A Probability-based Evolutionary Algorithm with Mutations to Learn Bayesian Networks

Bayesian networks are regarded as one of the essential tools to analyze causal relationship between events from data. To learn the structure of highly-reliable Bayesian networks from data as quickly as possible is one of the important problems that several studies have been tried to achieve. In recent years, probability-based evolutionary algorithms have been proposed as a new efficient approach to learn Bayesian networks. In this paper, we target on one of the probability-based evolutionary algorithms called PBIL (Probability-Based Incremental Learning), and propose a new mutation operator. Through performance evaluation, we found that the proposed mutation operator has a good performance in learning Bayesian networks

DEVELOPMENT OF EVALUATION MODEL FOR SAFETY PERCEPTION IN PASSING BY VEHICLES ON CARRIAGEWAY CYCLING

安全で快適な自転車利用環境の創出に向けたガイドラインは，自転車専用通行帯や，車道混在による通行空間を中心として，ネットワークを形成する方針を示している．一方，多くの自転車利用者は，車道部を通行することに不安を感じているのが現実と思われる．車道部自転車通行空間の普及には“安全感”を確保するための交通条件や街路要素を明らかにすることが肝要と言える．本研究では，自転車が自動車に追い越される現象に着目して，追い越され時の安全感評価モデルを開発することで，追い越した自動車の速度，自転車との離隔幅，車種といった特性に加えて，自転車専用通行帯，カラー舗装，矢羽根，ピクトグラムなどの車道での通行空間表示が安全感に与える影響を定量的に明らかにした ．“Guidelines for creating a safe and comfortable bicycle friendly environment” in 2012 adopted a policy that bicycle networks should be created mainly by bicycle lane type, and shared space on carriageway. Street design to secure safety sense of cyclists is needed because most of cyclists feel danger when they cycle on carriageway. The aim of this study is to build evaluation models from a viewpoint of bicycles' safety perception in order to clear the condition for the safety sense of cyclists in passing by vehicles. In conclusion, the effects by several features of passing vehicles and streets are measured, and colored bicycle lane itself can improve safety sense of cyclists even the distance and velocity of passing vehicles are same

Isolation of a Mutant ofArabidopsis thalianaCarrying Two Simultaneous Mutations Affecting Tobacco Mosaic Virus Multiplication within a Single Cell

AbstractTobacco mosaic virus strain Cg (TMV-Cg) infectsA. thalianasystemically. In order to identify host factors involved in the multiplication of TMV-Cg, we isolated a mutant ofA. thalianafrom an M2 population mutagenized by fast neutron irradiation, in which the accumulation of the coat protein in upper systemic leaves was reduced to low levels. The phenotype of the mutant, YS241, was controlled primarily by a single nuclear recessive mutation namedtom2-1,which was distinct fromtom1, a separate mutation which also affects TMV-Cg multiplication. Thetom2-1mutation affected the accumulation of TMV-related RNAs in protoplasts in a tobamovirus-specific manner, suggesting that the wild-typeTOM2gene product is necessary for efficient amplification of TMV-related RNAs within a single cell, through specific interaction with virus-coded factors. Furthermore, we found that YS241 contained a single dominant modifier namedttm1,which increased the efficiency of multiplication of TMV-Cg and a tomato strain of TMV in atom2-1genetic background, both in plants and in protoplasts. We propose that thettm1element might be a translocated form of theTOM2gene

面上可動型の近距離電磁界伝送に関する研究

本研究では，基板の設計や情報伝送方法の構築，回路設計を行うことで，電波を用いない近距離無線情報伝送を面上可動で実現可能とする方法を構築した．まず，面上可動型の電界結合方式の無線情報伝送を実現させるための基板設計を行った．具体的な方法として，常時固定させる下側基板とXY方向に面上可動させる上側基板のパターン間隔やパターン幅，端子数を工夫した結果，端部分を除く下側基板に対して上側基板を任意の位置に配置した場合においても最低2端子同士が重なる構造が可能となり，3種類の端子の重なり方に分類することができた．次に，設計電極を用いた伝送方法を構築した．はじめに，上側基板をX軸方向に面上可動させてISDB-T信号を伝送する実験を行った．この結果，実験系でグラウンドが共通となっていたため，情報伝送では考慮する必要がない信号の極性を考慮する必要が生じた．その後，Ethernet信号をHD-PLC信号に変換させて同様の実験を行った結果，信号の極性に関係なく伝送が可能となったことが示せた．情報伝送の質を測定するパラメータとして，ISDB-T信号はMER値，HD-PLC信号はスループットを用いた．上側基板の3端子の内，2端子に導線を接続し，1端子を切り捨てた状態で上側基板をX方向に2mmずつ面上可動させる伝送実験を3種類に対して行った．この結果，導線に接続されている上側基板と下側基板の端子が重なった場合は，情報伝送の質が高かったのに対し，重ならなかった場合は情報伝送の質が低くなった．ゆえに，上側端子の3種類の接続方法の内，1種類を選ぶ方法として，情報伝送の質が下がった場合に接続方法を決まった順序で切り替える3状態スイッチアンドステイダイバーシチを用いることが有用であると考えた．これをハードウェア上で実現させるために電気回路を設計し，上側基板に実装させた．この状態でHD-PLC信号の伝送実験を行った結果，回路無しで伝送を行った場合と比較して情報伝送の性能に大きな低下が見られず，概ね安定した性能で面上可動型の情報伝送が行えることが確認できた．電気通信大学201

Intensified research on tuberculosis in the Western Pacific Region: a bibliometric analysis, 2000-2019.

"Intensified TB research and innovation" is one of the three pillars of the End TB Strategy. To assess achievements and gaps in tuberculosis (TB) research productivity in countries and areas of the Western Pacific Region quantitatively, a bibliometric analysis was carried out by examining trends in the numbers of publications on TB indexed in PubMed between 2000 and 2019 and by comparing them with trends in publications on other selected major infectious diseases for the same period. The number of publications on TB in the Region increased by 3.2 times during the period, from 534 in 2000-2004 to 1714 in 2015-2019, as compared with 2.9 times each for HIV, hepatitis and malaria. The number increased by 46% in 2005-2009, 79% in 2010-2014 and 23% in 2015-2019, as compared with each previous 5-year period. The average annual growth rate between 2000 and 2018 was 8.8%. China accounted for 34.8% of the total number of publications on TB in the Region. Increases in TB research were observed in most countries and areas in the Region, particularly in those with a high TB burden. The number of publications on TB remained low, however, in the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Mongolia and Pacific island countries. Countries are encouraged to implement the set of actions proposed in the Global Strategy for TB Research and Innovation to accelerate progress towards ending TB

Frequency ratios of Sr, Yb and Hg based optical lattice clocks and their applications

This article describes the recent progress of optical lattice clocks with neutral strontium ($^{87}$Sr), ytterbium ($^{171}$Yb) and mercury ($^{199}$Hg) atoms. In particular, we present frequency comparison between the clocks locally via an optical frequency comb and between two Sr clocks at remote sites using a phase-stabilized fibre link. We first review cryogenic Sr optical lattice clocks that reduce the room-temperature blackbody radiation shift by two orders of magnitude and serve as a reference in the following clock comparisons. Similar physical properties of Sr and Yb atoms, such as transition wavelengths and vapour pressure, have allowed our development of a compatible clock for both species. A cryogenic Yb clock is evaluated by referencing a Sr clock. We also report on a Hg clock, which shows one order of magnitude less sensitivity to blackbody radiation, while its large nuclear charge makes the clock sensitive to the variation of fine-structure constant. Connecting all three types of clocks by an optical frequency comb, the ratios of the clock frequencies are determined with uncertainties smaller than possible through absolute frequency measurements. Finally, we describe a synchronous frequency comparison between two Sr-based remote clocks over a distance of 15 km between RIKEN and the University of Tokyo, as a step towards relativistic geodesy.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, invited review article in Comptes Rendus de Physique 201

Towards an Analysis of Who Creates Clone and Who Reuses it

Code clone analysis is valuable because it can reveal reuse behaviours efficientlyfrom software repositories. Recently, some code reuse analyses using clonegenealogies and code clones over multiple projects were conducted. However, mostof the conventional analyses do not consider the developers’ individual difference toreuse behaviors. In this paper, we propose a method for code reuse analysis whichtakes particular note of the differences among individuals. Our analysis methodclarifies who reused whose source code across multiple repositories. We believethe result might provide us with constructive perceptions such as characteristics ofreused code itself by multiple developers, and developers who implement reusablecode