Teorias e práticas de retorno e permanência no trabalho: elementos para a atuação dos terapeutas ocupacionais

The Work is one of the determining factors in the health-sickness process, and is also the central element in the construction of health and identity of individuals. Thus, both its objective aspects, such as working conditions, and the subjective and relational ones, related to the organization of work, are important for the construction of return-to-work programs that are really effective and combine the need for production of goods and services for the construction of the workers’ health. Dialoguing with the national and international literature, the aim of this article is to contribute to the debate about the aspects related to return and permanence and to create elements of reflection to the practices and theories of the Occupational Therapy in this field.O trabalho é um dos aspectos determinantes dos processos saúde e doença, além de constituir-se como elemento central na construção da saúde e da identidade dos indivíduos. Dessa forma, tanto seus aspectos objetivos, como as condições de trabalho, tanto os subjetivos e relacionais, ligados à organização do trabalho constituem-se como pontos importantes de ancoragem para construção de programas de retorno ao trabalho que sejam realmente efetivos e aliem a necessidade da produção de bens e serviços à construção da saúde dos trabalhadores. A partir de um diálogo com a literatura nacional e internacional busca-se nesse artigo contribuir com o debate acerca dos aspectos relacionados ao retorno e a permanecia no trabalho e criar elementos de reflexão para as práticas e teorias da Terapia Ocupacional nesse campo de atuação

A terapia ocupacional na Estratégia de Saúde da Família - evidências de um estudo de caso no município de São Paulo

The present research shown the occupational therapist's actuation in the Family Health Program, in the Local Reference team. There was a qualitative survey of exploratory nature and cross section through the application of questionnaires in occupational therapists in the municipality of São Paulo (Brasil), in order to know the reality of work, their characteristics and confluence with the principles and guidelines of the Health System (SUS) and thereby promote the expansion of knowledge and service to the northwestern region of São Paulo state. We concluded that the work developed by such professionals to agree with the principles and guidelines of Basic Attention in the SUS, its action directly in the community provides an active search, identification of the sites of action, actions for prevention, promotion and rehabilitation in the community, incorporating health service, team, community services and new partnerships. In contrast, the structure of the work with the PSF presents some loss: lack of human resources to fulfill the demand for the community and lack of material resources.Destaca-se a atuação do terapeuta ocupacional junto ao Programa de Saúde da Família através das Equipes de Referência. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório e corte transversal, através da aplicação de questionários com terapeutas ocupacionais do município de São Paulo, visando conhecer a realidade desse trabalho, suas características e confluência com os princípios e diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e, assim, promover o conhecimento e expansão desse serviço para a região noroeste do estado de São Paulo. Concluiu-se que o trabalho desenvolvido pelos profissionais condiz com os princípios e diretrizes da atenção básica no SUS, sua ação diretamente na comunidade proporciona busca ativa, identificação das necessidades dos locais de ação, ações de prevenção, promoção e reabilitação na própria comunidade, integrando serviço de saúde, equipe multiprofissional, comunidade e novos serviços de parcerias. Em contraponto, a estrutura do trabalho junto ao PSF apresenta alguns aspectos deficitários: falta de recursos humanos frente à demanda da comunidade e escassez de recursos materiais

The work of traffic agents in São Paulo: an ergonomics analysis

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the various aspects of the traffic agents' job, collaborate in identify the generating hazards and risk factors of disorder, absenteeism and early retirement and propose alternatives to the execution of this job; contribute to the comprehension of the "damage X ageing" relation at work and rising in rank to the practice of occupational therapy in the studies of work situations. METHODOLOGY: Ergonomics Analysis of Work composed by the following steps: analysis and reformulation of the demand; survey and analysis of health and human resources data; choose and emphasize studies of a job situation, activity analysis, formulation and validation of hypothesis, diagnostic and recommendation. RESULTS:there is a great variability of tasks accomplished within the same area and among different regions, many no prescribed tasks are accomplished, some are operational strategies to relieve the violence the traffic agents are exposed to, such as: physical and verbal aggression, conflicts with the users; the communication with the clients exceeds orientations; there is physical hazard by standing, walking and discomforting postures; the acquired experience is important for reaching the demanding productivity . DISCUSSION: the daily and lonely exposure to several hazards and risk factors such as violence situations, high demanded levels of productivity, lack of training and recycling are some of the risk factors that may be causing physical and mental disorders. CONCLUSION: the occupational therapists in partnership with multidisciplinary staffs making use of Ergonomics Analysis of Work can be aware of various job aspects and suggest prevention solutions and improve field of occupational health and work.OBJETIVO: Analisar diferentes aspectos do trabalho dos agentes de trânsito, colaborando na identificação de fatores geradores de adoecimento, absenteísmo, e aposentadorias precoces e propor alternativas à execução desse trabalho; contribuir na compreensão da relação desgaste e envelhecimento precoce no trabalho e fazer avançar a prática da terapia ocupacional no estudo de situações de trabalho. METODOLOGIA: Análise ergonômica do trabalho (AET) composta das seguintes etapas: análise da demanda e sua reformulação; levantamento e análise de dados de saúde e recursos humanos; escolha e estudo aprofundado de uma situação de trabalho, análise da atividade; formulação e validação de hipóteses; diagnóstico e recomendações. RESULTADOS: Há grande variabilidade das tarefas realizadas numa mesma área e entre regiões; são realizadas muitas tarefas não prescritas, algumas são estratégias operatórias para atenuar a violência a que os agentes estão expostos, como: agressões físicas, verbais e conflitos com os usuários; as comunicações realizadas com a clientela extrapolam a orientação; há desgaste físico pelas tarefas serem realizadas em pé, em deambulação e com adoção de posturas desconfortáveis; a experiência adquirida é fundamental para cumprir a produtividade exigida. DISCUSSÃO: A exposição diária e solitária a diversos fatores de desgaste como situações de violência; exigência de alto índice de produtividade, falta de treinamento e reciclagem são alguns fatores que podem estar causando adoecimentos físico e mental. CONCLUSÃO: os terapeutas ocupacionais em parceria com equipes multiprofissionais ao fazerem uso da AET podem conhecer melhor aspectos do trabalho, propor soluções de caráter preventivo e fazer avançar o campo da saúde e trabalho

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Inhabitating and working at the same community: the reality of the community health agent

INTRODUÇÃO: O Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) é o elo entre a comunidade e o sistema de saúde no Programa Saúde da Família. Seu trabalho é pautado no contato direto com a comunidade local e se configura como a possibilidade de comunicação e de acesso desta aos serviços de saúde. É o único profissional da área de saúde que tem como um requisito profissional residir na comunidade onde trabalha. A pesquisa objetivou conhecer aspectos subjetivos do trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde relacionados ao morar e trabalhar na mesma comunidade. MÉTODO: Foi desenvolvida uma análise de conteúdo dos documentos - Relatório da Análise Psicodinâmica do Trabalho realizada com os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde da região de Pirituba/São Paulo - e - Anotações das sessões de grupo. Primeiramente, realizou-se a leitura flutuante seguida por análises estruturais para identificar categorias significativas aos objetivos da pesquisa. Como referencial teórico para a interpretação dos resultados utilizou-se a teoria da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram apresentados nas seguintes categorias: 1. Processo de construção da credibilidade e as relações de trabalho: ACS e usuário; 2. Credibilidade versus invasão da privacidade dos moradores da comunidade; 3. Privacidade do ACS e sua família; 4. Relação com a comunidade e com o serviço de saúde como morador da região; 5. Construção de uma ética: foco na privacidade do usuário; 6.Fronteira trabalho versus militância (voluntarismo). CONCLUSÕES: Concluímos que os agentes vivenciam sofrimentos no trabalho decorrentes de pertencerem à mesma comunidade na qual desempenham seu papel profissional. Tal sofrimento decorre, principalmente da impossibilidade de flexibilização da organização do trabalho no que se refere à obrigatoriedade de residir na região. Há uma contaminação do tempo do não trabalho de ordem psíquica e física (espacial).INTRODUCTION: The Community Health Agent (ACS) is the link between the community and the health system in the Program of Health of the Family. His work is outlined on the direct contact with the local community and configures itself as a possibility of communication and access to the health services. He is the sole worker of the health staff that has as a professional requirement to inhabit in the community where he works. The objective of the research was to to be acquainted with the subjective aspects of the work of the community health agent related to the fact of living and work in the same community. METHODS: Was developed an analyses of the content in the following documents \'Report of the Analysis of the Psychodynamic of the Work with ACS of Pirituba/São Paulo\' and \'Notations of the group sessions\'. A naïve reading of documents notes was primarirely performed. This was followed by a structural analyses to identify the categories with meaningful connections to the research objeticves. The theory of the Psychodynamic of the Work was the theoretical referencial used to interpret the results of the research. RESULTS: It had been presented in the following categories: 1. Construction of the credibility and the relations of work: ACS and users; 2. Credibility versus privacy invasion of the inhabitants of the community; 3. Privacy of the ACS and his family; 4. Relation with the community and the health service as resident of the region; 5. Construction of an ethics: focus in the user\'s privacy; 6. The bounderies of working and militancy (voluntarism). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that those workers experienced deeply work\'s sufferings decurrent to the fact of belonging to the same community to which they perform their professional role. The suffering elapses mainly from the impossibility of flexibilization of the work organization with respect to the obligation of inhabitating in the same area. This requirement produces a phisical (spacial) and psychic contamination