AN OVERVIEW ON TUBULARCULOSIS TREATMENT IN CURRENT SCENARIO

The causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which mainly infects lungs and causes severe, fever, weight loss, chest pain, etc. It is an extremely transmittable disease spreaded throughout the world as per the WHO. It has emerged as new threat and drug resistance strains of Mycobacterium are emerging throws a challenge to human’s health like Covid-19 in current scenario. TB is now come in the form of bone TB, which is very difficult to diagnosis due to very slow-growing characteristics of Mycobacterium. This review highlights the history, drug development, current treatment both allopathic and Ayurvedic, as well as novel drugs available for the treatment of drug resistance Mycobacterium

Correlation of problem solving ability and academic achievement in mathematics among school students of secondary level

Mathematics is one of the most important subjects in school. Mathematic presents and develops the "problem-solving" notion, a core component of classroom learning with a strong formative effect on children. Problem solving is the most successful notion in mathematics for conceptualization and re-conceptualization of concepts, operational and basic mathematical information transfer, and ensuring long-term and meaningful learning. The present experimental research intended to find correlation of problem solving ability and academic achievement in mathematics among students at secondary level. The finding of study revealed that there is found strong positive correlation of problem solving ability and academic achievement in mathematics among students at secondary level

A clinical study of acute intestinal obstruction in adults-based on etiology, severity indicators and surgical outcome

Background: Patients with bowel obstruction still represent some of the most difficult and vexing problems that surgeons face today. While the adage, “never let the sun rise or set on a bowel obstruction” remains true, there has been a trend towards selective non-operative management of this problem. Aims and objectives were to study the various causes and modes of presentation of intestinal obstruction and to evaluate the importance of different severity indicators of obstruction with early recognition, diagnosis and thus timely abdominal exploration.Methods: 2 years prospective study conducted in PDMMC college, Amravati, Maharashtra, India, from September 2013 to September 2015. Each intestinal obstruction patient was evaluated with specific severity indicators, scored and then analyzed.Results: The commonest cause of intestinal obstruction in adults in this study series was adhesions in 33.33% cases. Other causes were mesenteric ischaemia, i.e. 7 (11.67%), Koch’s abdomen, i.e. 5 (8.33%), sigmoid volvulus, i.e. 5 (8.33%) and carcinoma, i.e. 5 (8.33%). Resection anastomosis was most commonly performed procedure in 45.7 % cases, followed by adhesiolysis in 14% patients. 66.66% patients having a score less than 3 were managed conservatively, 95.83 % having a score of 3 or more where operated on.Conclusions: The evaluation of patients endeavours not only to confirm the diagnosis but also to determine the need for and timing of surgery. Certain severity indicators and scoring systems can help to optimize this timing of surgery and prevent mortality

Face Mask Detection with alert system using Tensorflow, Keras and OpenCV

As Covid-19 is increasing day by day, it is important to make sure that we should overcome from this. But the question arises here is that how we can overcome from this? like wearing mask, sanitizing ourself, taking necessary precautions and all. Nowadays vaccines are must, do you really think after getting vaccinated you are safe? The answer is no vaccines are to boost up our immunity level, so that if you get infected it will be not much harmful to you, so here we have implemented an application Face mask detection with alert system where we can get to know that whether the person is wearing a mask or not. If person is not wearing a mask in the premises, campus a beep sound is generated to catch that person. In this application a screen is displayed which detects the human face with or without mask and shows the percentage score of the mask worn. This application will be useful for the areas were number of peoples are more like hotels, airport, schools and colleges. Here first the model is trained on a real-world dataset having with or without face mask and then we have trained our model with live video streaming. The accuracy is obtained by increasing and decreasing the epoch value

Face Mask Detection with alert system using Tensorflow, Keras and OpenCV

As Covid-19 is increasing day by day, it is important to make sure that we should overcome from this. But the question arises here is that how we can overcome from this? like wearing mask, sanitizing ourself, taking necessary precautions and all. Nowadays vaccines are must, do you really think after getting vaccinated you are safe? The answer is no vaccines are to boost up our immunity level, so that if you get infected it will be not much harmful to you, so here we have implemented an application Face mask detection with alert system where we can get to know that whether the person is wearing a mask or not. If person is not wearing a mask in the premises, campus a beep sound is generated to catch that person. In this application a screen is displayed which detects the human face with or without mask and shows the percentage score of the mask worn. This application will be useful for the areas were number of peoples are more like hotels, airport, schools and colleges. Here first the model is trained on a real-world dataset having with or without face mask and then we have trained our model with live video streaming. The accuracy is obtained by increasing and decreasing the epoch value

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLOATING TABLET DOSAGE FORM OF DUAL DELIVERY OF DRUG CURCUMIN AND BERBERINE HYDROCHLORIDE USING SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION BY UV SPECTROSCOPY

Objective: The present study was aimed to develop a combinational floating tablet of curcumin and berberine HCl utilizing synthetic polymers synthetic HPMC K-15M and evaluate its various characteristics. Methods: The formulations were developed by the process of wet granulation and evaluated for drug content, content uniformity, floating lag time, total floating time, in vitro buoyancy studies, and in vitro drug release profile. A simultaneous estimation method for curcumin and berberine was developed using U. V spectroscopy. Results: The results clearly indicated that the tablets produced were having acceptable physical parameters. The absence of any drug/polymer/excipient interactions was confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the drug content of was in between 96.22 to 99.45 % in all the formulations. Because of their low densities, in vitro floatability tests showed that most of the tablets floated for more than 8 h. The in vitro release studies confirmed the sustained release of more than 80 percent of drug contained within a period of 8 h. In vitro buoyancy was good in all three batches (F1-F3). The overall floating time for the F2 formulation was 24 h. After one month of storage at 40 °C and 75 percent RH, the F2 formulation showed no noticeable change in physical as well as pharmaceutical performance characteristics. Conclusion: Floating tablets of curcumin and berberine was successfully developed and had passed on various pharmaceutical parameters

Erratum: Tiwari, S., et al. Biosensors for Epilepsy Management: State-of-Art and Future Aspects. Sensors 2019, 19, 1525.

The authors wish to make the following correction to the above-mentioned published paper [...]

Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Expressing Glycoprotein E2 of Chikungunya Virus Protects AG129 Mice against Lethal Challenge

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is characterized by rash, acute high fever, chills, headache, nausea, photophobia, vomiting, and severe polyarthralgia. There is evidence that arthralgia can persist for years and result in long-term discomfort. Neurologic disease with fatal outcome has been documented, although at low incidences. The CHIKV RNA genome encodes five structural proteins (C, E1, E2, E3 and 6K). The E1 spike protein drives the fusion process within the cytoplasm, while the E2 protein is believed to interact with cellular receptors and therefore most probably constitutes the target of neutralizing antibodies. We have constructed recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) expressing E3E2, 6KE1, or the entire CHIKV envelope polyprotein cassette E3E26KE1. MVA is an appropriate platform because of its demonstrated clinical safety and its suitability for expression of various heterologous proteins. After completing the immunization scheme, animals were challenged with CHIV-S27. Immunization of AG129 mice with MVAs expressing E2 or E3E26KE1 elicited neutralizing antibodies in all animals and provided 100% protection against lethal disease. In contrast, 75% of the animals immunized with 6KE1 were protected against lethal infection. In conclusion, MVA expressing the glycoprotein E2 of CHIKV represents as an immunogenic and effective candidate vaccine against CHIKV infections

Evaluation of Anti-hyperglycemic potential of Bauhinia Tomentosa standardized extracts in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats: Fingerprinting and Anti-diabetic analysis of alcoholic and aqueous stem extracts B. tomentosa

In India, the occurrence of diabetes mellitus is on increase and needs to be addressed properly. Herbal remedies are considered most suitable for the management of type 2 diabetes due to their traditional acceptability and availability, low costs, and fewer side effects. Traditionally Bauhinia tomentosa L. (Family- Fabaceae) is used in the treatment of diabetes in India. Aqueous extract and alcoholic extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) of stem were taken to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity in normal and streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) induced diabetic rats. After 21 days of oral administration of extracts resulted in the significance reduction in blood glucose level. Serum biochemistry showed that serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL levels were significantly decreased by both the extracts and standard drug glibenclamide (10 mcg/kg). HPLC and HPTLC analysis of alcoholic extract found to be rich in flavanoids and phenolic constituents whereas aqueous extract found to possess rich in flavanoids, phenolic constituents, tannins and glycosides. The antidiabetic activity of Bauhinia tomentosa L. may be attributed to its high phenolic and flavanoids constituents

Study of BMI and Waist Hip Ratio of Indians with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. UCP2 locus on human chromosome 11 is linked to obesity and hyperinsulinism. Methods: A case control study was carried out in the Department of Medicine comprising 50 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 50 healthy controls. All patients and controls were subjected to a detailed history physical examination and investigations. Information on age, sex, body weight, height, waist and hip circumference, and BMI (wt. (kg)/ht. (mtr2)) were obtained. Results: The body mass index (BMI) of the study subjects was cases - 23.94 ± 1.83 kg/m2, controls - 22.8 ± 1.38 kg/m2 (P < 0.001). Prevalence of an abnormal value of waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was found to be 46% in the cases. Of the cases, 58% had poor glycemic control. Discussion and Conclusion: BMI is strongly and independently associated with the risk of being diagnosed with T2D. We found that, compared with normal BMI, overweight and obesity was statistically significantly associated with the risk of being diagnosed with T2D among individuals without any other prior evidence of T2D, suggests that the disease might be on track of changing its trend or the patients are reporting at a late stage due to health disparities. Central obesity was present in the studied population, with generalized obesity, making the population prone to insulin resistance. The mean values and the prevalence of abnormal values of BMI, WC, and WHR were higher in the cases than in the controls