state, which gives on average this
double hump structure.Comment: Prepared for the 5th International Workshop on High-pT Physics at
LHC, ICN-UNAM, 27 Sep.-1 Oct, 201
How different Fermi surface maps emerge in photoemission from Bi2212
We report angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) from the Fermi energy
() over a large area of the () plane using 21.2 eV and 32 eV
photons in two distinct polarizations from an optimally doped single crystal of
BiSrCaCuO (Bi2212), together with extensive
first-principles simulations of the ARPES intensities. The results display a
wide-ranging level of accord between theory and experiment and clarify how
myriad Fermi surface (FS) maps emerge in ARPES under various experimental
conditions. The energy and polarization dependences of the ARPES matrix element
help disentangle primary contributions to the spectrum due to the pristine
lattice from those arising from modulations of the underlying tetragonal
symmetry and provide a route for separating closely placed FS sheets in low
dimensional materials.Comment: submitted to PR
Mixing Effects in the Crystallization of Supercooled Quantum Binary Liquids
By means of Raman spectroscopy of liquid microjets we have investigated the
crystallization process of supercooled quantum liquid mixtures composed of
parahydrogen (pH) diluted with small amounts of up to 5\% of either neon or
orthodeuterium (oD), and of oD diluted with either Ne or pH. We
show that the introduction of Ne impurities affects the crystallization
kinetics in both the pH-Ne and oD-Ne mixtures in terms of a significant
reduction of the crystal growth rate, similarly to what found in our previous
work on supercooled pH-oD liquid mixtures [M. K\"uhnel et {\it al.},
Phys. Rev. B \textbf{89}, 180506(R) (2014)]. Our experimental results, in
combination with path-integral simulations of the supercooled liquid mixtures,
suggest in particular a correlation between the measured growth rates and the
ratio of the effective particle sizes originating from quantum delocalization
effects. We further show that the crystalline structure of the mixture is also
affected to a large extent by the presence of the Ne impurities, which likely
initiate the freezing process through the formation of Ne crystallites.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phy
A beam-beam monitoring detector for the MPD experiment at NICA
The Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) is to be installed at the Nuclotron Ion
Collider fAcility (NICA) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR).
Its main goal is to study the phase diagram of the strongly interacting matter
produced in heavy-ion collisions. These studies, while providing insight into
the physics of heavy-ion collisions, are relevant for improving our
understanding of the evolution of the early Universe and the formation of
neutron stars. In order to extend the MPD trigger capabilities, we propose to
include a high granularity beam-beam monitoring detector (BE-BE) to provide a
level-0 trigger signal with an expected time resolution of 30 ps. This new
detector will improve the determination of the reaction plane by the MPD
experiment, a key measurement for flow studies that provides physics insight
into the early stages of the reaction. In this work, we use simulated Au+Au
collisions at NICA energies to show the potential of such a detector to
determine the event plane resolution, providing further redundancy to the
detectors originally considered for this purpose namely, the Fast Forward
Detector (FFD) and the Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL). We also show our results for
the time resolution studies of two prototype cells carried out at the T10 beam
line at the CERN PS complex.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures. Updated to published version with added
comments and correction
Inelastic collisions in molecular nitrogen at low temperature (2<T<50 K)
Theory and experiment are combined in a novel approach aimed at establishing a set of two-body state-to-state rates for elementary processes ij->lm in low temperature N2:N2 collisions involving the rotational states i, j, l, m. First, a set of 148 collision cross sections is calculated as a function of the collision energy at the converged close-coupled level via the MOLSCAT code, using a recent potential energy surface for N2–N2. Then, the corresponding rates for the range of 2<T<50 K are derived from the cross sections. The link between theory and experiment, aimed at assessing the calculated rates, is a master equation which accounts for the time evolution of rotational populations in a reference volume of gas in terms of the collision rates. In the experiment, the evolution of rotational populations is measured by Raman spectroscopy in a tiny reference volume 2E-3 mm3 of N2 traveling along the axis of a supersonic jet. The calculated collisional rates are assessed experimentally in the range of 4<T<35 K by means of the master equation, and then are scaled by averaging over a large set of experimental data. The scaled rates account accurately for the evolution of the rotational populations measured in a wide range of conditions. Accuracy of 10%
is estimated for the main scaled rates.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, research Project Nos. FIS2004-02576, HF2004-232, ESP2004-21060-E, and ASTROCAM network. J.P.F. is indebted to the CSIC for an I3P grant.Peer reviewe
Experimental and numerical investigation of an axisymmetric supersonic jet
21 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables.A comprehensive study of a steady axisymmetric supersonic jet of CO2, including experiment, theory, and numerical calculation, is presented. The experimental part, based on high-sensitivity Raman spectroscopy mapping, provides absolute density and rotational temperature maps covering the significant regions of the jet: the zone of silence, barrel shock, Mach disk, and subsonic region beyond the Mach disk. The interpretation is based on the quasi-gasdynamic (QGD) system of equations, and its generalization (QGDR) considering the translational–rotational breakdown of thermal equilibrium. QGD and QGDR systems of equations are solved numerically in terms of a finite-difference algorithm with the steady state attained as the limit of a time-evolving process. Numerical results show a good global agreement with experiment, and provide information on those quantities not measured in the experiment, like velocity field, Mach numbers, and pressures. According to the calculation the subsonic part of the jet, downstream of the Mach disk, encloses a low-velocity recirculation vortex ring.This research was supported by the Spanish Dirección General de Investigación
CientÃfica y Enseñanza Superior (DGICYES), Research Projects PB94{1526 and
PB97{1203, and by the Fund for Fundamental Investigations of the Russian Academy
of Sciences N 98-01-00155.Peer reviewe
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