Wage Inequality, Linkages and FDI

This paper extends the existing literature on FDI and wage inequality. We do this in two ways. Firstly, we incorporate more precise measures of inward investment into the model, by allowing for differences in the effects between horizontal and vertical FDI. Secondly, after establishing the effects that inward investment has on wage inequality, we then analyse the reasons for this in terms of the wages paid to skilled and unskilled workers, and the effect that inward investment has on this. We illustrate the important differences that horizontal and vertical FDI have on both wages and wage inequality, and the importance of allowing for regional differences in the results. FDI nationally tends to increase wage inequality, while the local, effects are opposite. FDI into assisted areas tends to increase wage inequality nationally, when the MNEs purchase inputs in the local region.wage inequality, FDI spillovers, backwards and forwards linkages

Spillovers from FDI and Skill Structures of Host-Country Firms

This paper uses panel data across UK manufacturing from 1983 to 1992, to test whether inward flows of FDI have contributed to increasing trends in the employment of relatively higher skilled individuals. Moreover, the paper isolates the effect on domestic firms, and shows that this effect is a function of the size of the foreign productivity advantage. The results show, that even after controlling for the factors most commonly used to explain relative employment shifts – namely technological change and import intensity, that FDI has a role to play in influencing employment trends.multinationals; spillovers; relative employment

Structural Response of a Large Pressure Vessel to Dynamic Loading

This report presents a feasibility study on structural analysis of pressure-containing structures subject to external blast loads using finite element and volume simulation software. A basic understanding of the main factors influencing the results of such analyses was established in an earlier study. An extensive series of computations have now been performed and the results are presented and discussed in detail in this report. These involve a 3-D simulation of a large steel vessel of hypothetical design containing pressurised water and subject to an explosive blast from a charge located directly underneath the lower torispherical end. The top is closed by a flat lid arrangement. The properties of the explosive material, the air and water environments and the vessel steel were taken from the literature. For the latter, elastic-plastic material properties at 20°C have been considered. The vessel is located in a bunker and by using FSR boundary conditions the reflections of the pressure waves on the bunker walls are also considered. To provide a cross-check on the computational results, some simplified analyses were performed using engineering and empirical formulae to estimate the pressure loads need to produce yielding and failure of the vessel, as well as of the corresponding quantities of explosives that would be needed to produce sufficient shock wave pressures.JRC.F.4-Safety of future nuclear reactor

Uncertainty in climate change impacts on basin-scale freshwater resources – preface to the special issue: the QUEST-GSI methodology and synthesis of results

This paper presents a preface to this Special Issue on the results of the QUEST-GSI (Global Scale Impacts) project on climate change impacts on catchment-scale water resources. A detailed description of the unified methodology, subsequently used in all studies in this issue, is provided. The project method involved running simulations of catchment-scale hydrology using a unified set of past and future climate scenarios, to enable a consistent analysis of the climate impacts around the globe. These scenarios include "policy-relevant" prescribed warming scenarios. This is followed by a synthesis of the key findings. Overall, the studies indicate that in most basins the models project substantial changes to river flow, beyond that observed in the historical record, but that in many cases there is considerable uncertainty in the magnitude and sign of the projected changes. The implications of this for adaptation activities are discussed

Access to records of crime at The National Archives

In this article Nigel Taylor aims to give an insight into how The National Archives is dealing with the issues concerning access to records of criminals and crime at The National Archives, covering the implications of the Freedom of Information and data protection legislation and the EU right to be forgotten ruling

New Analytical Stress Formulae for Arbitrary Time Dependent Thermal Loads in Pipes

Analytical solutions with several new features have been developed for temperature and elastic thermal stress distributions for a hollow circular cylinder under sinusoidal thermal transient loading at the inner surface. The approach uses a finite Hankel transform in a general form for any transient thermal loading for a hollow cylinder. Using the properties of Bessel functions, an analytical solution for temperature distribution through wall thickness was derived for a special case of sinusoidal transient thermal loading on inner pipe surface. The solutions for associated thermal stress components were developed by means of the displacement technique. To the authors’ knowledge, this is first time a complete set of such analytical expressions has been openly published.JRC.F.4-Nuclear design safet

Socio-economic status and population density risk factors for psychosis : prospective incidence study in the Maltese Islands

The aim of the study is to determine the incidence of patients suffering from psychosis and requiring admission to hospital. The study also intended to gain further epidemiological information, specifically in relation to population density and socio-economic status, as well as ethnicity, and to examine any differences between the six districts of the Maltese Islands. Based on the evidence from previous studies, Professionals hypothesized that a higher incidence of psychosis would be found in the lower socio-economic region, the more densely populated regions and among ‘irregular’ migrants.This was a prospective cross-sectional study of the incidence of psychosis in patients requiring admission to hospital. The sample comprised all patients newly admitted, with a diagnosis of psychosis, to a psychiatric ward at any of the three government hospitals between 1 May 2007 and 30 April 2008. There were no exclusion criteria related to age, gender or ethnicity.peer-reviewe