(Im)possibilities of Autonomy:? Social Movements In and Beyond Capital, the State and Development

In this paper we interrogate the demand and practice of autonomy in social movements. We begin by identifying three main conceptions of autonomy: (1) autonomous practices vis-à-vis capital; (2) self-determination and independence from the state; and (3) alternatives to hegemonic discourses of development. We then point to limits associated with autonomy and discuss how demands for autonomy are tied up with contemporary re-organizations of: (1) the capitalist workplace, characterized by discourses of autonomy, creativity and self-management; (2) the state, which increasingly outsources public services to independent, autonomous providers, which often have a more radical, social movement history; and (3) regimes of development, which today often emphasize local practices, participation and self-determination. This capturing of autonomy reminds us that autonomy can never be fixed. Instead, social movements' demands for autonomy are embedded in specific social, economic, political and cultural contexts, giving rise to possibilities as well as impossibilities of autonomous practices

The impact of viral mutations on recognition by SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells.

We identify amino acid variants within dominant SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes by interrogating global sequence data. Several variants within nucleocapsid and ORF3a epitopes have arisen independently in multiple lineages and result in loss of recognition by epitope-specific T cells assessed by IFN-γ and cytotoxic killing assays. Complete loss of T cell responsiveness was seen due to Q213K in the A∗01:01-restricted CD8+ ORF3a epitope FTSDYYQLY207-215; due to P13L, P13S, and P13T in the B∗27:05-restricted CD8+ nucleocapsid epitope QRNAPRITF9-17; and due to T362I and P365S in the A∗03:01/A∗11:01-restricted CD8+ nucleocapsid epitope KTFPPTEPK361-369. CD8+ T cell lines unable to recognize variant epitopes have diverse T cell receptor repertoires. These data demonstrate the potential for T cell evasion and highlight the need for ongoing surveillance for variants capable of escaping T cell as well as humoral immunity.This work is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC); Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS), China; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, and UK Researchand Innovation (UKRI)/NIHR through the UK Coro-navirus Immunology Consortium (UK-CIC). Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 samples and collation of data wasundertaken by the COG-UK CONSORTIUM. COG-UK is supported by funding from the Medical ResearchCouncil (MRC) part of UK Research & Innovation (UKRI),the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR),and Genome Research Limited, operating as the Wellcome Sanger Institute. T.I.d.S. is supported by a Well-come Trust Intermediate Clinical Fellowship (110058/Z/15/Z). L.T. is supported by the Wellcome Trust(grant number 205228/Z/16/Z) and by theUniversity of Liverpool Centre for Excellence in Infectious DiseaseResearch (CEIDR). S.D. is funded by an NIHR GlobalResearch Professorship (NIHR300791). L.T. and S.C.M.are also supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Medical Countermeasures Initiative contract75F40120C00085 and the National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) inEmerging and Zoonotic Infections (NIHR200907) at University of Liverpool inpartnership with Public HealthEngland (PHE), in collaboration with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the University of Oxford.L.T. is based at the University of Liverpool. M.D.P. is funded by the NIHR Sheffield Biomedical ResearchCentre (BRC – IS-BRC-1215-20017). ISARIC4C is supported by the MRC (grant no MC_PC_19059). J.C.K.is a Wellcome Investigator (WT204969/Z/16/Z) and supported by NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centreand CIFMS. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or MRC

Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

Después de la globalización neoliberal : ¿qué Estado en América Latina?

Este trabajo repasa el sentido de la globalización neoliberal, de su expansión y crisis a nivel mundial y su impacto específico sobre los Estados nacionales en América Latina. Sostiene además que dichos Estados conservan resortes clave para resistir la dinámica globalizadora en sus aspectos más perversos para la vida de los pueblos y también que los sectores populares tienen un papel central para la reorganización y reorientación de esos Estado

El Estado en América Latina: continuidades y rupturas

Comprender el límite estructural que determina la existencia de todo Estado capitalista como instancia de dominación territorialmente acotada es un paso necesario, pero no suficiente para entender su funcionamiento. Por eso hace falta avanzar en determinaciones más concretas, en tiempo y espacio, para entender la multiplicidad de expresiones que adoptan los Estados nacionales particulares, que no son inocuas ni irrelevantes para la práctica social y política. Porque sigue siendo en el marco de realidades específicas donde se sitúan y expresan las relaciones de fuerza que determinan formas de materialidad estatal que tienen consecuencias fundamentales sobre las condiciones y calidad de vida de los pueblos.Índice Introducción 7 Primera parte Miradas sobre la(s) especificidad(es) del Estado en América Latina ¿Cómo aproximarnos al Estado en América Latina? Víctor Manuel Moncayo C. La estatalidad latinoamericana revisitada. Reflexiones e hipótesis alrededor del problema del poder político y las transiciones Mabel Thwaites Rey y Hernán Ouviña El Leviatán criollo Elementos para el análisis de la especificidad del Estado en América Latina Martín Cortés El Estado en la región. La conflictiva discusión de alternativas teóricas María Susana Bonetto Revoluciones pasivas en América Latina Una aproximación gramsciana a la caracterización de los gobiernos progresistas de inicio del siglo Massimo Modonesi Segunda parte El Estado neoliberal: continuidades en crisis Notas sobre la crisis del Estado en México Guillermo Almeyra Estado, dominación, hegemonía y crisis política en la sociedad neoliberal, Chile 1973-2012 Juan Carlos Gómez Leyton La evolución del Estado en El Salvador durante el siglo XX: el giro neoliberal y las continuidades clasistas Carlos Velásquez Carrillo Tercera parte Estados en disputa: contradicciones y tensiones El estado del Estado en la Argentina despues de 2001. Continuidades y rupturas Beatriz Rajland La crisis del Estado neoliberal en la Argentina Alberto Bonnet ¿Estado desarrollista de bienestar o construcción de la izquierda del Estado neoliberal? Los gobiernos del Frente Amplio de Uruguay Pedro Narbondo Cuarta parte Construyendo nuevos Estados en América Latina Reconfiguraciones estatales en Ecuador: 1990-2011 Franklin Ramírez Gallegos Estado plurinacional y nueva fase del proceso boliviano Jorge Viaña Venezuela: la revolución mágica Juan Carlos Moneder