Transport Limitations in Zeolites and Biomass Pyrolysis

Biomass pyrolysis has been widely explored for its potential to generate a sustainable chemical source capable of producing synthetic fuels and chemicals. Lignocellulosic biomass is the carbon rich, inedible fraction of wood that is comprised of long oxygenated biopolymers, primarily cellulose, hemicellulose and the highly aromatic lignin. High temperature thermal conversion of biomass to bio-oil (pyrolysis oil) occurs on the order of milliseconds and converts long chain biopolymers to a carbon-rich liquid crude. The chemistry of biomass pyrolysis is greatly complicated by significant heat and mass transport challenges. The complex fluid dynamics of the reactive liquid intermediate are examined in situ with high temperature spatiotemporally resolved techniques (T = 450 – 1000 °C, 1 µm, 1 ms), chemical analyses and computational fluid dynamics. Discoveries include the mechanism for aerosol generation during pyrolysis, existence and control of the Leidenfrost effect, and understanding bio-oil microexplosions. Zeolites are widely utilized to catalytically upgrade fuels by cracking, hydrogenation and hydrodeoxegenation as well as having applications in separations, sorption, ion-exchange. While new hierarchical materials are synthesized with transport lengthscales that are increasingly smaller, substantial diffusional transport limitations persist in small particles, often dominating the observed rates. The presence of these transport limitations remains a significant technical challenge. In this work, a mechanistic understanding is developed to describe such limitations. The potential for surface barriers to diffusion are experimentally assessed by Zero Length Chromatography and frequency response methods, and further confirmed by dynamic Monte Carlo simulations

Alternativas para gestão do bagaço de laranja

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Curso de Agronomia.O objetivo da pesquisa foi buscar alternativas de atividades econômicas envolvendo a gestão do bagaço de laranja, resíduo da indústria de suco. A pesquisa foi feita através do método de revisão de literatura. O bagaço de laranja possui diversos benefícios na alimentação de ruminantes, pois reduz o risco de acidose ruminal. O bagaço de laranja in natura deve ser armazenado de forma adequada, para manter suas características nutricionais e livre de contaminação, na forma de silagem ou desidratado e peletizado. Os custos na produção da silagem do bagaço de laranja mostram que é uma ótima alternativa para os produtores, pois seu preço foi 4,5 vezes menor em comparação com a silagem de milho. A inclusão na alimentação humana, das fibras do bagaço de laranja em sorvetes e bolos reduziu o teor de lipídeos e valor calórico das receitas. Além do seu uso na alimentação animal e humana, se pode obter também biocombustíveis (bioóleo e etanol), e fazer utilização industrial de óleos essenciais e D-limoneno, que correspondem juntos a 2,71% da laranja inteira.The goal of this research was to find alternatives for economic activities involving the management of a juice’s industry residue, the Orange peel. This work was based on a literature review method. The orange peel has several benefits in ruminant feed as it reduces the risk of ruminal acidosis. In order to keep its nutritional characteristics and to be free of contamination, the fresh orange peel should be properly stored. It should be stored as silage or dehydrated and pelletized. Comparing costs with corn silage, the orange peel silage appears to be a great alternative for producers, being 4.5 times cheaper than corn silage. Adding orange peel’s fibers in human diet, in products such as ice creams and cakes, reduces the lipid rate and also lower the amount of calories in those recipes. In addition to the use in human diet and animal feed, from the orange peel, it is possible to obtain biofuel (ethanol and bio oil), also it can be made industrial use out of essential oils and the substance D-limonene which together corresponds to a percentage of 2.71% from the whole orange

Americas Electoral Future The Coming Generational Transformation

A report building on a previous 2018 report issued by the authors as part of the States of Change project. The 2018 report examined various future presidential election scenarios (from 2020 through 2036) that could occur due to demographic changes at the state and national level over the next several decades. This revised 2020 report updates the scenarios with new demographic projections based on the latest census data, explicitly incorporates gender into the projections and scenarios for the first time, and examines the likely evolution of generational cohorts over the next several decades.

American political affiliation, 2003–43: a cohort component projection

The recent rise and stability in American party identification has focused interest on the long-term dynamics of party bases. Liberal commentators cite immigration and youth as forces which will produce a natural Democratic advantage in the future while conservative writers highlight the importance of high Republican fertility in securing Republican growth. These concerns foreground the neglect of demography within political science. This paper addresses this omission by conducting the first ever cohort component projection of American partisan populations to 2043 based on survey and census data. A number of scenarios are modeled, but, on current trends, we predict that American partisanship will shift much less than the nation’s ethnic composition because the parties’ age structures are similar. Still, our projections find that the Democrats gain two to three percentage points from the Republicans by 2043, mainly through immigration, though Republican fertility may redress the balance in the very long term

Light with tunable non-Markovian phase imprint

We introduce a simple and flexible method to generate spatially non-Markovian light with tunable coherence properties in one and two dimensions. The unusual behavior of this light is demonstrated experimentally by probing the far field and recording its diffraction pattern after a double slit: In both cases we observe instead of a central intensity maximum a line or cross shaped dark region, whose width and profile depend on the non-Markovian coherence properties. Since these properties can be controlled and easily reproduced in experiment, the presented approach lends itself to serve as a testbed to gain a deeper understanding of non-Markovian processes

Protocolo de atuação de admissão e alta de doentes num recobro cirúrgico: precioso ou prescindível?

Relatório de Trabalho de Projeto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Enfermagem Médico-CirúrgicaEste relatório de trabalho de projeto contém, tendo por base as competências do enfermeiro especialista em EMC e de mestre em enfermagem, um Projeto de Intervenção em Serviço subordinado ao tema: Protocolo de atuação de admissão e alta de doentes num recobro cirúrgico: precioso ou prescindível? O mesmo surgiu pelo facto de exercermos no Serviço de Urologia/Cirurgia Vascular de um Hospital da Margem Sul, onde se verifica a inexistência de critérios estabelecidos de entrada e saída dos doentes do recobro e da sistematização de cuidados, sendo que o próprio recobro não é visto como uma unidade de cuidados pós-cirúrgicos diferenciada, mas como uma extensão da "enfermaria". Para o diagnóstico da situação, realizámos uma análise SWOT dos critérios existentes de entrada e de saída dos doentes do recobro. Recorreu-se à escala modificada de Aldrete, utilizada para a alta do doente nas unidades de cuidados pós-anestésicos, e à Escala de Etxebarria, utilizada no transporte de doente crítico. As principais conclusões a que chegamos prendem-se com a constatação de que a existência de um Protocolo com critérios de admissão e alta de doentes do recobro proporcionam a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados prestados aos doentes no recobro de um Serviço de Urologia/Cirurgia Vascular, num Hospital da Margem Sul.Abstract: This report contains, based on the master’s skills, one Intervention Project in service the subject of the admission of action Protocol and high of patients in a surgical recovery room: Precious or dispensable? The same came in that we exercise in the Urology Service / Vascular Surgery Hospital in Region of Lisbon of the South Rim, where he observed a lack of established criteria for entry and exit of patients in the recovery room and the systematization of care, and the recovery room itself is not seen as a unit of differentiated post-surgical care, but as an extension of "nursery". To assess the situation, we conducted a SWOT analysis of the existing criteria for entry and exit from the recovery room patients. Resorted to scale modified Aldrete, used for high patient in the post-anesthesia care units, and Etxebarria Scale, used in the transport of critically ill patients. The main conclusions reached relate to the finding that the existence of a Protocol to the criteria for entry and recovery room of patients output are based on improving the quality of care provided to patients in the recovery room of a Urology / Surgery Service Vascular, a Hospital of the South Rim

Akerman-Teixeira Duo with St. Pius X High School Classical Guitar Orchestra

KSU School of Music presents the Akerman-Teixeira Duo with St. Pius X High School Classical Guitar Orchestra.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/1205/thumbnail.jp

Mountain wave turbulence in the presence of directional wind shear over the Rocky Mountains

Mountain wave turbulence in the presence of directional wind shear over the Rocky Mountains in Colorado is investigated. Pilot Reports (PIREPs) are used to select cases in which moderate or severe turbulence encounters were reported in combination with significant directional wind shear in the upstream sounding from Grand Junction, CO (GJT). For a selected case, semi-idealized numerical simulations are carried out using the WRF-ARW atmospheric model, initialized with the GJT atmospheric sounding and a realistic but truncated orography profile. In order to isolate the role of directional wind shear in causing wave breaking, sensitivity tests are performed to exclude the variation of the atmospheric stability with height, the speed shear, and the mountain amplitude as dominant wave breaking mechanisms. Significant downwind transport of instabilities is detected in horizontal flow cross-sections, resulting in mountain-wave-induced turbulence occurring at large horizontal distances from the first wave breaking point (and from the orography that generates the waves). The existence of an asymptotic wake, as predicted by Shutts for directional shear flows, is hypothesized to be responsible for this downwind transport. Critical levels induced by directional wind shear are further studied by taking 2D power spectra of the magnitude of the horizontal velocity perturbation field. In these spectra, a rotation of the most energetic wave modes with the background wind, as well as perpendicularity between the background wind vector and the wave-number vector of those modes at critical levels, can be found, which is consistent with the mechanism expected to lead to wave breaking in directional shear flows

Simultaneous Bilateral Patellar Tendon Rupture in a Young Adult Male: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

A bilateral patellar tendon rupture is extremely rare and has only been documented in case reports. Although the etiology remains unknown, predisposing factors include steroid usage, systemic diseases, and tendinopathies. In the present case, a healthy 33-year-old male with a prior history of bilateral patellar tendonitis and a diagnosis of Osgood-Schlatter disease during adolescence experienced simultaneous bilateral patellar tendon rupture after playing volleyball. He underwent bilateral patellar repair without complications. In the absence of trauma, spontaneous bilateral patellar tendon ruptures are associated with several predisposing factors, including systemic diseases, prior corticosteroid or fluoroquinolone usage, and history of tendinopathy. Injuries can be classified based on the location of the rupture. Bilateral patellar tendon ruptures can be misdiagnosed due to the rarity of cases and the lack of a normal comparative knee. Radiographic techniques can aid in the diagnosis, leading to early surgical treatment and improved outcomes. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical repair contribute to good functional outcomes in this potentially debilitating injury pattern

Análise da atratividade e satisfação da classe de praças da Força Aérea Portuguesa

Mestrado Bolonha em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisEsta dissertação explora as relações teóricas entre Motivação, Compromisso Organizacional, Preferência por Incentivos e a Atratividade e a Satisfação dos militares da Classe de Praças da Força Aérea Portuguesa. De forma a testar empiricamente estas relações foi realizado um inquérito aos militares da Classe de Praças da Força Aérea. Os dados foram analisados através do Modelo de Equações Estruturais dos Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLS-SEM), com o software SmartPLS 3.0. Os resultados evidenciam que o Compromisso Organizacional está positivamente relacionado com a Preferência por Incentivos Intrínsecos, a Preferência por Incentivos de Suporte, e a Preferência por Incentivos Financeiros. Existe também uma relação positiva entre a Preferência por Incentivos Financeiros e a Satisfação da Classe de Praças. Os resultados mostram também que a Preferência por Incentivos Extrínsecos e a Preferência por Incentivos Financeiros estão positivamente relacionadas com a Atratividade da Classe de Praças. Inversamente, a Preferência por Incentivos de Suporte encontra-se negativamente relacionada com a Atratividade da Classe de Praças.This thesis intends to explore the theoretical relationships among Motivation, Organizational Commitment, Preference for Incentives and Attractiveness and Satisfaction of enlisted ranks of the Portuguese Air Force. To test these empirical relations a survey was designed and distributed to those soldiers. In the scope of data analysis, the Partial Least Squares Structural Equations Model (PLS-SEM) was applied, using the Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results show that Organizational Commitment is positively related to the Preference for Intrinsic Incentives, the Preference for Support Incentives and the Preference for Financial Incentives. There is also a positive relationship between the Preference for Financial Incentives and the Satisfaction of enlisted soldiers. The results also show that the Preference for Extrinsic Incentives and the Preference for Financial Incentives are positively related to the Attractiveness of enlisted ranks. Conversely, the Preference for Support Incentives is negatively related to the Attractiveness of enlisted ranks.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio