Katedra Bibliotekoznawstwa i Informacji Naukowej (1945-2007)

Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej nauk

The role of artificial intelligence, knowledge and wisdom in automatic image understanding

In the paper, the roles of intelligence, knowledge, learning and wisdom are discussed in the context of image content understanding. The known model of automatic image understanding is extended by the role of learning. References to example implementations are also given

A verification technique for multiple soft fault diagnosis of linear analog circuits

The paper deals with multiple soft fault diagnosis of linear analog circuits. A fault verification method is developed that allows estimating the values of a set of the parameters considered as potentially faulty. The method exploits the transmittance of the circuit and is based on a diagnostic test leading to output signal in discrete form. Applying Z-transform a diagnostic equation is written which is next reproduced. The obtained system of equations consisting of larger number of equations than the number of the parameters is solved using appropriate numerical approach. The method is adapted to real circumstances taking into account scattering of the fault–free parameters within their tolerance ranges and some errors produced by the method. In consequence, the results provided by the method have the form of ranges including the values of the tested parameters. To illustrate the method two examples of real electronic circuits are given

PITFALLS IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA RESEARCH: THE RISK OF ARTIFACTS LINKED TO DENIAL OF ILLNESS AND METHODS OF PREVENTING THEM

One of the most serious problems faced by researchers studying eating disorders is denial of illness in individuals with anorexia nervosa. Importantly, the term “denial” not only has different meanings, but in the case of anorexia nervosa its very nature still remains obscure. It is not even known whether it is deliberate or unintentional. Denial of illness in anorexic patients has serious consequences for evaluation of the reliability of information obtained from those individuals. Indeed, the most frequently used screening questionnaires, such as the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) (Garner & Garfinkel 1979) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) (Garner et al. 1983), may not reflect the psychological state of the subjects due to distorted responses. The objective of this review article is to elucidate, at least in part, the nature of denial of illness in anorexic individuals and, importantly, to present methods for direct or indirect measurement of this variable. The authors emphasize the detrimental effect of denial of illness on the quality of information obtained from the patients and the notorious unreliability of self-report data. The final part of the paper contains suggestions as to methods of bypassing the pitfalls associated with the influence of denial of illness on the results of studies involving anorexic individuals; for instance, it is recommended that one should build an honest and trustful relationship with the patient. Last but not least, the focus is placed on the potential of experimental psychology, which offers tools producing robust data, resistant to deliberate distortion by patients

New Aspects of Fault Diagnosis of Nonlinear Analog Circuits

The paper is focused on nonlinear analog circuits, with the special attention paid to circuits comprising bipolar and MOS transistors manufactured in micrometer and submicrometer technology. The problem of fault diagnosis of this class of circuits is discussed, including locating faulty elements and evaluating their parameters. The paper deals with multiple parametric fault diagnosis using the simulation after test approach as well as detection and location of single catastrophic faults, using the simulation before test approach. The discussed methods are based on diagnostic test, leading to a system of nonlinear algebraic type equations, which are not given in explicit analytical form. An important and new aspect of the fault diagnosis is finding multiple solutions of the test equation, i.e. several sets of the parameters values that meet the test. Another new problems in this area are global fault diagnosis of technological parameters in CMOS circuits fabricated in submicrometer technology and testing the circuits  having multiple DC operating points. To solve these problems several methods have been recently developed, which employ  different concepts and mathematical tools of nonlinear analysis. In this paper they are sketched and illustrated.  All the discussed methods are based on the homotopy (continuation) idea. It is shown that various versions of homotopy and combinations  of the homotopy with some other mathematical algorithms lead to very powerful tools for fault diagnosis of nonlinear analog circuits.  To trace the homotopy path which allows finding multiple solutions, the simplicial method, the restart method, the theory of linear complementarity problem and Lemke's algorithm are employed. For illustration four numerical examples are given

Sygna\u142 mowy

S\u142owa kluczowe: artykulacja i percepcja mowy; analiza i rozpoznawanie naturalnego sygna\u142u mowy polskiej; metody opisu sygna\u142u mowy; sygna\u142y mowy w automatyce; sygna\u142y mowy w telekomunikacj