Stickstoffflüsse im System Boden-Pflanze nach einer Grünlanderneuerung mit eingeschobener Ackerzwischennutzung

An Experiment to examine the nitrogen fluxes after ploughing up and resowing grassland was conducted on the organic experimental station “Lindhof” in northern Germany. The trial was implemented on a uniform grassland site (since 1993) focussing on the factors grassland resowing, fertilisation with organic cattle slurry (0/230 kg ha-1) and year of renovation (2005, 2006, 2008). The factor grassland resowing further involved the following treatments: 1. undisturbed control, 2. ploughing up and resowing grassland in late summer, 3. ploughing up of grassland in autumn followed by winter wheat and grassland resowing the year after, 4. ploughing up of grassland in spring followed by spring wheat and grassland resowing the year after. Ploughing up in autumn induced increased nitrate leaching. Inserted wheat cultivation led to higher leaching in the second winter. N-yields of the newly sown grassland did not exceed those of the undisturbed control due to a low content of white clover in newly established grassland

Klimagasemission im Futterbau: Vergleich von leguminosenbasierten und intensiv stickstoffgedüngten Grünlandbeständen

Aim of the presented study was the comparison of the specific emissions of CO2 equivalents of a legume based and a mineral N fertilised grassland considering the N2O emissions caused by N fertilisation and soil compaction. The field trial was set up on the experimental station “Hohenschulen” in northern Germany with the factors soil compaction, N fertilisation and experimental year. The N2O emissions were affected by an interaction of soil compaction and N fertilisation, especially under moist spring conditions. The specific CO2-equivalent emission per unit energy yield was 67 % higher for the mineral N-fertilised grassland compared to the legume based grassland

When and how should peritoneal endometriosis be operated on in order to improve fertility rates and symptoms? The experience and outcomes of nearly 100 cases

Purpose: To analyze the follow-up results of patients suffering from symptomatic early-stage endometriosis after a consistent laparoscopic peritoneal stripping of the altered peritoneum (peritoneal endometriosis and surrounding inflamed tissue) was performed. This type of endometriosis is resistant to medical therapy and/or impairs fertility. Methods: Using our prospectively maintained database, we were able to identify all symptomatic women with the suspicion of only peritoneal endometriosis who underwent laparoscopy at our endometriosis center over a period of 5 years. All procedures were carried out in a standardized fashion by one single surgeon, who is highly experienced in minimal invasive surgery, and included a suspended hormonal pretreatment for 2 months. Postoperative outcomes including complications, fertility and recurrence rates were analysed. Results: Laparoscopic peritonectomy was performed on 94 women. Follow-up data were available in 87% of these cases. At the time of surgery, almost all patients tested showed signs of stage I or II endometriosis (44.7 and 48.9%, respectively). More than three-quarters of the women reported pain relief, inter alia, due to the post-surgical hormonal therapy. About one-third of the patients wanted to have children after the procedure. 62% of them became pregnant and the majority did so without the need for assisted reproductive therapy. In seven women a re-operation was performed. Conclusion: According to our data, a consistent excision of altered peritoneum followed by adjuvant hormonal therapy and multimodal concepts results in better outcomes for the patient, particularly in regards to pregnancy and recurrence rates

Clases prácticas de enfermería en unidad de cuidados intensivos: contrucción de conceptos

Qualitative research which aimed to verify concept understanding, Nursing, Human Being, Health, ICU, Care, Acute Care Patient, carried out by 17 students in the ninth term of the nursing graduation course at the end of practical classes focused on the acute care patient. Data collection was performed during three moments: first and last days of practical classes in hospital settings when students were requested to formulate the mentioned concepts. Thus, the Collective Subject Speech was elaborated from the transcribed and analysed definitions. The concepts ICU and Acute Care Patient were pointed out and some lines were presented in this article. The third moment of data collection was performed during the team meeting for discussion and reflection on the concepts elaborated by the undergraduates in the two first moments, as well as the elaboration of the final concept by the team. Concept building and the subsequent discussions in the team meeting provoked not only the reflection about their practical classes but also learning and the development of a critical attitude in the students.Pesquisa qualitativa com objetivo de verificar a compreensão de conceitos, Enfermagem, Ser Humano, Saúde, UTI, Cuidado, Cuidado ao Paciente Grave, de 17 estudantes do nono período do curso de graduação em enfermagem ao final das aulas práticas com enfoque ao paciente grave. Acoleta de dados ocorreu em três momentos sendo no primeiro dia de aula prática em ambiente hospitalar e no último dia, nos quais foi solicitado a cada estudante a formulação dos conceitos citados. As definições foram transcritas e analisadas, a partir das quais elaborou-se o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, sendo que os conceitos de UTI e Cuidado ao Paciente Grave foram destacados e alguns trechos apresentados neste artigo. O terceiro momento de coleta ocorreu durante a realização de encontro grupal para discussão e reflexão dos conceitos elaborados nos dois momentos anteriores pelos estudantes, bem como para elaboração do conceito final do grupo. Os resultados apontaram que houve evolução no que se refere à compreensão dos conceitos pelos estudantes.Aconstrução dos conceitos e as discussões geradas no encontro grupal permitiram a reflexão das aulas práticas e contribuíram para o aprendizado e desenvolvimento de atitudes críticas pelos estudantes.Esta es una investigación cualitativa que tiene la finalidad de verificar la comprensión de conceptos, Enfermería, Ser Humano, Salud, Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Cuidado, Cuidado al Paciente Grave, de 17 estudiantes del noveno periodo del curso de graduación en Enfermería al final de las clases prácticas con enfoque al paciente grave. Los datos fueron recogidos en tres momentos, siendo en el primer día de clase práctica en ambiente hospitalar y en el último día, en los cuales fue pedida a cada estudiante la formulación de conceptos citados. Las definiciones fueron transcritas y analizadas y fue con base en ellas que se elaboró el Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo, siendo que los conceptos de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. y Cuidado al Paciente Grave fueron destacados y algunos trozos presentados en este artículo. El tercer momento en que se recogió datos ocurrió mientras la realización de un encuentro en grupo para la discusión y reflexión de los conceptos elaborados en los dos momentos anteriores por los alumnos de Enfermería, así como para la elaboración del concepto final del grupo. Los resultados apuntaron que hubo evolución en lo que se refiere a la comprensión de los conceptos por los estudiantes. La construcción de los conceptos y las discusiones generadas en el encuentro del grupo permitieron la reflexión acerca de las clases prácticas y contribuyeron para el aprendizado y desarrollo de actitudes críticas por parte de los estudiantes

DIAGNÓSTICOS E INTERVENCIONES DE ENFERMERÍA EN UNIDAD DE PRONTO ATENDIMIENTO A LA LUZ DE LAS NECESIDADES HUMANAS BÁSICAS

This exploratory, retrospective documental research was undertaken in a Medical Emergency Center in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The study’s objectives were to identify the most frequent Basic Human Needs in hospitalized adult patients and to list the diagnoses and nursing interventions necessary to attend the affected needs. ICNP® Version 1, the ICNPCH (International Classification of Nursing Practice – Community Health) Project and Wanda Horta’s theory of Basic Human Needs were used as a base. Data collection took place through analysis of 512 documents which made up the patients’ medical notes. The situations identified were classified into sixteen psycho-biological need and one psychosocial need. For the situations to be attended, 214 diagnoses were made and 308 nursing interventions. The identification of the needs, and the elaboration of care plans coherent with reality, were indispensable for the achievement of care goals, the Nursing Process being the facilitating tool for the Nursing work.Pesquisa exploratória retrospectiva documental realizada em um Centro Municipal de Urgências Médicas de Curitiba, Paraná cujos objetivos foram identificar as Necessidades Humanas Básicas (NHBs) mais frequentes em pacientes adultos internados e elencar os diagnósticos e intervenções de Enfermagem necessárias ao atendimento das NHBs afetadas. Utilizou-se como base a CIPE® Versão 1, o Projeto CIPESC® e a Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas de Wanda Horta. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da análise de 512 documentos que compõem os prontuários dos pacientes. As situações identificadas foram classificadas em 16 necessidades psicobiológicas e 01 necessidade psicossocial. Para o atendimento destas foram compostos 214 diagnósticos e 308 intervenções de Enfermagem. A identificação das NHBs afetadas, bem como a elaboração de um plano de assistência coerente com a realidade, são indispensáveis para o alcance de metas de cuidado, sendo o Processo de Enfermagem ferramenta facilitadora do trabalho do Enfermeiro.Investigación exploratoria retrospectiva documental realizada en un Centro Municipal de Urgencias Médicas de Curitiba, Paraná, cuyos objetivos fueron identificar las Necesidades Humanas Básicas más frecuentes en pacientes adultos internados y elencar los diagnósticos e intervenciones de Enfermería necesarias al atendimiento de las necesidades afectadas. Se utilizó como base la CIPE® Versión 1, el Proyecto CIPESC® e la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas de Wanda Horta. Los datos fueron recogidos por medio del análisis de 512 documentos que componen los prontuarios de los pacientes. Las situaciones identificadas fueron clasificadas en 16 necesidades psicobiológicas y una necesidad psicosocial. Para el atendimiento de estas fueron compuestos 214 diagnósticos y 308 intervenciones de enfermería. La identificación de las necesidades afectadas, así como la elaboración de un plan de asistencia coherente con la realidad, son indispensables para el alcance de metas de cuidado, siendo el Proceso de Enfermería herramienta facilitadora del trabajo del enfermero

Inhibition of β2 Integrin–mediated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion

Many integrins mediate cell attachment to the extracellular matrix by recognizing short tripeptide sequences such as arginine–glycine–aspartic acid and leucine–aspartate–valine. Using phage display, we have now found that the leukocyte-specific b2 integrins bind sequences containing a leucine–leucine–glycine (LLG) tripeptide motif. An LLG motif is present on intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, the major b2 integrin ligand, but also on several matrix proteins, including von Willebrand factor. We developed a novel b2 integrin antagonist peptide CPCFLLGCC (called LLG-C4), the structure of which was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. The LLG-C4 peptide inhibited leukocyte adhesion to ICAM-1, and, interestingly, also to von Willebrand factor. When immobilized on plastic, the LLG-C4 sequence supported the b2 integrin–mediated leukocyte adhesion, but not b1 or b3 integrin–mediated cell adhesion. These results suggest that LLG sequences exposed on ICAM-1 and on von Willebrand factor at sites of vascular injury play a role in the binding of leukocytes, and LLG-C4 and peptidomimetics derived from it could provide a therapeutic approach to inflammatory reactions

Insight into the Binding and Hydrolytic Preferences of hNudt16 Based on Nucleotide Diphosphate Substrates

Nudt16 is a member of the NUDIX family of hydrolases that show specificity towards substrates consisting of a ucleoside diphosphate linked to another moiety X. Several substrates for hNudt16 and various possible biological functions have been reported. However, some of these reports contradict each other and studies comparing the substrate specificity of the hNudt16 protein are limited. Therefore, we quantitatively compared the affinity of hNudt16 towards a set of previously published substrates, as well as identified novel potential substrates. Here, we show that hNudt16 has the highest affinity towards IDP and GppG, with Kd below 100 nM. Other tested ligands exhibited a weaker affinity of several orders of magnitude. Among the investigated compounds, only IDP, GppG, m7GppG, AppA, dpCoA, and NADH were hydrolyzed by hNudt16 with a strong substrate preference for inosine or guanosine containing compounds. A new identified substrate for hNudt16, GppG, which binds the enzyme with an affinity comparable to that of IDP, suggests another potential regulatory role of this protein. Molecular docking of hNudt16-ligand binding inside the hNudt16 pocket revealed two binding modes for representative substrates. Nucleobase stabilization by Π stacking interactions with His24 has been associated with strong binding of hNudt16 substrates

Efeito do exercício resistido nas variáveis de frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial de indivíduos hipertensos: Revisão de Literatura/ Effect of resistant exercise on heart rate variables and blood pressure of hypertense individuals: Literature Review

Introdução Dentre as doenças cardiovasculares a hipertensão arterial é uma das patologias mais comuns no Brasil, podendo ser prevenível e tratável com auxílio de exercício aeróbios devido seu efeito hipotensor, porém, os exercícios resistidos também promovem alterações na pressão arterial de indivíduos hipertensos e possibilitam novas aplicações terapêuticas associadas. Estudos demonstram que pode haver relação entre a intensidade e a resposta da PA dos indivíduos, de acordo com a carga prescrita no teste de uma repetição máxima, que consiste em determinar o percentual de carga sem compensações para os exercícios resistidos. Objetivo: O objetivo delineado no estudo foi investigar o efeito do exercício resistido sobre as variáveis de pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca de indivíduos com hipertensão arterial. Metodologia: Estudo de revisão de literatura utilizando como fonte de pesquisa as bases de dados Scielo, Bireme e Pedro. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre os anos 2008 a 2019, indexados na língua portuguesa. Os descritores utilizados na pesquisa estão de acordo com as listas DeCS: exercício, frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial. Como critério de inclusão foram selecionados artigos originais que abordavam o efeito do exercício resistido nas variáveis de frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial. Os critérios de exclusão foram artigos de revisão, artigos sem as variáveis analisadas ou impossibilidade do texto na íntegra. Resultados e Discussão: O estudo foi conduzido por três avaliadores que analisaram dezesseis estudos, selecionando cinco publicações completas adequadas ao tema, onde foi possível observar que, realizar exercícios resistidos com cargas 40% a 60% do teste de uma repetição máxima, com três séries de dez a doze repetições apresentam melhor desfecho clínico no controle pressórico e manutenção da frequência cardíaca. De acordo com as pesquisas avaliadas, o exercício resistido promove hipotensão que pode ser obtida a partir do primeiro treino e aumenta progressivamente seu benefício, reforçando sua recomendação. A hipotensão pós exercício, é benéfica aos indivíduos, principalmente aqueles que possuem doença cardiovascular isquêmica, porém, a aferição da pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca destes indivíduos durante o treinamento para controle dos riscos é extremamente indispensável. Conclusão: Com base nos resultados apresentados, o estudo sugere que, o exercício resistido produz resposta hipotensora em indivíduos com hipertensão arterial, quando realizado dentro dos parâmetros avaliados por está revisão de literatura

Stability and Failure Mechanisms of Al2O3|Al Bilayer Coatings Exposed to 300 Bar Hydrogen at 673 K

Hydrogen barrier coatings are important for future hydrogen economy to enable materials for applications in hydrogen tanks. In the present study, coatings consisting of amorphous Al2O3 (≈100 nm) synthesized by plasma ion-assisted deposition on top of crystalline metallic Al (≈100 nm) are exposed to 300 bar hydrogen pressure at 673 K for 6 days. This is done to mimic and accelerate conditions in hydrogen storage containers for metallic hydrides. They remain intact after such harsh conditions, although changes do occur. Blister-like features are observed consisting of a buckled oxide layer while the metallic Al layer underneath is retracted. As these features are also found for coatings annealed under 1 bar Ar atmosphere it is concluded that they are not related to the formation of gas bubbles but they form due to solid-state dewetting. This is different to literature observation where H2 bubbles are reported as a consequence of interface diffusion of H/H+ species present due to the initial precursor used for film deposition. The mechanical properties of the coatings, which are evaluated from nanoindentation load–displacement curves, change only moderately. Overall, the study shows that Al2O3|Al coatings are suitable candidates to prevent hydrogen ingress, but dewetting due to long-term exposure at elevated temperatures must be prevented