Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Tani Dan Penanganan Pascapanen Cabai Merah

Analisis ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kegiatan USAha tani dan penanganan pascapanen cabai merah untukmeningkatan nilai jual dan daya simpan dalam upaya menunjang penyediaan bahan baku industri dan meningkatkanpendapatan petani. Analisis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwakomoditas cabai merah berciri komersial dan memiliki nilai ekonomi cukup tinggi. Pada lahan kering, tingkatproduktivitas varietas Tombak mencapai 6 t/ha, varietas Tanjung-2 5,70 t/ha, dan varietas Lembang-1 4,50 t/ha.Biaya produksi ketiga varietas tersebut masing-masing Rp10,15 juta/ha, dengan tingkat pendapatan Rp21,77 jutauntuk varietas Tombak, Rp19,74 juta untuk Tanjung-2, dan Rp11,20 juta untuk Lembang-1. Pengusahaan ketigavarietas tersebut layak secara teknis dan ekonomis dengan B/C masing-masing 3,14; 2,94; dan 2,10. Penggunaanmulsa dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani, yaitu Rp10,38 juta untuk mulsa plastik hitam, Rp7,34 juta untukmulsa jerami padi, dan Rp3,64 juta/ha untuk mulsa sekam. Namun, hanya mulsa plastik hitam dan jerami padi yanglayak secara ekonomi dengan B/C masing-masing 1,68 dan 1,27. Penanganan pascapanen cabai masih sederhanasehingga tingkat kerusakannya cukup tinggi, mencapai 40%. Oleh karena itu, penanganan pascapanen cabai merahperlu diperbaiki mulai dari panen, pengemasan, pengangkutan hingga penyimpanan untuk meningkatkan dayasimpan, nilai jual produk, dan pendapatan petani

Respon Varietas Jagung terhadap Pupuk Nitrogen di Lahan Sawah dan Lahan Kering

Hara nitrogen merupakan hara makro yang penting bagi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung, sementara itu ketersediaan di dalam tanah tidak cukup bagi tanaman. Kajian untuk mengetahui respon sembilan varietas jagung terhadap peningkatan dosis pupuk nitrogen telah dilakukan di lahan sawah dan lahan kering Kabupaten Bantaeng, Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Mei-Desember 2009. Percobaan ditata dalam rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor I adalah sembilan varietas jagung dan faktor II dua dosis pupuk Nitrogen (200 dan 400 kg N/ha). Ukuran petak 3 m x 5 m, jarak tanam 75 cm x 20 cm, 2 biji/lubang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot tongkol, bobot 1000 biji dan tinggi letak tongkol jagung dipengaruhi oleh interaksi tiga faktor (lokasi x varietas x pupuk), sehingga untuk mendapatkan keragaan yang optimal untuk karakter tersebut membutuhkan kombinasi perlakuan lokasi, varietas dan pupuk N tertentu (spesifik lokasi). Pola respon varietas jagung terhadap pupuk N di lahan sawah berbeda dengan pola respon varietas terhadap pupuk N di lahan kering, di mana respon positif varietas terhadap pupuk N ditemukan di lahan sawah, tetapi respon negatif terdapat di lahan kering. Respon positif terbaik terhadap pupuk N di lahan sawah terdapat pada varietas Lokal B kuning dan X01904, sementara respon negative terkecil di lahan kering terdapat pada varietas X02804. Berdasarkan bobot tongkol, varietas Bima 1 dan X01904 layak dikembangkan di lahan sawah Kabupaten Bantaeng, dan varietas Bima 1, X02904, dan X03604 cukup prospektif untuk lahan kering Kabupaten Bantaeng, Sulawesi Selatan

Analisis Perilaku Indeks Kekeringan di Wilayah Rentan Kebakaran, Sumatra Selatanbehavior Analysis Of Drought Index In Fire-prone Region Of South Sumatra

Climate dynamics has a vital role in changing upper soil moisture that influences drought period and occurence especially for fire-prone region in South Sumatra Indonesia. Drought occurrence causes abundant dry fuel being available at peat forest ecosystem that might rise of fire risk and danger in the region. Using daily maximum air temperature and rainfall data for period of 1984-2009, we calculated daily Keetch-Byram drought index (KBDI) as an index for assessing fire danger potential. The index was gropued into three categories comprising low, moderate, and high fire danger levels. Temporally, we found that fire danger level at the study area site are able to be grouped as follows: period of December to April was categorized low, period of July to October as high, and the remaining months as moderate. El Nino event had a severe influence on the severity and the duration of high KBDI that occurred until the end of November which normally a rainy season. Other finding is that there was a significant change (α=5%) on the rise of annual high KBDI frequency and average KBDI for period of 1984-2009, conversely frequency of rainy days decreased significantly. Information about when KBDI level reach high fire danger is of important for forest fire mangament in the region.Climate dynamics has a vital role in changing upper soil moisture that influences drought period and occurence especially for fire-prone region in South Sumatra Indonesia. Drought occurrence causes abundant dry fuel being available at peat forest ecosystem that might rise of fire risk and danger in the region. Using daily maximum air temperature and rainfall data for period of 1984-2009, we calculated daily Keetch-Byram drought index (KBDI) as an index for assessing fire danger potential. The index was gropued into three categories comprising low, moderate, and high fire danger levels. Temporally, we found that fire danger level at the study area site are able to be grouped as follows: period of December to April was categorized low, period of July to October as high, and the remaining months as moderate. El Nino event had a severe influence on the severity and the duration of high KBDI that occurred until the end of November which normally a rainy season. Other finding is that there was a significant change (α=5%) on the rise of annual high KBDI frequency and average KBDI for period of 1984-2009, conversely frequency of rainy days decreased significantly. Information about when KBDI level reach high fire danger is of important for forest fire mangament in the region

Analisis Tren Iklim dan Ketersediaan Air Tanah di Palembang, Sumatra Selatanclimate And Soil Water Trends Analysis For Palembang Region, South Sumatra

Long-term climate trend is being one of greatest research interests amongst climate scientists around the world to see whether climate change occurs or not at local, regional or global scale. However, only a few studies are available that discusses trend of climate extreme in equatorial climate, Indonesia. This paper tries to analyze climate trend and its impact to water availability in Palembang region using daily rainfall and air temperature data for the year of 1984-2009. Trend analysis was performed using Mann-Kendall test at α equal to 5%. We found that daily air temperature indicated that the rise of maximum, average, and minimum temperatures has occurred with statistically significant changes during the observation period. However, daily temperature range did not significantly change. We didn\u27t find any significant change for rainfall predictors except the number of rainfall event that significantly showed a decrease trend. With a simple water balance, we calculated monthly soil water content indicating that its\u27 decline was statistically significant (α=5%). With these findings, we have not made a conclusion whether climate change occurred or not yet, until influence of local effect such as urban heat island clearly explained.Long-term climate trend is being one of greatest research interests amongst climate scientists around the world to see whether climate change occurs or not at local, regional or global scale. However, only a few studies are available that discusses trend of climate extreme in equatorial climate, Indonesia. This paper tries to analyze climate trend and its impact to water availability in Palembang region using daily rainfall and air temperature data for the year of 1984-2009. Trend analysis was performed using Mann-Kendall test at α equal to 5%. We found that daily air temperature indicated that the rise of maximum, average, and minimum temperatures has occurred with statistically significant changes during the observation period. However, daily temperature range did not significantly change. We didn\u27t find any significant change for rainfall predictors except the number of rainfall event that significantly showed a decrease trend. With a simple water balance, we calculated monthly soil water content indicating that its\u27 decline was statistically significant (α=5%). With these findings, we have not made a conclusion whether climate change occurred or not yet, until influence of local effect such as urban heat island clearly explained

COMPARISON OF CURRENT CONTROL METHODS ON CARRIER BASED VSI-PWM INVERTER DRIVES FROM LINE POWER QUALITY ASPECT

This paper describes simulation result of two methods in current controlling for carrier based VSI-PWM inverter: hysteresis and ramp comparison control.  The simulation useful in selection of ASDs and generally–converter, from power quality point of view. Simulation result show that both ramp comparison and hysteresis control methods  gives difference characteristic on line voltage and line current. A ramp comparison method is better in form of lower effect on line current distortion compare with hysteresis control method. Meanwhile, for line voltage distortion, hysteresis control seen better

ANALISIS INDEKS BAHAYA KEBAKARAN HUTAN UNTUK WILAYAH RIAU, INDONESIAANALYSIS OF FOREST FIRE DANGER INDEX FOR RIAU REGION, INDONESIA

Forest fire is one of the greatest environmental problems faced by Indonesia particularly in Riau region. It may be anticipated by developing early warning system to assess forest fire danger. In this paper, the assessment of forest fire danger was conducted by using the Keetch Byram Drought Index (KBDI) model. This Paper presents our research in Riau region that aimed to study the behavior of the model and to modify the model to satisfy local climate condition of Riau region. The model was applied for climate data in four selected weather station i.e Pekanbaru, Japura Rengat, Dabo Singkep and Tanjung Pinang for the period of 1989-2008. We classified fire danger level into four categories including low, moderate, high, and extreme. We found that temporal distribution of the danger level varies among stations and reached extreme fire danger level during September-October. Our modification to the model obtained new drought factor formula having lower value than the original drought factor of the model. It resulted in lower modified KBDI (mKBDI) than the original KBDI values.Forest fire is one of the greatest environmental problems faced by Indonesia particularly in Riau region. It may be anticipated by developing early warning system to assess forest fire danger. In this paper, the assessment of forest fire danger was conducted by using the Keetch Byram Drought Index (KBDI) model. This Paper presents our research in Riau region that aimed to study the behavior of the model and to modify the model to satisfy local climate condition of Riau region. The model was applied for climate data in four selected weather station i.e Pekanbaru, Japura Rengat, Dabo Singkep and Tanjung Pinang for the period of 1989-2008. We classified fire danger level into four categories including low, moderate, high, and extreme. We found that temporal distribution of the danger level varies among stations and reached extreme fire danger level during September-October. Our modification to the model obtained new drought factor formula having lower value than the original drought factor of the model. It resulted in lower modified KBDI (mKBDI) than the original KBDI values

Baseflow Index Analysis for Bengawan Solo River, Indonesia

Hydrological investigation for major Java rivers remains research challenge todays, particularly in identification of runoff characteristics situated in monsoonal climate. This study aims to investigate the value of baseflow index for Bengawan Solo river. We employed daily streamflow data for period 1980-2010 to derive baseflow index (BFI) based on the smoothed minima. We utilized different approaches comprising the non-overlapping 3 days (BFI3), 5 days (BFI5), and 7 days (BFI7) of streamflow to compute the index. We found the average BFI3, BFI5, and BFI7 for this study period are 0.67, 0.56, and 0.49, respectively. It revealed that higher number of non-overlapping days would produce lower BFI, which could be an indication of less baseflow contribution to total streamflow. Additionally, our findings show there is an increasing trend of BFI in the last decade that may be associated with decreasing forest cover in the catchment area. Furthermore, the BFI value will provide a valuable information for key leader in water sector in particular during dry season, and further research is needed to integrate this BFI into sustainable water management index

TINJAUAN DEBIT PADA SUMUR AIR TANAH BERBASIS POMPA AIR TENAGA SURYA

TINJAUAN DEBIT PADA SUMUR AIR TANAH BERBASIS POMPA AIR TENAGASURY