Feeding habits of Enyalius perditus (Squamata: Leiosauridae) in an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil

Hábitos alimentares de Enyalius perditus (Squamata: Leiosauridae) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no sudeste do Brasil. O objetivo do presente estudo foi fornecer informações sobre hábitos alimentares e outros aspectos ecológicos do lagarto Enyalius perditus em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no estado do Rio de Janeiro, sudeste do Brasil. No Rio de Janeiro, os indivíduos de E. perditus alimentaram-se predominantemente de artrópodes, como lagartas, isópodes e aranhas, como é típico de lagartos desse gênero. Não houve variação pronunciada nos principais tipos de presas consumidas entre essa e outras populações de E. perditus estudadas, apesar de haver diferenças potenciais nos suprimentos alimentares entre ambientes. Os indivíduos consumiram fragmentos de folhas mortas, ingeriram presas comumente encontradas na serapilheira (e.g., Isopoda e larvas de Coleoptera) e foram algumas vezes encontrados no chão ou capturados em armadilhas-de-queda durante os trabalhos de campo, o que sugere que esses lagartos utilizam a serapilheira do chão da floresta para o forrageio e outras atividades, embora também utilizem poleiros acima do nível do chão.Feeding habits of Enyalius perditus (Squamata: Leiosauridae) in an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. In the present study, we aimed to provide information regarding feeding habits and other ecological aspects of Enyalius perditus in an Atlantic Forest remnant in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Enyalius perditus individuals in Rio de Janeiro fed predominantly upon arthropods such as caterpillars, isopods, and spiders, as is typical of lizards in the genus. There were no pronounced variations in the main types of prey consumed between this and other populations of E. perditus studied in spite of potential differences in local food supplies between environments. The individuals consumed fragments of dead leaves, ingested prey commonly found in leaf litter (e.g., Isopoda and Coleoptera larvae), and were sometime

DESiRED -- Dynamic, Enhanced, and Smart iRED: A P4-AQM with Deep Reinforcement Learning and In-band Network Telemetry

Active Queue Management (AQM) is a mechanism employed to alleviate transient congestion in network device buffers, such as routers and switches. Traditional AQM algorithms use fixed thresholds, like target delay or queue occupancy, to compute random packet drop probabilities. A very small target delay can increase packet losses and reduce link utilization, while a large target delay may increase queueing delays while lowering drop probability. Due to dynamic network traffic characteristics, where traffic fluctuations can lead to significant queue variations, maintaining a fixed threshold AQM may not suit all applications. Consequently, we explore the question: \textit{What is the ideal threshold (target delay) for AQMs?} In this work, we introduce DESiRED (Dynamic, Enhanced, and Smart iRED), a P4-based AQM that leverages precise network feedback from In-band Network Telemetry (INT) to feed a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) model. This model dynamically adjusts the target delay based on rewards that maximize application Quality of Service (QoS). We evaluate DESiRED in a realistic P4-based test environment running an MPEG-DASH service. Our findings demonstrate up to a 90x reduction in video stall and a 42x increase in high-resolution video playback quality when the target delay is adjusted dynamically by DESiRED.Comment: Preprint (Computer Networks under review

Robust automated cardiac arrhythmia detection in ECG beat signals

Nowadays, millions of people are affected by heart diseases worldwide, whereas a considerable amount of them could be aided through an electrocardiogram (ECG) trace analysis, which involves the study of arrhythmia impacts on electrocardiogram patterns. In this work, we carried out the task of automatic arrhythmia detection in ECG patterns by means of supervised machine learning techniques, being the main contribution of this paper to introduce the optimum-path forest (OPF) classifier to this context. We compared six distance metrics, six feature extraction algorithms and three classifiers in two variations of the same dataset, being the performance of the techniques compared in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. Although OPF revealed a higher skill on generalizing data, the support vector machines (SVM)-based classifier presented the highest accuracy. However, OPF shown to be more efficient than SVM in terms of the computational time for both training and test phases

"A Nova Eletricidade: Aplica\c{c}\~oes, Riscos e Tend\^encias da IA Moderna -- "The New Electricity": Applications, Risks, and Trends in Current AI

The thought-provoking analogy between AI and electricity, made by computer scientist and entrepreneur Andrew Ng, summarizes the deep transformation that recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have triggered in the world. This chapter presents an overview of the ever-evolving landscape of AI, written in Portuguese. With no intent to exhaust the subject, we explore the AI applications that are redefining sectors of the economy, impacting society and humanity. We analyze the risks that may come along with rapid technological progress and future trends in AI, an area that is on the path to becoming a general-purpose technology, just like electricity, which revolutionized society in the 19th and 20th centuries. A provocativa compara\c{c}\~ao entre IA e eletricidade, feita pelo cientista da computa\c{c}\~ao e empreendedor Andrew Ng, resume a profunda transforma\c{c}\~ao que os recentes avan\c{c}os em Intelig\^encia Artificial (IA) t\^em desencadeado no mundo. Este cap\'itulo apresenta uma vis\~ao geral pela paisagem em constante evolu\c{c}\~ao da IA. Sem pretens\~oes de exaurir o assunto, exploramos as aplica\c{c}\~oes que est\~ao redefinindo setores da economia, impactando a sociedade e a humanidade. Analisamos os riscos que acompanham o r\'apido progresso tecnol\'ogico e as tend\^encias futuras da IA, \'area que trilha o caminho para se tornar uma tecnologia de prop\'osito geral, assim como a eletricidade, que revolucionou a sociedade dos s\'eculos XIX e XX.Comment: In Portugues

Lista de gêneros de Hymenoptera (Insecta) do Espírito Santo, Brasil

The first checklist of genera of Hymenoptera from Espírito Santo state, Brazil is presented. A total of 973 genera of Hymenoptera is listed, of which 555 (57%) are recorded for the first time from this state. Ichneumonoidea and Chalcidoidea are the two superfamilies with the most genera, 241 and 203 respectively. Braconidae, with 141 genera, are the richest family.The first checklist of genera of Hymenoptera from Espírito Santo state, Brazil is presented. A total of 973 genera of Hymenoptera is listed, of which 555 (57%) are recorded for the first time from this state. Ichneumonoidea and Chalcidoidea are the two superfamilies with the most genera, 241 and 203 respectively. Braconidae, with 141 genera, are the richest family.Fil: Azevedo, Celso O.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Molin, Ana Dal. Texas A&M University; Estados UnidosFil: Penteado-Dias, Angelica. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Macedo, Antonio C. C.. Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo; BrasilFil: Rodriguez-V, Beatriz. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Dias, Bianca Z. K.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Waichert, Cecilia. State University of Utah; Estados UnidosFil: Aquino, Daniel Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Smith, David. Smithsonian Institution; Estados UnidosFil: Shimbori, Eduardo M.. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Noll, Fernando B.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Gibson, Gary. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; CanadáFil: Onody, Helena. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Carpenter, James M.. American Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Lattke, John. Universidad Nacional de Loja; EcuadorFil: Ramos, Kelli dos S.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Williams, Kevin. Florida State Collection of Arthropods; Estados UnidosFil: Masner, Lubomir. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; CanadáFil: Kimsey, Lynn. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Tavares, Marcelo T.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Olmi, Massimo. Università degli Studi della Tuscia; ItaliaFil: Buffington, Matthew L.. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados UnidosFil: Ohl, Michael. Staatliches Museum fur Naturkunde Stuttgart; AlemaniaFil: Sharkey, Michael. University of Kentucky; Estados UnidosFil: Johnson, Norman F.. Ohio State University; Estados UnidosFil: Kawada, Ricardo. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Gonçalves, Rodrigo B.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Feitosa, Rodrigo. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Heydon, Steven. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Guerra, Tânia M.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: da Silva, Thiago S. R.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Costa, Valmir. Instituto Biológico; Brasi

PROTAGONISMO DO ENFERMEIRO NO PROCESSO DE CICATRIZAÇÃO DAS FERIDAS CRÔNICAS: UM ENSAIO DA LITERATURA

Introduction: Chronic wounds are a type of lesion that has its healing process stagnated for a period of six weeks or more, despite adequate treatment. Objectives: to understand the role of nurses in the assessment and treatment of chronic wounds and to describe their performance in the face of the systematization of nursing care in the care process. Methodology: This is a literature search with a qualitative approach. The data were collected in a virtual database. For this purpose, the Virtual Health Library (VHL) was used, in the following information base: LILACS; BDENF and MEDLINE in the period from March to April 2021. After the association of all descriptors, 85 articles were found, 70 were excluded and 15 articles were selected. Results and Discussion: After reflective reading and repetition of the themes developed in the articles found, two categories emerged: the role of the nurse in the assessment and treatment of chronic wounds and the role of the nurse in the systematization of nursing care in the care process. Conclusion: It is concluded that it is of great relevance that the dermatologist nurse has theoretical and scientific knowledge about chronic wounds for implementation in practice and, thus, to meet the demands arising from the patient, considering that, care for the patient with a chronic wound needs to be holistically targeted.Introducción: Las heridas crónicas son un tipo de lesión que tiene su proceso de cicatrización estancado por un período de seis semanas o más, a pesar de un tratamiento adecuado. Objetivos: comprender el papel del enfermero en la evaluación y tratamiento de las heridas crónicas y describir su desempeño frente a la sistematización del cuidado de enfermería en el proceso asistencial. Metodología: Se trata de una búsqueda bibliográfica con enfoque cualitativo. Los datos se recopilaron en una base de datos virtual. Para ello se utilizó la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), en la siguiente base de información: LILACS; BDENF y MEDLINE en el período de marzo a abril de 2021. Tras la asociación de todos los descriptores, se encontraron 85 artículos, se excluyeron 70 y se seleccionaron 15 artículos. Resultados y Discusión: Luego de la lectura reflexiva y repetición de los temas desarrollados en los artículos encontrados, surgieron dos categorías: el rol del enfermero en la evaluación y tratamiento de las heridas crónicas y el rol del enfermero en la sistematización del cuidado de enfermería en el cuidado. proceso. Conclusión: Se concluye que es de gran relevancia que el enfermero dermatólogo cuente con conocimientos teóricos y científicos sobre las heridas crónicas para su implementación en la práctica y, así, atender las demandas que surjan del paciente, considerando que, el cuidado del paciente con una enfermedad crónica. La herida debe ser dirigida de manera integral.Introdução: As feridas crônicas constituem-se um tipo de lesão que tem seu processo de cicatrização estagnado por um período de seis semanas ou mais, apesar do tratamento adequado. Objetivos: compreender o protagonismo do enfermeiro frente à avaliação e tratamento de feridas crônicas e descrever a sua atuação diante a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem no processo do cuidado. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados em base de dados virtuais. Para tal utilizou-se a Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), na seguinte base de informação: LILACS; BDENF e MEDLINE no período de março e abril de 2021. Após a associação de todos os descritores foram encontrados 85 artigos, excluídos 70 e selecionados 15 artigos. Resultados e Discussão: Posterior à leitura reflexiva e repetição das temáticas desenvolvidas nos artigos encontrados, emergiram duas categorias: Protagonismo do enfermeiro frente à avaliação e tratamento de feridas crônicas e Atuação do enfermeiro frente a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem no processo do cuidado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que é de grande relevância que o enfermeiro dermatologista tenha conhecimento teórico-cientifico sobre as feridas crônicas para implementação na prática e assim, atender as demandas advindas do paciente, tendo em vista que, o cuidado com o paciente com ferida crônica precisa ser direcionado de forma holística. &nbsp

Erica: Prevalences Of Hypertension And Obesity In Brazilian Adolescents

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS: We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95% CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95% CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95% CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95% CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95% CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95% CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95% CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95% CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS: ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5.501Brazilian Department of Science and Technology at the Secretariat of Science and TechnologyStrategic Inputs of the Ministry of Health (Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia da Secretaria de Ciencia e Tecnologia e Insumos Estrategicos do Ministerio da Saude - Decit/SCTIE/MS)Health Fund Sector (Fundo Setorial de Saude - CT-health) at the Ministry of science, Technology and Innovation (Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao - MCTI)FINEP [01090421]CNPq [2010/565037-2]hospital research incentive fund for Clinics in Porto Alegre (fundo de incentivo a Pesquisa do Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre - HCPA) [405,009/FIPE-2012-7]Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq