RESEARCH OF THE EFFECTS OF FOOT SIZES ON QUICKNESS AND AGILITY PERFORMANCE IN SEDENTARY WOMEN

In this study, it was aimed to research the effect of foot sole measurements on quickness and agility in sedentary women aged 14-16 years. Eighty women living in Gaziantep city center and leading a sedentary lifestyle participated in the study voluntarily. In measuring the foot length and comb width of the subjects, the soles of the feet were placed on a clean paper and the sensitivity was measured with a 0.01 m stadiometer (SECA, Germany) in accordance with the desired measurement technique. Illinois agility test is used to measure the agility values of the subjects. 5 meter quickness test was used. As a result of the statistical analysis of the data obtained from the study; It was observed that the differences in foot sole dimensions had an effect on the quickness and agility performance values. It is thought that individuals with longer and wider soles may have more developed balance skills due to the pressure distribution on the soles of their feet, and this may positively affect the values of quickness and agility. Article visualizations

COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT FOOT BASE SIZES WITH Y BALANCE TEST PERFORMANCE IN SEDENTARY WOMEN

Recently, the effects of some physical fitness variables on performance have emerged as popular research topics for many researchers working in the field of sports sciences. Factors affecting this performance, which is the center of attention of researchers, bring along many different studies. A group of 40 women with a sedentary lifestyle residing in Gaziantep participated voluntarily. 24 hours before the start of the study, the subjects were asked to make preparations for the workout, were informed regarding the details of the research, were asked to wear clothes in the manner required by this study. Care was taken for the subjects participating in the study to be selected by individuals whose age, height, weight and body mass index values were close to each other. In addition, the subjects selected for our study were selected from healthy individuals without anatomical disorders by determining the lower and upper limits of foot sole and foot comb measurements. The tests used in the study were carried out in the Indoor Sports Hall by using the necessary tools and equipment and by resting the participants in the test. In this study, in order to evaluate balance performance, which is an important factor in sportive performances, Y balance scores will be compared with foot sole and comb measurements and the results will be tried to contribute to science. Article visualizations

Farklı partenogenetik aktivasyon sürelerinin fare embriyo gelişimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri

In the present study we investigate the effects of parthenogenetic activation on in vitro embryo development and quality in different activation periods. oocytes were obtained 14 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection from superovulated B6D2F1 female mice then parthenogenetic activation started 18 hours after hCG injection. The oocytes were activated at different activation periods for 3, 4, 5 or 6 hours in 10 mM strontium chloride (SrCl2)+ 5 μg/mL-1 Cytohalasine B (CB) + 5 nM Trichostatin A (TSA) containing a Ca 2+ free Chatot Ziomek Brinster (CZB) activation medium, followed by further incubation for two hours at 37°C and 5% CO2 in embryo culturing medium + TSA. The results in the present study suggested that the parthenogenetic activation of the 6 hour activation period was found to be higher than at 3, 4 and 5 hours.Çalışmamızın amacı, partenogenetik aktivasyonda farklı aktivasyon sürelerinin in vitro embriyo gelişimi ve kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Superovule B6D2F1 ırkı dişi farelere uygulanan insan koryonik gonadotropin (hCG) enjeksiyonundan 14 saat sonra oositler elde edildi ve 18 saat sonra partenogenetik aktivasyona başlandı. Oositler, 10 mM stronsiyum klorür (SrCl2) + 5 μg/mL-1 sitokalazin B (CB) + 5 nM trikostatin A (TSA) Ca 2+ içermeyen Chatot Ziomek Brinster (CZB) medyumu içerisinde 3, 4, 5 ve 6 saat bekletildi. Aktivasyon sonrası, embriyo kültür medyumu + TSA’da inkübatörde 37°C ve %5 CO2 ortamında 2 saat bekletildi. Son olarak, tüm embriyolar 120 saat süre ile kültüre edildi. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar göre, 6 saatlik partenogenetik aktivasyon başarısının, 3, 4 ve 5 saatlik sürelere göre daha yüksek olduğu saptandı

Retrospective analysis of stoma-related complications

Objective: One of the few factors, that affect life of peoplehave stoma negatively, are complications developing intissues where placed stomas or near stomas. We aimedto evaluate the stoma practices performed frequently inour clinic.Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2011,the records of 96 patients who had stoma retrospectively.Factors indication for stoma, emergency procedure, preoperativestoma, type of stoma and complications sitingrecorded.Results: Ninety-six stoma patients were examined. Ofthem 66 (68%) of them was male, 30 (32%) of them wasfemale. The mean age was 58.8±12.6 years. The mostcommon colostomy patients were diagnosed obstructionof colon(66%) and ileostomy patients were diagnosedanastomosis protective ((75%). The most common typeof stoma were as follows 54 loop colostomy, 16 end colostomy,10 tube gastrostomy and 7 loop ileostomy. Theoverall complication rate was 48%. Both elective andemergency stomas had similar complication rates. Themost common complication included peristomal skin irritation(63%), peristomal infection (25%) and prolapse(5%) The stoma with the highest complications rate wasloop colostomy (57%).Conclusion: In our opinion, mortality and morbidity ofstomas may be decreased with the meticulous surgicalprinciple, regular follow- up and patient education. J ClinExp Invest 2013; 4 (1): 63-66Key words: Stoma, colostomy, ileostomy, complicatio

Optimizing the pre-disaster emergency response system of Istanbul

Tezin basılısı İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi'ndedir.Human history has been affected by the natural disasters and these disasters have shaped theflowofhistorywiththeirmagnitude. Modernlivingstyleofthe21stcenturyincreases thetendencytopreferurbanlife, andcreatesmetropolswithhugecrowds. Thispreferred dense and jammed order lead to an increase on risk factor, and make large cities, like İstanbul, more vulnerable to natural disasters. In this context, deciding on the location and the service routes of warehouses before the disaster will minimize the delivery time for survivors while keeping the efficiency of each warehouse at top level. In this thesis, we develop a mathematical programming model to determine the locations of main warehouses and emergency response units at neighborhood level for İstanbul. In order to evaluate and compare on this domain, we employ three modified optimization models. Based on our results, we propose optimal locations for main and satellite warehouses as well as quantity of humanitarian materials to the survivors. We believe that insights incurred in this thesis will provide invaluable analytical guidance for policymakers.Declaration of Authorship ii Abstract iii Öz iv Acknowledgments vi List of Figures x List of Tables xi Abbreviations xii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Turkey’s Experience with Natural Disasters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Disaster History and Istanbul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 The Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.4 Outline of Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.5 Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 Literature Review 9 2.1 Disaster and Supply Chain Similarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2 General Introductory Insights in Articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.3 Review Efforts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.4 Heuristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.5 Single Criteria Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.6 Multi Criteria Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.7 Stochastic Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.8 Fuzzy Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.9 Humanitarian Logistics Studies on Istanbul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3 Humanitarian Logistics 20 3.1 Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.2 Humanitarian Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3 Humanitarian Warehouse Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4 Proposed Emergency Response System 26 4.1 Turkey Emergency Response Plan (TEMS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.2 Interaction of Proposed Emergency System and TEMS . . . . . . . . . . . 28 5 Methodology 30 5.1 Model Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 5.2 Objective Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3 Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3.1 Demand - Demk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3.2 ERU Capacity - Superuj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3.3 Main Warehouse Capacity - Supmaini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3.4 Main Storage-ERU Distance - Dist1ij . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3.5 ERU - Demand Point Distance - Dist2jk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3.6 Assignment Parameter 1 - Act1ij . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3.7 Assignment Parameter 2 - Act2jk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3.8 ERU number limit - ERUnum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.3.9 Main warehouse limit - Mainnum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.4 Decision Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.4.1 Transfer amount of layer 2 - Recjk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.4.2 Transfer amount of layer 1 - Pij . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.4.3 Main warehouse functioning - Ai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.4.4 ERU center functioning - Bj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.4.5 Objective Value of Second Model - Obj2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.4.6 Objective Value of Third Model - Obj3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.4.7 Assignment variable of layer 1 - MTRij . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.4.8 Assignment variable of layer 2 - LTRjk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.5 Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.5.1 Constraint-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.5.2 Constraint-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.5.3 Constraint-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.5.4 Constraint-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.5.5 Constraint-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.5.6 Constraint-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.5.7 Constraint-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.5.8 Constraint-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.5.9 Constraint-9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.5.10 Constraint-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5.6 Experimental Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 6 Application 42 6.1 Test Environment and Dataset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 6.1.1 Test Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 6.1.2 Emergency Data of Istanbul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 6.1.3 Assumptions on Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 6.1.4 Creating Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 6.1.5 Reading the Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 6.1.6 Solvers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.1.7 Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.2 Minimum Facility Cost Model (MFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 6.2.1 Capacity Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 6.2.2 MFC Model without Time Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 6.3 Urgent Delivery Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 6.3.1 Capacity Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 6.3.2 UD Model without Time Constraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 6.4 Urgent Warehouse Transfer Model (UW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 6.4.1 Capacity Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 6.4.2 UW Model without Time Constraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 6.5 Discussion of the Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 6.5.1 Comparison with the State of the Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 7 Conclusion and Future Work 64 A Capacity Usage and Transactions of MFC Model 66 B Capacity Usage and Transactions of UD Model 70 C Capacity Usage and Transactions of UW Model 74 D Capacity Usage and Transactions of Hybrid Model 79 Bibliography 8

The study of exposure times and dose-escalation of tick saliva on mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation

The saliva of ticks contains numerous bioactive molecules with anti-hemostatic and immunomodulatory properties. Due to their abilities of self-renewal and pluripotency, stem cells hold considerable promise in the regenerative medicine and biomedical fields. The present study examines the viability and proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) following the addition of tick salivary gland extracts obtained from three tick species (Dermacentor marginatus, Rhipicephalus bursa and Hyalomma marginatum) to the mESC medium in different quantities (0.2, 2, 20, 40, 80, and 160 µg/ml). On days 2, 5 and 7 of the treatment, the vitality and proliferation of the cells were determined with CellTiter-Glo and morphological tests. The results showed that the culture supplemented with D. marginatus salivary gland extract at a concentration of 80 µg/ml positively affected the proliferation rate of mESC. It was further shown that all concentrations of the salivary gland extracts derived from H. marginatum and R. bursa had a negative effect on the proliferation rate of mESC when compared to the controls

Investigation on Formability of Fiber Metal Laminates

Bu çalışmada, havacılık sektöründe kullanılan fiber metal laminatların (FML)şekillendirilebilme kabiliyeti deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. FML numunelerin altve üst tabakalarında iki farklı kalınlıkta (0,6 ve 1,2 mm) Al5754-H22 sac levhalarkullanılmıştır. FML numunelerin orta tabakasında prepreg karbon elyaf kumaştanüretilen karbon elyaf plaka bulunmaktadır. FML malzemelerin şekillendirilmekabiliyetini incelemek amacıyla numuneler farklı bükme açılarındaşekillendirilmiştir. Deneyler sırasında 0,6 mm Al 5754 kullanılan FML numunelertüm bükme açılarında şekillendirilirken, 1,2 mm Al 5754 kullanılan FMLnumunelerin 75° ve 90° bükme testlerinde ise numunelerin dış tarafındakialüminyum tabakasında yırtılma hasarı görülmüştür. Ayrıca FML numunelerinşekillendirilmesinde, bükme açısı ve alüminyum tabaka kalınlığının artmasıylabükme kuvveti değerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir.n this study, the formability of fiber metal laminates (FML) used in aerospace industry were experimentally examined. Al5754-H22 sheets in two different thicknesses (0.6 and 1.2 mm) were used in top and bottom layers of FML specimens. Carbon fiber plates made of prepreg carbon fiber fabrics were placed in the middle layer of FML specimens. In order to examine the formability of FML materials, the specimens were formed in different bending angles. While all FML specimens with 0.6 mm Al 5754 were formed in all bending angles throughout the experiments, crack failures were observed in outer aluminum layer of the FML specimens with 1.2 mm Al 5754 at 75° and 90° bending angles. It was also reported in forming of FML specimens that the bending force value increased as the bending angle and the thickness of aluminum layer increased