Coating a copper sample by Ni-Sic composite coating and studying its corrosion behavior

The electroplating of Ni-SiC composite coatings was conducted by submerging a brass substrate in a nickel sulfate solution with a SiC suspension. The composite coatings and brass substrate were evaluated for corrosion behaviour by generating Tafel curves in a 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. The composite electrolyte exhibited a greater cathodic polarization potential compared to the Cu substrate. The wear characteristics of the Ni coating, Cu substrate, and Ni-SiC composite coating made with an HT-8360 rotary disk were investigated in a study. Furthermore, the SiC nanoparticles co-deposited with Ni showed a homogeneous distribution within the Ni-SiC matrix. Consequently, there was a noticeable improvement in the Ni-SiC composite coating's microhardness and wear resistance.AT The salt spray experiments were performed in a salt spray fog chamber, following the specifications outlined in ASTM-B-117. Changes in adhesion and blister formation, as well as those associated with corrosion, were examined.Photographs of the specimens, which had been coated with a protective layer, were taken after the salt spray test. The percentage is a vital indication that precisely reflects the degree of corrosion resistance demonstrated by a coated specimen. There is no indication of corrosion

A Novel Hybrid Jaya Algorithm

The Hybrid JAYA (HJAYA) algorithm, a potent and hybridized optimization method, is suggested in this study as a solution to restricted design engineering optimization issues. The idea behind this innovative method is that the best solution found for a given problem shouldn't become stuck in local optima, but instead should aim to advance towards the best answers found thus far. The technique is further accelerated by using a novel starting strategy to provide better answers with fewer function evaluations. As fewer method-specific parameters are needed, this algorithm is simple to implement. By using it to resolve seven challenging constrained problems, including two from design engineering, the algorithm's effectiveness is assessed. Our findings are contrasted with those of other well-known methods found in the literature. The results show that, in terms of creating high-quality solutions, our suggested technique is either superior to or comparable to other algorithms. HJAYA is also applicable to issues in specific fields

Advanced GUI-Based Four-Wheel Independent Steering Control Research Robocar

The automotive industry is transforming rapidly due to technological advancements in propulsion systems, connectivity, and steering control mechanisms. Steering systems are vital for vehicle manoeuvrability, safety, and performance, making them a major focus. Traditionally, vehicles used two-wheel steering, where front wheels control direction and rear wheels follow. While effective in standard driving, these systems struggle with complex manoeuvres, lacking agility, and precision, thus compromising safety and performance. This project developed a prototype GUI-based development kit that allows researchers to intuitively control and monitor the four-wheel independent steering system, providing real-time feedback and seamless transitions between modes. The vehicle can switch from straight-line to independent steering in under a second, demonstrating rapid response capabilities. Wireless control over long distances increases its versatility in research and development scenarios. Innovative features like parallel parking and diagonal mode enhance manoeuvrability, allowing the vehicle to move sideways or diagonally in tight spaces. This kit significantly impacts vehicle control technology, offering a flexible platform for researchers to develop and test steering algorithms, accelerating innovation, and advancing autonomous vehicle systems

Numerical solution of a viscoelastic contact problem with normal compliance and unilateral constraint

A numerical method is presented for a mathematical model which describes the frictional contact between a viscoelastic body and an obstacle. The process is quasistatic and the material’s behavior is described by means of a viscoelastic constitutive law with long memory. The contact is modelled with normal compliance condition restricted by unilateral constraint, and associated to a version of Coulomb's law of dry friction. A solution algorithm is discussed and implemented. Finally, numerical simulation results are reported on a two-dimensional test problem. These simulations show the efficiency of the algorithm and the corresponding mechanical interpretations

Applications of Augmented Reality in Industrial Manufacturing in the Era of Industry 5.0

Augmented Reality (AR) plays a pivotal role in shaping modern industrial manufacturing, particularly as we transition into the era of Industry 5.0. This paper explores how AR enhances comprehension of intricate elements like robot movements and applied forces. It also addresses the complexity of planning production systems, offering a cost-effective alternative by overlaying virtual objects onto existing environments. While AR holds immense potential, this paper acknowledges its limitations, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to address these challenges. The integration of AR with industrial design brings about revolutionary shifts. By augmenting real-world environments with computer-generated data, AR profoundly influences the industrial design process. Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) emerges as a critical technology for smart manufacturing. A novel SAR-based system is introduced, providing real-time instructions, safety alerts, and posture assessments for manual work in future smart factories. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of AR's applications in the industrial domain, especially as we transition into the era of Industry 5.0. As AR systems continue to advance, their integration into various aspects of industrial manufacturing is poised to revolutionize the field, presenting both fresh opportunities and challenges

Complementarity of the trombe wall effect and air distribution in passive air conditioning of a single-zone building

The work in this article presents the study of the Complementarity of the trombe wall effect and the distribution of air to the passive air conditioning of a single-zone building by simulating the thermal behavior of a habitat located in Madagascar, in Antananarivo. The practical recommendation of the heat flow exchanged by thermocirculation is done in an ingenious system. The first part of the work will be based on the installation of a solar capture system, a vertical wall in heavy masonry facing north and equipped with two holes. It allows and facilitates the simulation of an air circulation system between this building and the greenhouse formed by the receiving surface of the wall and the glazing that precedes it. The second will develop the physical modeling of the system obtained by assembling simplified thermal models of the wall elements, glazing and air volume constituting this zone. The analysis of the system will be able to receive a well-air-conditioned home

The role of beam polarization on the quality of digital holograms

Holography is an imaging technique that has attracted much attention since its inception due to its potential of recording three-dimensional images. As a result, the technique has been applied in fields like interferometry. However, its recording relied on the use of non-polarized sensitive materials which have been limited to the isotropic materials. In this study, we report the role of beam polarization on quality of holograms in respect to important parameters such as; the distance of the Charge Coupled Device from the object and variation of polarization angle. By varying the distance of the camera from the object, a distance of 15cm was clearly noticed to have produced holograms with a more comprehensive set of light wave characteristics; intensity, phase, and polarization state. We have also managed to record and reconstruct holograms at different polarization angles with significant impact on holograms at 0?, 15?, 30? and 45? whose amplitude and phase information was extracted at an optimum distance of 15cm. By comparing the results from these angles, holograms at 45? were of high quality. This advancement not only enhances the visibility of objects that are otherwise obscured or low contrast but also broadens the application of holography beyond isotropic materials

Multi-Criteria Evaluation of XL-Terrasil and Metakaolin Geopolymer for Subgrade Improvement in Rural Roads of Ondo State, Nigeria

Weak lateritic soils in tropical regions present significant challenges for road construction due to their poor load-bearing capacity and high compressibility. This study evaluated the effectiveness of XL-Terrasoil (XL) and Metakaolin (MTK) in stabilizing weak lateritic soils from three locations in Ondo State, Nigeria, to enhance their suitability for subgrade applications. A laboratory-based experimental approach was adopted. Soil samples were collected from failed road sections and subjected to stabilization, XL -Terrasil and Metakaolin was incorporated into the soil as percentage of its dry weight with dosages set at (0.5%–2.5%) for XL- Terrasil and (2%–10%) for Metakaolin, while the control samples without additive (0% Dosage) was prepared for base line comparison. Tests performed include compaction, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California Bearing Ratio (CBR), permeability, and microstructural analyses (XRF, SEM-EDX, and XRD). The untreated soil samples exhibited poor engineering properties: Location 1 had UCS of 180 kPa and CBR of 6.5%; Location 2 showed UCS of 165 kPa and CBR of 12%; while Location 3 had UCS of 195 kPa and CBR of 18%. Stabilization with 1% XL improved UCS to 340 kPa (90% increase), while 6% MTK further enhanced UCS to 420 kPa (133% increase). Similarly, soaked CBR improved to 30% with 1% XL and 40% with 6% MTK. Permeability reduced significantly, with 6% MTK decreasing hydraulic conductivity to 8.0 × 10?? m/s (65% reduction). Microstructural analyses confirmed improved bonding between grainsand better crystallinity, silica -alumina promote cohesion and decrease plasticity particularly in MTK-treated samples. The study concluded that Metakaolin outperforms XL-Terrasoil in improving soil strength, durability, and permeability, making it the preferred stabilizer for sustainable subgrade applications in tropical road construction

Comparative Study of Gamma Ray and Neutron Radiation on Some Electrical Properties of n-CdSe/p-Si Photodiodes.

Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) thin films were prepared on silicon(p-type) substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD). They were then annealed at 300 ºC for one hour to get diodes used as a visible light detector. Four diodes were subjected to four different intervals of gamma radiation emitted from the 226Ra source. For comparison, four of these diodes were subjected to four different intervals of neutron radiation using a ( 241Am -10Be) source; the other diodes were kept without exposure to irradiation. I-V measurements studied the electrical properties of these samples. Results of gamma-irradiated devices show that dark current decreases for the irradiated thin films. Forward current under illumination increases when exposed to small gamma radiation values and then decreases with higher exposure values. While the value of reverse current increases with the irradiation. The results of I-V characteristics for neutron irradiation devices show that the value of current under illumination increases when exposed to small values of neutron radiation, then it decreases with higher values of exposure. However, dark current decreases significantly with irradiation. The effect of the gamma and neutron irradiation was clear on the response/recovery period for all irradiated devices. However, it was more profound in the response/recovery time of pristine devices. Also, the photo-responsivity of the pristine device was larger than that of the irradiated devices, and it decreased with increasing absorbed doses of gamma and neutron radiation

Evaluation of production cost of bricks using clay and stone dust-cement

This study aimed to investigate whether mixing clay soil, stone dust, and 5% cement could enhance strength, reduce water absorption, and lower production costs, without compromising the material's quality. Clay soil from near FUTA, Akure and stone dust from a quarry were used. Tests were conducted on the raw materials, including sieve analysis, moisture content, bulk density, and specific gravity. Clay soil was partially replaced with stone dust at 0% (control), 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%, with a constant 5% cement. 288 bricks were produced, 144 air-dried and 144 fired at 1000°C. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were performed on both burnt and unburnt bricks. The results showed that for burnt bricks at 28 days, water absorption ranged from 11.11% to 20.00%, and for unburnt bricks, 3.33% to 7.69%. The compressive strength of burnt bricks increased up to 15% stone dust replacement, then decreased, while unburnt bricks showed a gradual strength reduction with increasing replacement. Both results met NIS and BS standards for normal building bricks