Examination of the Relationship between Certain Gene Variations and Psychological Factors with Physical Activity Level in the Individuals with the Diagnosis of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders

The research aims to examine certain gene variations and to examine relationship between psychological factors and activity levels by the individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar diagnosis. This research has been conducted with the participation of the patients with schizophrenia and bipolar diagnosis in the Mental Facility of Bursa Dört Çelik at the University of Health Science and all the patients take part in physical exercise activities regularly. During the research, IPAQ has been applied to determine participants’ physical activity levels whereas Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, Staı Form TX-I-II, Beck’s Hopelessness Index has been applied to determine their psychological status after socio-demographic information of participants was obtained by demographic form. In order to examine properties of the participants genetically, oral swabs were obtained by SWAP kite. Genetic variations of cases have been recurred as a result of genotyping analysis of MAO-A, COMT, TH and SLC6A4 genes in GenoFeel panel by using isolated DNAs yielded from swap samples. When the results obtained from statistical analysis are analyzed, it has been seen that genetic properties pair with psychological factor meanwhile the characteristics of diseases bear a resemblance to these measurement. It was determined in this research that, genetic factor were matched with psychological factors, these measurement results resembled with the characteristic of diagnosed ailments as well and schizophrenia and bipolar patients have significance in MAO-A and COMT figures, excessive activation of TH (tyrosine hydroxylase) enzyme may also be included in excessive dopamine production, Homozygote mutation and heterozygote genotypes of gene which is related to SLC6A has rational increase whereas no significance was observed in schizophrenia patient’s group. As a consequence it shouldn’t be neglected that exercising should be a part of schizophrenia and bipolar patients’ life, that exercise, genetic parameters and psychological tests have positive contributions for treatments and that medical treatment has positive contributions with exercise

İlaç kullanmayan majör depresif bozukluk ve panik bozukluğu hastalarında idrar neopterin düzeyi

Objective: To measure urinary level of pterine which takes place in synthesis of monoamine in major depressive disorder and panic disorder patiens and compare results with healthy group. Methods: Fourteen patients with panic disorder, 26 patients with major depressive disorder and 20 healthy volunteers were included to the study. Beck Depression İnventory, Beck Anxiety İnventory, Panic-Agoraphobia Scale, State-Trait Anxiety İnventory were applied to patients in order to evaluate severity of disorders. Results: Measurement results of neopterin levels were 199.6±90.8 μmol/creatinine in depressive disorder group, 182.9±68.0 μmol/creatinin panic disorder group and 181.4±202.8 μmol/creatinin in control group (p=0.030). Neopterin level in depressive disorder is significantly higher than control group (p=0.015). Conclusion: Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is cofactor of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzymes in synthesis of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine from tyrosine and tryptophan. Rise in plasma levels of neopterine means activation in BH4 synthesis and reduc-tion in monoamine levels. According to the results our study, changes in neopterine and BH4 levels may have influence in appearing depressive disorder more than panic disorder

The relationship between temperament and character features, and social problem solving in psychiatric patients who attempted suicide with drugs: preliminary results

Objective: In order to gather information in a broader sample, the aims of this preliminary study were: 1) to identify psychiatric diagnoses and any history of suicidal thoughts and attempts in people who attempt suicide with drugs, 2) to evaluate the temperament and character features, social problem solving skills of these patients in relation to sociodemographic data and 3) to analyze the correlations between these factors. Methods: Sixty patients between 16 and 49 years old participated in this study. A Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), a Sociodemographic Data Form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and Social Problem Solving Inventory (SPSI) were administered to the participants. Results: According to the SCID-I, 23 (38.3%) of the participants had a major depressive disorder, and 39 (65%) of the participants had a history of previous suicide attempts before this admission. There was a significant relationship between self-esteem scores and the incidence of previous suicide attempts. There were significant (negative) correlations between the harm avoidance, reward dependence, self-directedness and cooperativeness dimensions of the TCI and the problem orientation and problem solving skills subscales of the SPSI. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders are common in individuals who attempt suicide with drugs. These individuals may have a history of one or more suicide attempts before admission. In addition to differences in temperament and character features, this study found significant disorders of cognition and behavior in individuals that had attempted suicide. This result may indicate that dimensions of temperament and character can provide significant indications for cognitive and behavioral disorders. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2014; 15:31-38

EVALUATION OF EATING ATTITUDES, ANGER AND IMPULSIVITY IN ATYPICAL AND NON-ATYPICAL DEPRESSION AND ASSESSMENT OF COMORBIDITY OF BINGE EATING

Background: Although there have been studies investigating emotional eating, impulsivity and anger, the relationship between differentiated eating attitudes, impulsivity and anger in atypical depression has not yet been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate eating attitudes, impulsivity and anger in participants with atypical and non-atypical depression and to compare their behaviours with those of the control group. Binge eating comorbidity was also investigated. The relationship between eating attitudes, impulsivity and anger was explored and the factors contributing to disordered eating attitudes were analysed. Subjects and methods: The participants were divided into three groups; 56 with atypical depression, 36 with non-atypical depression and 32 healthy controls for comparison. Clinical assessment was carried out using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Multidimensional Anger Scale, Eating Attitude Test, and Hamilton Depression Scale. Results: Deteriorated eating attitudes, increased anger symptoms and motor impulsivity were observed more in participants with atypical depression compared with participants with non-atypical depression. The frequency of binge eating was statistically significantly higher in participants with atypical depression (50%) than in participants with non-atypical depression (8%). A positive relationship was identified between deteriorated eating attitude, anger, and impulsivity. Behaving anxiously as a reaction to anger was found to be the significant predictor of disordered eating attitudes in participants with depression. The percentage of the variance explained by anxious behavior in disordered eating attitudes was 7%. Conclusion: Participants in the atypical and non-atypical depression groups can be differentiated from each other based on their eating attitudes, anger symptoms, motor impulsivity and binge eating frequency

Urinary neopterine levels in patients with major depressive disorder: alterations after treatment with paroxetine and comparison with healthy controls

Background: A close relationship has been shown between mood disorders and pteridine levels. The aim of this study was to examine alterations in the urine neopterine levels of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who responded to paroxetine during the initial treatment and to compare their levels to those of healthy controls. Subjects and methods: Sixteen patients with major depression and 19 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. In order to assess depression severity levels, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered. Urinary neopterine values that were measured using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) were compared using non-parametric tests for the MDD patients before and after treatment. Urine neopterine levels in MDD patients before and after treatment were compared to those of the healthy control group. Results: Urinary neopterine levels were recorded as follows: For the MDD group before treatment the mean level was 187.92 +/- 54.79 mu mol/creatinine. The same group under treatment at 4 to 8 weeks was at 188.53 +/- 4962 mu mol/creatinine, and the healthy control group showed 150.57 +/- 152.98 mu mol/creatinine levels. There was no statistically significant difference in the urinary neopterine levels among the MDD patients before and after treatment (p=0.938). When urine neopterine levels in MDD patients before and after treatment were compared to those of the healthy control group, levels in the MDD group were found to be significantly higher (p=0.004 and p=0.005, respectively). Conclusions: Findings from the current study suggest that despite treatment response, depression is related to higher levels of urine neopterine. Paroxetine treatment has no significant effect on urine levels of neopterine in MDD patients

URINARY NEOPTERINE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: ALTERATIONS AFTER TREATMENT WITH PAROXETINE AND COMPARISON WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS

Background: A close relationship has been shown between mood disorders and pteridine levels. The aim of this study was to examine alterations in the urine neopterine levels of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who responded to paroxetine during the initial treatment and to compare their levels to those of healthy controls. Subjects and methods: Sixteen patients with major depression and 19 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. In order to assess depression severity levels, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered. Urinary neopterine values that were measured using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) were compared using non-parametric tests for the MDD patients before and after treatment. Urine neopterine levels in MDD patients before and after treatment were compared to those of the healthy control group. Results: Urinary neopterine levels were recorded as follows: For the MDD group before treatment the mean level was 187.92±54.79 μmol/creatinine. The same group under treatment at 4 to 8 weeks was at 188.53±4962 μmol/creatinine, and the healthy control group showed 150.57±152.98 μmol/creatinine levels. There was no statistically significant difference in the urinary neopterine levels among the MDD patients before and after treatment (p=0.938). When urine neopterine levels in MDD patients before and after treatment were compared to those of the healthy control group, levels in the MDD group were found to be significantly higher (p=0.004 and p=0.005, respectively). Conclusions: Findings from the current study suggest that despite treatment response, depression is related to higher levels of urine neopterine. Paroxetine treatment has no significant effect on urine levels of neopterine in MDD patients

The comparison of risky and ambiguity decision making and cool executive functions between patients with obsessive compulsive disorder and healthy controls

Background: Executive functioning has been evaluated in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Cool and hot executive functioning discrimination provided a different way of conceptualising executive functions. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare ambiguity and risky decision-making and cool executive functions in an OCD and a healthy control group. The relationship between decision-making and cool executive functioning was investigated. Methods: Sixty-two OCD patients and 48 healthy control participants were compared. Decision-making was measured using the Iowa Gambling Task. The cool executive functioning was assessed using the Stroop Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST). Results: The OCD group completed the WCST and the Stroop Test statistically significantly with a lower score than that of the control group. The OCD group had impaired response inhibition and set-shifting that indicate impaired cool executive functioning. In contrast to a lack of a statistically significant difference, the risky decision-making performance was worse in the OCD group than in the healthy control group and in the unmedicated OCD patients than in the medicated OCD patients. Discussion: The OCD patients had a poorer performance in risky decision-making and cool executive functioning. There was a link between risky decision-making performance and impaired cool executive functions

Acute effects of different types of exercises on insulin-like growth factor-1, homocysteine and cortisol levels in veteran athletes

This study aimed to investigate acute effects of table tennis(physical+cognitive exercise), aerobic running (physical exercise), and chess (cognitive exercise) exercise sessions of veteran male athletes in their branches on the serum homocysteine (Hcy), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and cortisol (Cor) levels. Thirty veteran athletes [10 table tennis players (TT), 10 long-distance runners (LR), 10 chess players (CP)] and 10 sedentary controls (SC) between 50 and 65 years of age participated in the study. Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after exercise to determine serum Hcy, IGF-1, and Cor levels. According to their branch, each veteran athlete performed exercise sessions (70-75% of the participants' heart rate reserve) of 10-min of warm-up followed by 40-min of table tennis, aerobic running, or chess. TT and LR groups demonstrated significant increases in the serum IGF-1, Cor, and Hcy levels from pre to post-exercise (p0.05). LR group had a greater serum Cor increase than all exercise groups (p<0.05). The TT group showed significantly greater changes in serum Cor levels than the CP group (p<0.05). In conclusion, although a single bout of aerobic running and table tennis exercise induces a remarkable increase in all measured biomarkers, chess exercise only elicits an increase in Hcy levels. Although aerobic running is more effective in increasing Cor levels than other types of exercise, the current study's findings suggest that serum Hcy and IGF-1 levels in veteran male athletes are not affected by the type of exercise

Psychiatric assessment of patients with irritable bowel sendrome

YÖK Tez ID: 164269ÖZET Taymur İ. İrritabl Barsak Sendromu Hastalarının Psikiyatrik Yönden Değerlendirilmesi, Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı Uzmanlık Tezi, Kırıkkale, 2005 İrritabl barsak sendromu (İBS), belirgin bir patoloji göstermeksizin, etyolojisi tam olarak bilinmeyen, fonksiyonel gastrointestinal sendromlar (FGS) (Functional gastrointestinal disease, FGDI) arasında yer almakta olup gastroenteroloji bölümüne başvuran hastalar arasında ilk sıralan almaktadır. Bu güne kadar ÎBS etyolojisi ile ilişkili yapılan bazı çalışmalarda, hastalığın psikiyatrik yakınmalarla bağlantılı olabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bizim çalışmamızda İBS hastalarının psikiyatrik açıdan değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dahiliye bölümünde Roma II tam kriterlerine göre İBS tanısı alan 34 hasta dahil edildi. Kontrol grubu ise 32 sağlıklı gönüllüden oluşturuldu. İBS yakınması olan ve sağlıklı kontroller DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders-IV, American Psychiatric Association) tanı ve değerlendirme sistemine göre psikiyatrik yönden değerlendirildi ve Mizaç ve Karakter Anketi (MKA) (Temperment and Character Invantory-TCI), Durumluk-Süreklilik Kaygı Anketi-I (State and Trate Anxiety Inventory-II, STAI-II) ve Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği (TAÖ) (Toronto Alexitimia Scale, TAS) ölçekleri uygulandı. İBS yakınması olan hastaların yaş ortalaması 36.4Ü8.5; ortalama hastalık süresi 6.65±5.8 yıl idi. Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımı bakımından fark yoktu ( sırasıyla p=0.354, p=0.803). İBS yakınması olan hastaların %76.5' inde psikiyatrik bozukluk tespit edildi. İBS yakınması olan hastalarda STAI-II puanı kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (sırasıyla 49.15±7.4 ve 41.25±8.16, p=0.001). İBS yakınması olan hastalarda TAÖ puanı kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak daha yüksek (sırasıyla 1 1.18±3.4ve 8.5±4.5, p=0.007) ve TCI alt ölçeklerinden zarardan kaçınma ve kendini aşma puanlan ÎBS grubunda kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla p=0.023, p=0.039). Sonuç olarak İBS yakınması olan hastalarda TAÖ ve STAI-II puanlarının yüksek; TCI alt ölçeklerinden, mizaç olarak zarardan kaçman, karakter olarak kendini aşma özelliklerinin belirgin olduğu, %76.5 nin psikiyatrik bir tanı aldığı bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada saptanan bulgular, bu güne kadar İBS ve psikiyatrik bozukluklar arasındaki ilişkiyi gösteren verilerleVI uyumludur. Buna göre, İBS hastalığının etiyopatogenezinde psikiyatrik bozuklukların ya da mizaç ve karakter özelliklerinin katkısı olabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İrritabl barsak sendromu, mizaç, karakter, psikiyatrik tanıvıı ABSTRACT Taymur İ. Psychiatric Assessment of patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Kırıkkale University, Faculity of Medicine, Psychiatry Department. Thesis of Speciality 2005 Irritable Bowel Syndrome is one of the functional gastrointestinal diseases wihich has no spesific pathologic manifestation and aetiology of which has not been clarified. IBS is one of the major problems in patients who appeal to gastroenterology clinics. To day, several studies concerning aetiology of IBS has proven association between psychiatric complaints and illness. In this study our purpose is psychiatric screening of patients with IBS. Among the patients who appeal to Kırıkkale University Faculity of Medicine internal Diseases Department, 34 patients with IBS according to Roma II Diagnostic Criterias were inserted to study. Control group was consist of 32 healthy volunteers. Psychiatric assessment was based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteras and all patients were applied to Temperment and Character Inventory (TCI), State and Trate Anxiety Inventory-II (STAI-II) and Toronto Alexitimia Scale (TAS). Mean age in patients with IBS was 36.41±8.5 and mean of period illness was 6.65+5.8 years. There was no difference according to age and gender between patient and healthy groups (respectively p=0.534, p=0.803). %76.5 of IBS patients had a psychiatric disease in patients with IBS. In IBS patient group, mean STAI-II score was significiantly higher than control group, (respectively 49.15±7.4 and 41.25±8.16,p=0.007) and mean TAS score was significiantly higher than control group (respectively 18+3.4 and 8.5±4.5, p=0.007). Among TCI subscales harm avoidance and self-transcendence mean score was significiantly higher in IBS patient group than health controls (p=0.023, p=0.039) In conclusion, we found that in patients with IBS symptomatology, TAS and STAI-II mean score were higher and in TCI subscales, harm avoidant temperament and self- transcendent character were dominant and %76.5 of them had a psychiatric diagnose. Findings of this study is proper with the data that shows association between IBS and psychiatric disorders. With respect to this psychiatric disorders or temperamental and characterological properties can have a role in aetiopathogenesis of IBS. Key words: Irritable Bowel Syndrome, temperament, character and psychiatric diagnos

İrritabl barsak sendromu hastalarının psikiyatrik yönden değerlendirilmesi

Tez (Tıpta Uzmanlık) -- Kırıkkale Üniversitesi79011