HgGa2Se4 under high pressure: an optical absorption study

High-pressure optical absorption measurements have been performed in defect chalcopyrite HgGa2Se4 to investigate the influence of pressure on the bandgap energy and its relation with the pressure-induced order-disorder processes that occur in this ordered-vacancy compound. Two different experiments have been carried out in which the sample undergoes either a partial or a total pressure-induced disorder process at 15.4 and 30.8GPa, respectively. It has been found that the direct bandgap energies of the recovered samples at 1GPa were around 0.15 and 0.23eV smaller than that of the original sample, respectively, and that both recovered samples have different pressure coefficients of the direct bandgap than the original sample. A comprehensive explanation for these results on the basis of pressure-induced order-disorder processes is provided.This study was supported by the Spanish government MEC under Grants No: MAT2010-21270-C04-01/03/04 and MAT2013-46649-C4-1/2/3-P, by MALTA Consolider Ingenio 2010 project (CSD2007-00045), by Generalitat Valenciana (GVA-ACOMP-2013-1012 and GVA-ACOMP-2014-243), and by the Vicerrectorado de Investigacion y Desarrollo of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11). E. P.-G., J. L.-S., P. R.-H, and A. M. acknowledge computing time provided by Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and MALTA-Cluster. J.R.-F. thanks the Alexander von Humboldt foundation for a postdoctoral fellowship.Gomis, O.; Vilaplana Cerda, RI.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Ruiz-Fuertes, J.; Pérez-González, E.; López-Solano, J.; Bandiello, E.... (2015). 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Lattice dynamics study of HgGa2Se4 at high pressures

We report on Raman scattering measurements in mercury digallium selenide (HgGa2Se4) up to 25 GPa. We also performed, for the low-pressure defect-chalcopyrite structure, lattice-dynamics ab initio calculations at high pressures which agree with experiments. Measurements evidence that the semiconductor HgGa2Se4 exhibits a pressure-induced phase transition above 19 GPa to a previously undetected structure. This transition is followed by a transformation to a Raman-inactive phase above 23.4 GPa. On downstroke from 25 GPa until 2.5 GPa, a broad Raman spectrum was observed, which has been attributed to a fourth phase, and whose pressure dependence was followed during a second upstroke. Candidate structures for the three phases detected under compression are proposed. Finally, we also report and discuss the decomposition of the sample by laser heating at pressures close to 19 GPa. As possible products of decomposition, we have identified at least the formation of trigonal selenium nanoclusters and cinnabar-type HgSe.This study was supported by the Spanish government MEC under Grant No. MAT2010-21270-004-01/03/04, by MALTA Consolider Ingenio 2010 project (CSD2007-00045), by Generalitat Valenciana through project GVA-ACOMP-2013-012, and by the Vicerrectorado de Investigacion y Desarrollo of the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia (UPV2011-0966 and UPV2011-0914). E.P.-G., J.L.-S., A.M., and P.R.-H. acknowledge computing time provided by Red Espanola de Super-computacion (RES) and MALTA-Cluster.Vilaplana Cerda, RI.; Gomis Hilario, O.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Ortiz, HM.; Pérez González, E.; López Solano, J.; Rodríguez Hernández, P.... (2013). Lattice dynamics study of HgGa2Se4 at high pressures. Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 117(30):15773-15781. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp402493rS15773157811173

Choice of Organization Managing and Utilizing Japanese Coastal Resources Using Ahp Technique

In Japan, common fishery rights are granted by prefectural governor only to local fisheries cooperative associations (FCAs). Coastal resources like abalones are utilized by local fishers as members of FCAs. Fishery rights are deemed to be real rights and any person encroaching upon this right is subject to fine. Therefore, common fishery rights should be granted to proper organization under the understanding of the public citizens. I gathered replies from 800 citizens to a questionnaire via the internet and applied the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in group-decision to select proper organization. The decision goal is to choose the most suitable organization to manage and utilize coastal resources like abalones and etc. Factors to be considered (criteria) are seafood's (1)stability in supply and quality, (2)low price, (3)brand image and (4)legality in resource utilization. Alternative organizations to be chosen are (a)administrative body, (b)cooperative association, (c)private company and (d)illegal organization. The criteria are pair-wise compared to how important they are, and points of priority are calculated as (4) is highest, followed by (1). The 4 candidates of organization are compared with respect to each above criterion. With respect to criteria (1), (2) and (3), (b) is highly regarded, and only in criterion (4), (a) is highest. According to the judgments through procedure of synthesizing, (b) is regarded as the most suitable organization followed by (a). This result shows that the Japanese public citizens have understood the situation of coastal fisheries and community based co-management on coastal resources so far

Policy Option of Fishery Resource Management in Japan Revealed from AHP

The Fisheries Research Agency launched the grand design of fishery resource management in Japan in 2009. In the grand design, 16 roles of fishery industry in Japan were categorized into five aspects including: (1) resource and environmental policy, (2) food policy, (3) industrial and economic policy, (4) local and community policy, and (5) cultural and scientific policy. Based on the five aspect, this design set the following three scenarios as policy option: (a) global competition scenario, (b) ecological mosaic scenario and (c) national food security scenario. Surveying 1,000 Japanese citizens via the Internet, this study asked them the most suitable policy among the policy options above using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). This investigation was implemented in 2012, a year after the unprecedented the Great East Japan Earthquake. This AHP consists of the following four layers: goal, criteria, sub-criteria, and alternative. The goal is the most suitable policy option to manage fishery resources in Japan. Factors to be considered (criteria) are (1) through (5). Sub-criteria under (4), for example, are (4)-1 infrastructures and welfare development, -2 general management and disaster prevention for coastal areas, and -3 response to the life cycle of local fishing people. Alternative policy options are set as (a) through (c) described above. The criteria are quantified by pairwise comparison and resulted that (2) food policy is highest, followed by (1) resource and environmental policy. Lastly, (c) the national food security scenario is regarded as the most suitable policy option followed by (b) the ecological mosaic scenario.Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, held July 11-15, 2016 at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Center (AECC), Aberdeen, Scotland, UK

Fisheries Management Under Species Alternation: Case of the Pacific Purse Seiner off Japan

In the northwestern Pacific area, the fish alternation phenomena amongst sardine, anchovy and chub mackerel have been observed in the cycle of about fifty years. The sardine biomass has been drastically increased in 1930s and 1980s. Chub mackerel biomass has in 1970s, and anchovy has in 1960s and 1990s. It has been gradually clear that these phenomena are as a biological response to the atmospheric and oceanographic regime shifts. In order to derive fisheries management theory under these situations, we analyzed the inter-relationships amongst resource dynamics of the species, economic dynamics of purse seine fishery, and fisheries production. We found that the intensive capital investment during the sardineabundant periods (1980s) had became economic burden after sudden declines of sardine in 1990s, and prevent the broom of chub mackerel in 2000s. In order to discuss management options which take species alternation into account, we estimated the effects of hypothetical governmental interventions around the sardine-abundant period (1980s) in terms of fish biomass, economic efficiency, and food supply in the later years.Keywords: Fishery Management, Fisheries Economics, Fisheries and Environmen

High‐Throughput Optimization of Magnetoresistance Materials Based on Lock‐In Thermography

Abstract With the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect serving as a vital component in modern spintronic technologies, researchers are dedicating significant efforts to improve the performance of GMR devices through material exploration and design optimization. However, traditional GMR measurement approaches are inefficient for comprehensive material and device optimization. This study proposes a high‐throughput current‐in‐plane GMR measurement technique based on thermal imaging of Joule heating utilizing lock‐in thermography (LIT). This LIT‐based technique is advantageous for efficiently evaluating films with varying compositions and thickness gradients, which is crucial for ongoing material exploration and design optimization to enhance the GMR ratio. First, it is demonstrated that using CoFe/Cu multilayers, the simple Joule heating measurement based on LIT enables quantitative estimation of the GMR ratio. Then, to confirm the usefulness of the proposed method in high‐throughput material screening, a case study is shown to investigate the GMR of CoCu‐based granular films with a composition gradient. These techniques allow to determine the optimum composition with maximum GMR ratio using the single composition‐gradient film and reveal Co22Cu78 as the optimal composition, yielding the largest GMR ratio among the reported polycrystalline CoCu‐based granular films. This demonstration accelerates the material and structural optimization of GMR devices