Use of sodium hipochlorite in sterilization of culture medium for multiplication of Eucalyptus pellita L.

Ultimamente, vem-se observando grande interesse na \ue1rea de pesquisa em cultura de tecidos vegetais, em se descobrir novas op\ue7\uf5es que resultem na redu\ue7\ue3o dos custos da micropropaga\ue7\ue3o das plantas em laborat\uf3rios comerciais, de modo a torn\ue1-la mais vi\ue1vel economicamente. Uma op\ue7\ue3o potencialmente promissora para a redu\ue7\ue3o de custos, mas que n\ue3o tem recebido a devida aten\ue7\ue3o, \ue9 a perspectiva de se substituir a t\ue9cnica de autoclavagem por outra mais econ\uf4mica. Com esse objetivo, foram realizados dois testes utilizando um novo protocolo de preparo do meio, que consistiu na esteriliza\ue7\ue3o qu\uedmica de todos os utens\uedlios utilizados no preparo e acondicionamento do meio de cultura, associado \ue0 adi\ue7\ue3o do esterilizante ao meio em diferentes concentra\ue7\uf5es. O primeiro teste teve como objetivo observar a influ\ueancia de diferentes concentra\ue7\uf5es de NaClO adicionado ao meio de cultura sobre a esteriliza\ue7\ue3o deste. O segundo objetivou verificar a rea\ue7\ue3o dos tecidos de Eucalyptus pellita a diferentes concentra\ue7\uf5es de NaClO adicionado ao meio de cultura. A adi\ue7\ue3o, ao meio de cultura, de concentra\ue7\uf5es iguais ou superiores a 0,0005% no primeiro teste e de 0,005% no segundo, permitiu completa esteriliza\ue7\ue3o do meio, n\ue3o se tendo observado qualquer dano aos tecidos do Eucalyptus pellita , quando cultivado em meio de cultura com at\ue9 a concentra\ue7\ue3o m\ue1xima testada, de 0,009% de NaClO. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a viabilidade de dispensar o uso da autoclave para a esteriliza\ue7\ue3o de meios de cultura para esta esp\ue9cie.Lately it has been observed a great interest in the research area of plant tissue culture in discovering new alternatives leading to cost reduction of the plants produced in commercial laboratories, in order to turn this alternative of plant propagation more economical. A potentially promising alternative for this reduction of costs, but which has not been receiving the due attention, is the possibility of substituting the autoclaving technique to a more economical one. With this purpose, two tests were carried out, using a new protocol of medium preparation, which consisted of the chemical sterilization of all the utensils used in the preparation and packaging of the culture medium as well, associated to the addition of the sterilizing agent to the medium, in different concentrations. The objective of the first test was to observe the influence of different concentrations of NaClO added to the culture medium, on its sterilization. The second test aimed at verifying the reaction of the Eucalyptus pellita tissues to different concentrations of NaClO in the culture medium. The addition of NaClO to the culture medium, equal or higher than 0.0005% in the fist test and of 0.005% in the second one, allowed complete sterilization of the medium, without observing any damage to the Eucalyptus pellita tissues, even when they were grown on culture medium containing up to 0.009%, the maximum concentration tried. The results showed the viability of eliminating the autoclave for the sterilization of culture media

Cultivo in vitro de Sequoia sempervirens L. em meio de nutritivo esterilizado com hipoclorito de sódio

The autoclaving used for sterilization of glassware, culture media and surgical materials in laboratory is a costly operation, due to the high cost of the equipment and the equally high consumption of energy. For these reasons, the substitution of this sterilization technique for another less costly one, such as chemical sterilization, would be highly desirable. The present study aimed to compare the techniques of sterilization of plant tissue culture media with sodium hypochlorite and that of autoclaving, in Sequoia sempervirens culture, in order to develop a less costly technique in the sterilization of glassware and nutrient media for plant tissue culture. In the trial with Sequoia sempervirens, the concentrations of sodium hypochlorite added to the culture media were (w/v): 0% (autoclaved); B) 0.002%; C) 0.003%; D) 0.004% and E) 0% (without autoclaving). It was observed that the concentrations equal to or higher than 0.003% of total chlorine added to the nutrient media resulted in complete sterilization, as well as in plants with larger numbers and shoots lengths.A autoclavagem, técnica utilizada para esterilização de vidraria, meios de cultura e materiais cirúrgicos em laboratório, é uma operação onerosa, em razão do elevado custo do equipamento e do igualmente elevado consumo de energia. Por tais motivos, a substituição dessa técnica de esterilização por outra com custo reduzido, tal como a esterilização química, seria altamente desejável. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo a comparação entre as técnicas de esterilização de meios de cultura de tecidos vegetais com hipoclorito de sódio e por autoclavagem, em culturas de Sequoia sempervirens, de modo a obter um procedimento menos dispendioso. O teste foi realizado com Sequoia sempervirens em meios de cultura adicionados das seguintes porcentagens (p/v) de hipoclorito de sódio: A) 0%, autoclavado (tratamento-controle A); B) 0,002%; C) 0,003%; D) 0,004%; E) 0,005%; e F) 0%, sem autoclavar (tratamento-controle B). Observou-se que as concentrações de hipoclorito de sódio a partir de 0,003% adicionadas ao meio nutritivo resultaram em uma completa esterilização do meio, bem como em plantas com maiores números e comprimento de ramos

In vitro culture of Sequoia sempervirens L. on nutritive media sterilized with sodium hypochlorite

A autoclavagem, t\ue9cnica utilizada para esteriliza\ue7\ue3o de vidraria, meios de cultura e materiais cir\ufargicos em laborat\uf3rio, \ue9 uma opera\ue7\ue3o onerosa, em raz\ue3o do elevado custo do equipamento e do igualmente elevado consumo de energia. Por tais motivos, a substitui\ue7\ue3o dessa t\ue9cnica de esteriliza\ue7\ue3o por outra com custo reduzido, tal como a esteriliza\ue7\ue3o qu\uedmica, seria altamente desej\ue1vel. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo a compara\ue7\ue3o entre as t\ue9cnicas de esteriliza\ue7\ue3o de meios de cultura de tecidos vegetais com hipoclorito de s\uf3dio e por autoclavagem, em culturas de Sequoia sempervirens , de modo a obter um procedimento menos dispendioso. O teste foi realizado com Sequoia sempervirens em meios de cultura adicionados das seguintes porcentagens (p/v) de hipoclorito de s\uf3dio: A) 0%, autoclavado (tratamento-controle A); B) 0,002%; C) 0,003%; D) 0,004%; E) 0,005%; e F) 0%, sem autoclavar (tratamento-controle B). Observou-se que as concentra\ue7\uf5es de hipoclorito de s\uf3dio a partir de 0,003% adicionadas ao meio nutritivo resultaram em uma completa esteriliza\ue7\ue3o do meio, bem como em plantas com maiores n\ufameros e comprimento de ramos.The autoclaving used for sterilization of glassware, culture media and surgical materials in laboratory is a costly operation, due to the high cost of the equipment and the equally high consumption of energy. For these reasons, the substitution of this sterilization technique for another less costly one, such as chemical sterilization, would be highly desirable. The present study aimed to compare the techniques of sterilization of plant tissue culture media with sodium hypochlorite and that of autoclaving, in Sequoia sempervirens culture, in order to develop a less costly technique in the sterilization of glassware and nutrient media for plant tissue culture. In the trial with Sequoia sempervirens, the concentrations of sodium hypochlorite added to the culture media were (w/v): 0% (autoclaved); B) 0.002%; C) 0.003%; D) 0.004% and E) 0% (without autoclaving). It was observed that the concentrations equal to or higher than 0.003% of total chlorine added to the nutrient media resulted in complete sterilization, as well as in plants with larger numbers and shoots lengths

Sessão V - Ensino Superior

A Sessão V concentrou-se no sistema de ensino a jusante do secundário, nomeadamente o politécnico e universitário. Pretendeu-se aqui também suscitar uma ampla participação de todas as forças vivas que compõem estes sistemas, focalizada nas consequências para os seus projectos educativos do grau de maturidade do desenvolvimento dos três valores nos seus estudantes

Impacts of huanglongbing on fruit yield and quality and on flushing dynamics of Sicilian lemon trees

IntroductionThe severe Asian form of huanglongbing (HLB), a vascular disease associated with the phloem-limited bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’, is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri. Disease impacts are known for sweet oranges and acid limes but not lemons.MethodsIn a five-year study (2017–2021) we compared yield and fruit quality between naturally-infected and healthy 5-yr-old trees of Sicilian lemon ‘Femminello’, and shoot phenology on both lemon and ‘Valencia’ orange, both grafted onto ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, grown in southeastern São Paulo State, Brazil. HLB severity (percentage of tree canopy area with HLB symptoms) was assessed every 3–4 months, fruit yield and quality in May (2017 to 2019) or June/July (2020-2021), and vegetative and reproductive shoots fortnightly on 50-cm-long branches. The development of ACP on one-year-old seedlings of five lemon varieties, ‘Tahiti’ acid lime, ‘Valencia’ orange, and orange jasmine was evaluated.ResultsSymptoms increased from 11% in 2017 to 64% in 2021, and a monomolecular model estimated 10 years for symptoms to occupy >90% of the tree canopy. On average, production of trees with symptom on 20%, 50% or 80% of the canopy respectively dropped by 18%, 38%, and 53% compared to healthy trees. Fruits of symptomatic branches of lemons were 4.22% lighter and the number of dropped fruits did not correlate with symptom severity. Flushing on symptomatic branches started earlier by 15 to 55 days as compared to the healthy branches of lemon and orange. On diseased trees, vegetative and reproductive shoots respectively increased by 24.5% and 17.5% on lemon and by 67.2% and 70.6% on sweet orange, but fruit set was reduced by 12.9% and 19.7% on lemon and orange trees, respectively. ACP reproduced similarly on all tested plants.DiscussionThe fast symptom progress, significant yield reduction, and earlier flushing on diseased trees, providing conditions highly favorable for the pathogen to spread, reinforce the need of prompt diseased tree removal and frequent ACP preventive control to manage HLB in lemons as in any other citrus crop

The direction of UNESP (São Paulo State University) in terms of the Solidarity Economy

This paper aims to report on the University extension activities based on the principles of the Solidarity Economy, developed by teachers and students from several campuses of UNESP, in partnerships with other institutions and the communities involved. In addition to a brief history of the Solidarity Economy in Brazil, and the opportunities and challenges of Technological Incubators for Popular Cooperatives (ITCPs), the paper presents important considerations for an Institutional Program aimed at strengthening and expanding the role of such Incubators at UNESP

A trajetória da UNESP no contexto da Economia Solidária

This paper aims to report on the University extension activities based on the principles of the Solidarity Economy, developed by teachers and students from several campuses of UNESP, in partnerships with other institutions and the communities involved. In addition to a brief history of the Solidarity Economy in Brazil, and the opportunities and challenges of Technological Incubators for Popular Cooperatives (ITCPs), the paper presents important considerations for an Institutional Program aimed at strengthening and expanding the role of such Incubators at UNESP.En este trabajo damos cuenta de las experiencias de extensión universitaria basadas en los principios de la Economía Solidaria que han sido desarrolladas por profesores y estudiantes de diferentes sedes de la UNESP, en colaboración de otras instituciones y comunidades. Además de una breve historia de la Economía Solidaria en Brasil y reflexiones sobre las oportunidades y desafíos de las Incubadoras Tecnológicas de Cooperativas Populares (ITCPs), son presentados los elementos más importantes de un programa institucional para el fortalecimiento y la expansión de las Incubadoras en la UNESP.No presente trabalho, relatam-se experiências de extensão universitária fundamentadas nos princípios da Economia Solidária desenvolvidas pelos servidores docentes, servidores técnico-administrativos e discentes de várias Unidades da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP, em parceria com outras instituições e com as comunidades envolvidas. Além de um breve histórico sobre a temática da Economia Solidária no Brasil e das oportunidades e desafios das Incubadoras Tecnológicas de Cooperativas Populares (ITCPs), apresentam-se importantes subsídios para uma proposta de Programa Institucional de fortalecimento e de expansão das Incubadoras na UNESP