Measuring Brazilian Inequality Using the Gender Inequality Index

Gender inequality is a common feature shared by all countries, in different degrees. Its importance is evident in the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 5 is mainly dedicated to it. However, for its multidimensional features, different SDGs include it among their targets, the third (health), fourth (education), and tenth (labor) goals in particular. A composite index better describes multiple disparities. In this paper, the Gender Inequality Index (GII), presented in the 2010 Human Development Report, is discussed and then calculated for the Brazilian Federation Units. Its dimensions, health, empowerment, and economic activity cover three crucial dimensions of gender inequality. The GII contributes to evaluate how inequality lowers human development among countries and within a country, as presented in this study. Even though its complex methodology, it is an important tool for policy guidance

Peran Mindfulness Terhadap Kemampuan Kontrol Diri Remaja

Salah satu faktor yang mendorong remaja terlibat dalam perilaku anti-sosial adalah kurangnya  kemampuan  mereka  dalam mengontrol  diri. Dalam  rangka  mengurangi  keterlibatan  remaja  dalam  perilaku  anti-sosial  tersebut,  penting diidentifikasi  faktor-faktor  yang  dapat  meningkatkan kemampuan kontrol diri remaja.  Ada banyak  faktor  yang diduga berpengaruh  terhadap kontrol diri,  antara  lain  adalah mindfulness. Penelitian  ini  ditujukan  untuk  menguji  sejauh mana kontribusi  dari mindfulness terhadap kemampuan kontrol diri remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan subjek yang berasal dari rentang usia 15-21 tahun. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Lokasi pengambilan data berada di Kawasan Surabaya Barat. Alat pengukuran mindfulness yang digunakan adalah skala FFMQ atau Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire dan alat pengukuran tingkat Kontrol Diri menggunakan skala Kontrol Diri. Teknik analisa data pada  penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas dan uji regresi sederhana untuk menguji pengaruh antara variabel mindfulness dengan variabel  Kemampuan Kontrol Diri pada remaja. Uji dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji regresi dengan bantuan SPPS 21, dimana menghasilkan taraf signifikansi 0,001 (P < 0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh antara mindfulness dan kemampuan kontrol diri. Nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,050 menunjukkan sumbangan mindfulness terhadap kontrol diri sebesar 50% sedangkan untuk sisanya 50 % disumbang oleh faktor-faktor lain

Conformational Isomerization Involving Conserved Proline Residues Modulates Oligomerization of the NS1 Interferon Response Inhibitor from the Syncytial Respiratory Virus

Interferon response suppression by the respiratory syncytial virus relies on two unique nonstructural proteins, NS1 and NS2, that interact with cellular partners through high-order complexes. We hypothesized that two conserved proline residues, P81 and P67, participate in the conformational change leading to oligomerization. We found that the molecular dynamics of NS1 show a highly mobile C-terminal helix, which becomes rigid upon in silico replacement of P81. A soluble oligomerization pathway into regular spherical structures at low ionic strengths competes with an aggregation pathway at high ionic strengths with an increase in temperature. P81A requires higher temperatures to oligomerize and has a small positive effect on aggregation, while P67A is largely prone to aggregation. Chemical denaturation shows a first transition, involving a high fluorescence and ellipticity change corresponding to both a conformational change and substantial effects on the environment of its single tryptophan, that is strongly destabilized by P67A but stabilized by P81A. The subsequent global cooperative unfolding corresponding to the main β-sheet core is not affected by the proline mutations. Thus, a clear link exists between the effect of P81 and P67 on the stability of the first transition and oligomerization/aggregation. Interestingly, both P67 and P81 are located far away in space and sequence from the C-terminal helix, indicating a marked global structural dynamics. This provides a mechanism for modulating the oligomerization of NS1 by unfolding of a weak helix that exposes hydrophobic surfaces, linked to the participation of NS1 in multiprotein complexes.Fil: Conci, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Álvarez Paggi, Damián Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: de Oliveira, Guilherme A. P.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Pagani, Talita Duarte. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Esperante, Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Borkosky, Silvina Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Aran, Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Leonardo Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Mohana Borges, Ronaldo. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: de Prat Gay, Gonzalo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Hubungan Antara Koinfeksi Tuberkulosis Dengan Kejadian Tremor Pada Pasien Hiv/aids

Background: Neurons are host cell for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis bacilli live and replicate in neuritis and the soma. CD4 got an important role on its replication. The lower CD4 counts, the highest replication numbers will be. This phenomenon will cause a neurological manifestation as a direct consequence of tuberculosis infection. One of the neurological manifestations is a movement disorder such as tremor.Aim: Determine the association between Tuberculosis co-infection with tremor prevalence among HIV/AIDS patients.Methods: This study was an observational analytic study using cross sectional methods. Twenty four patients were divided into TB-HIV group (15 samples) and control group (9 samples). All respondents had their tremor manifestation observed and examined. Secondary data were collected from patient's medical records. Obtained data were analyzed using Fischer Exact Test.Results: The prevalence of tremor was 13,3% in TB-HIV group. There was no significant association between tuberculosis infection with tremor incidence (p=0,511). Sex, HAART, anti tuberculosis drugs, and age also has no association with tremor in TB-HIV group.Conclusion: There is no significant association between tuberculosis co-infection with tremor prevalence among HIV/AIDS patients in Dr. Kariadi Hospital and Lung Health Community Centre district Semarang

Sophorolipids: A review on production and perspectives of application in agriculture

Sophorolipids are bioactive molecules that have gained a lot of attention in the recent decades due to their unique functional properties of reducing surface and interfacial tension, emulsification and solubilization. They are mainly produced by the yeast Candida bombicola and are composed of a sugar moiety linked to a fatty acid chain. Sophorolipids are non-toxic, highly efficient and stable at extreme conditions and possess environmentally friendly characteristics over the chemical surfactants. This review is focused on the main characteristics of sophorolipids, fermentation processes, and their utilization in the agricultural field. In this context, sophorolipids are very suitable for use in agriculture, as enhancers of solubility and mobility of plant nutrients, which could result in increased plant biomass, root size and fruit yield. In addition, they could be used for biodegradation of oils, bioremediation of heavy metals in contaminated soils, and as potential biopesticides, to control phytopathogenic microorganisms in agriculture. The extensive use of chemical pesticides has led to widespread insecticide resistance and to hazards to human health and the environment due to their high toxicity. Thus, the introduction of a new biomolecule to control plant diseases and increase crop yield has become an interesting alternative. As a result of the demonstrated antimicrobial activity towards phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi, sophorolipids could be extensively explored in the agriculture field, as a sustainable and natural multifunctional agent for plant crops and soils

Thermal performance of steel and fibre reinforced concrete composite floor

In general, steel and concrete composite floors tend to present a reduced functional performance (considering thermal and acoustic conditions), due to their low mass and to the high conductivity of the steel elements. By in-cluding components with high thermal insulation capacity in these structur-al systems, it is possible to maintain the structure lightness and not com-promise the thermal performance. Within this work, the analysis is dedicated to a composite floor in which a fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) slab is asso-ciated with a concrete filled “U” type steel profile. The fibre reinforcement avoids the use of conventional reinforcement, with significant savings in term of fabrication time. Filler blocks are inserted, composed by thermal in-sulation material (EPS), between the “U” shaped steel profiles, which act as formwork during the casting phase and, after the concrete hardening, con-tributing to improve the system´s thermal performance. This system was evaluated through numerical assessment. The analysis enabled to determine the thermal transmittance (U value) and to identify the critical zones in terms of thermal insulation efficiency. The performance of the proposed so-lution was also compared to other flooring solutions. According to the re-sults obtained, the proposed composite floor presents a better thermal behav-iour than other more traditional flooring systems.ANI - Agencia Nacional de InovaçãoThis work was developed within the research project NORTE-01-0247-FEDER-033690-PreSlabTec, involving the companies CiviTest and Serralharia Cunha, and the research institute ISISE, at the University of Minho

A TRAJETÓRIA DA SUDESUL E AS POLÍTICAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL PARA SANTA CATARINA 1967-1990

Instituída a partir do Decreto-Lei 301 de 28 de fevereiro de 1967 e extinta pela Medida Provisória 151 de 15 de março de 1990, a Superintendência para o Desenvolvimento do Sul (SUDESUL), atuou durante 23 anos na formulação, coordenação e orientação de diversos planos de desenvolvimento da Região Sul do Brasil. Criada no bojo de um movimento nacional de fortalecimento de autarquias regionais como SUDAM, SUDECO e SUFRAMA, a SUDESUL atuava nos três estados da Região Sul (SC, PR e RS), com sede em Porto Alegre. Cresceu em importância para o desenvolvimento econômico da região sul ao longo de sua existência, produzindo estudos de conjuntura, publicando periódicos, realizando projetos. Mais tarde, veio a ser extinta pelo então recém empossado Presidente Fernando Collor, em 1990, ano notavelmente marcado pela presença das idéias neoliberalistas no Brasil

A TRAJETÓRIA DA SUDESUL E AS POLÍTICAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL PARA SANTA CATARINA 1967-1990

Instituída a partir do Decreto-Lei 301 de 28 de fevereiro de 1967 e extinta pela Medida Provisória 151 de 15 de março de 1990, a Superintendência para o Desenvolvimento do Sul (SUDESUL), atuou durante 23 anos na formulação, coordenação e orientação de diversos planos de desenvolvimento da Região Sul do Brasil. Criada no bojo de um movimento nacional de fortalecimento de autarquias regionais como SUDAM, SUDECO e SUFRAMA, a SUDESUL atuava nos três estados da Região Sul (SC, PR e RS), com sede em Porto Alegre. Cresceu em importância para o desenvolvimento econômico da região sul ao longo de sua existência, produzindo estudos de conjuntura, publicando periódicos, realizando projetos. Mais tarde, veio a ser extinta pelo então recém empossado Presidente Fernando Collor, em 1990, ano notavelmente marcado pela presença das idéias neoliberalistas no Brasil

Influence of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) on the survival and the in vitro development of caprine preantral follicles

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the insulin-like growth factor -I (IGF-I) on survival, activation (transition from primordial to primary follicles) and growth of caprine preantral follicles cultured in vitro. Fragments of ovarian cortex were cultured for one and seven days in the absence or presence of IGF-I (0, 50 and 100ng/ml). The non-cultured and cultured tissues were processed and analyzed by histology and transmission electron microscopy. The culture for one day in a medium with 100ng/ml of IGF-I showed 86.7% of morphologically normal follicles. These results were similar (P>0.05) to the percentage of normal follicles found in the control (96.7%). It was also found that this medium increased the percentage of follicular activation (developing follicles) with one day of culture. The oocyte and follicular diameters remained similar to the control by culturing for one day in a medium containing 100ng/ml of IGF-I. The ultrastructural analysis did not confirm the integrity of the follicular fragments in a medium containing IGF-I (100ng/ml) after one and seven days of culture. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the addition of 100 ng/ml of IGF-I in the culture medium enables the development of preantral follicles of goats with one day of culture. However, it is not sufficient to maintain the follicular integrity and the follicular survival rate after seven days of culture.O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos do fator de crescimento semelhante a insulina-I (IGF-I) na sobrevivência, ativação (transição de folículos primordiais para primários) e crescimento de folículos pré-antrais caprinos cultivados in vitro. Fragmentos de córtex ovariano foram cultivados por um e sete dias na ausência ou presença de IGF-I (0, 50 e 100ng/mL). Os tecidos não cultivados e cultivados foram processados e analisados por histologia e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. O cultivo por um dia em meio com 100ng/mL de IGF-I apresentou 86,7% de folículos morfologicamente normais. Estes resultados foram semelhantes (P>0,05) ao percentual de folículos normais encontrados no controle (96,7%). Verificou-se ainda que este meio aumentou o percentual de ativação folicular (folículos em desenvolvimento) com um dia de cultivo. Os diâmetros ovocitário e folicular mantiveram-se semelhantes ao controle ao cultivar por um dia em meio contendo 100ng/mL de IGF-I. As análises ultraestruturais não confirmaram a integridade folicular dos fragmentos em meio contendo IGF-I (100 ng/mL) após um e sete dias de cultivo. Em conclusão, esse estudo demonstrou que a adição de 100 ng/mL de IGF-I no meio de cultivo ativa o desenvolvimento de folículos pré-antrais de caprinos com um dia de cultivo. Entretanto, não é suficiente para manter a integridade folicular e a taxa de sobrevivência folicular após sete dias de cultivo