Sensitivity of the deeply bound pionic atoms to the pion-nucleon sigma term σπN\sigma_{\pi N}

We discuss the sensitivity of the observables of the deeply bound pionic atoms to the pion-nucleon sigma term $\sigma_{\pi N}$ to investigate the possibility of the precise determination of the value of $\sigma_{\pi N}$ by the accurate data of the deeply bound pionic atoms expected to be obtained at RIBF/RIKEN. We evaluate that the 1 MeV variation of the $\sigma_{\pi N}$ value $\Delta \sigma_{\pi N} = 1$ MeV causes the shift of the binding energy $|\Delta B_\pi (1s)| = 5 \sim 7.5$ keV of the 1$s$ pionic atoms in Sn isotopes for the cases considered in this article. The width of the $1s$ state in the light Sn isotopes has good sensitivity to the $\sigma_{\pi N}$ value, too. We also study the sensitivity of the formation spectra of the deeply bound pionic atoms to the value of the $\sigma_{\pi N}$ term. The combined analyses of the observables of the deeply bound pionic atoms are found to be helpful to determine the $\sigma_{\pi N}$ term precisely. One of the interesting combination of the observables is the energy gap of the 1$s$ and $2p$ states ($B_{\pi}(1s) - B_\pi(2p)$) which experimental error is significantly smaller than that of the absolute value of the binding energy itself of each state. The expected experimental error of the energy gap is $10 \sim 15$ keV in Sn region which corresponds to the uncertainty of the $\sigma_{\pi N}$ value around 3 MeV in our evaluation.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 table

γ-Tocopherol Accelerated Sodium Excretion in a Dose-Dependent Manner in Rats with a High Sodium Intake

We have previously reported that γ-tocopherol (γ-Toc) displays a natriuretic potency in rats fed a NaCl diet and administered 20 mg γ-Toc. In this study, we investigated whether γ-Toc has natriuretic potency at a dose lower or higher than 20 mg in rats given a NaCl diet. Male rats were fed a control diet or a NaCl diet and administered either placebo or 10, 20 or 40 mg of γ-Toc. The rat urine was collected for 24 hours (divided into 6 hour periods) and the 2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (γ-CEHC) level, the sodium excretion content, and the urine volume were determined. The 24-hour γ-CEHC and sodium levels in the urine of the NaCl groups given 20 mg or 40 mg γ-Toc were significantly higher than those in the placebo group. The peak levels of urine sodium and γ-CEHC in the NaCl group given 40 mg γ-Toc appeared at 0–6 h, which was a more rapid increase than that seen in the group given 20 mg γ-Toc. The 24-hour urine volumes of the NaCl groups given 10 and 20 mg γ-Toc were significantly higher than the urine volume of the placebo group. Our findings suggested that γ-Toc increased sodium excretion in a dose-dependent manner in rats fed a NaCl diet. Moreover, a high dose of γ-Toc may accelerate its metabolism and cause an increase in the rate of sodium excretion

保健体育科教育実習履修者の喫煙状況及び実習校の敷地内禁煙実施状況等について

We surveyed the smoking habits of teacher trainees, their opinions on anti-smoking measures at university, and the prohibition of smoking in schools where teaching practicum was conducted, and etc. The subjects were 328 senior students who finished a teaching practicum of health and physical education during spring term 2004. A total of 299 students (191 men and 108 women) responded to a questionnaire presented following the completion of their teaching practicum (response : 91.2%). The prevalence of current daily smoking among male students was 25.0% and female students 4.5%, respectively. Of male students, 31.9% answered that they would quit smoking within 2 or 3 years. More than half of the students answered that prohibition of smoking in school was effective when they conducted their teaching practicum. Concerning no smoking during teaching practicum, 67.6% answered positively and 6.0% answered negatively. Similarly, concerning drug education against tobacco and restrictions of smoking within the university, 68.6% commented positively and 10.0% answered negatively

Cooking characteristics of volume cooking and weight post-cooking according to the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan for nutritional management

給食施設では、利用者の適正な栄養管理を行うために提供する食事の栄養量が計算されるが、実際の摂取栄養量に近づけるために調理後の成分変化を考慮した栄養価計算が求められている。本研究は食品成分表の加熱調理後の重量変化率と加熱調理食品に着目し、大量調理における調理特性を分析した。2022 年10-12 月に実施した本学の給食経営管理論実習の予定献立を対象に、食品ごとの加熱調理法をゆで、蒸し、焼き、炒め、ホイル焼きに分類し、加熱調理後の成分値収載の有無を区分した。結果は、加熱調理食品数の累計167 回、食品成分表に加熱調理後の成分値の収載がないものは約４割と高かった。食品成分表の調理法は「ゆで」が多く、大量調理に対応する調理法の種類が少ない。さらに、大量調理は食材使用量が多く調理工程が長い特徴があるため、その仕上がり重量が少量調理と異なる。調理後の栄養成分値を算出する際には、食品成分表の食品の読み替えや、重量変化率の利用を慎重に行う必要がある。In food service facilities, nutritional values of the meals are calculated to ensure proper　nutritional management of consumers. Furthermore, it is recommended that nutrient values after cooking should be considered to calculate values closer to actual nutrient intake. The purpose of this study was to examine the rate of change in weight post-cooking and characteristics of volume cooking according to the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan 2020. We examined meals cooked by students in two classes. The study period was from October to December 2022. We classified each food into five cooking methods, viz., boiled, steamed, baked, stir-fried, and foil-baked, and determined whether the ingredient value was listed after cooking. The results showed that the total number of cooked foods was 167, and ingredients of approximately 40% of the foods were not listed after cooking. The most used cooking method according to the Standard Tables of Food Composition is “boiled”, and few other cooking methods are mentioned for volume cooking. Furthermore, volume cooking, which uses more ingredients and is a time-consuming process, yields finished weight that differs from that of low-volume cooking. To calculate nutrient values after cooking, several factors must be considered, such as whether another similar food can be substituted if that food is not on the ingredient list and whether the percentage change in weight should be considered.departmental bulletin pape

Similarities and differences in metabolites of tongue cancer cells among two- and three-dimensional cultures and xenografts.

Metabolic programming of cancer cells is an essential step in transformation and tumor growth. We established two-dimensional (2D) monolayer and three-dimensional (3D) cultures, the latter called a "tissueoid cell culture system", using four types of tongue cancer cell lines. We also undertook a comprehensive metabolome analysis of three groups that included xenografts created by transplanting the cell lines into nude mice. In addition, we undertook a functional analysis of the mitochondria, which plays a key role in cancer metabolism. Principal component analysis revealed the plots of the four cell lines to be much narrower in 2D culture than in 3D culture and xenograft groups. Moreover, compared to xenografts, the 2D culture had significantly lower levels of most metabolites. These results suggest that the unique characteristics of each cell disappeared in 2D culture, and a type of metabolism unique to monolayer culture took over. Conversely, ATP production, biomass synthesis, and maintenance of redox balance were shown in 3D culture using sufficient nutrients, which closely resembled the metabolic activity in the xenografts. However, there were several differences between the metabolic activity in the 3D culture and xenografts. In vivo, the cancer tissue had blood flow with stromal cells present around the cancer cells. In the xenografts, we detected metabolized and degraded products in the liver and other organs of the host mice. Furthermore, the 3D system did not show impairment of mitochondrial function in the cancer cells, suggesting that cancer cells produce energy simultaneously through mitochondria, as well as aerobic glycolysis

The acquisition of French and Japanese in bilingual children from birth seen through the reformulation

L’objectif de notre thèse est de décrire les états linguistiques chez des enfants bilingues de 10 ans habitant à Paris, à travers leurs reformulations en français et en japonais de l’histoire « Tom et Julie ». Cette histoire comporte plusieurs éléments qui permettront d’analyser l’acquisition linguistique. Nous examinerons premièrement la « complexité » des reformulations. Deuxièmement, en examinant les procédures de reformulation, nous catégoriserons six formes de reformulations. Cette classification nous permettra de saisir les tendances des reformulations chez les enfants bilingues. Troisièmement, nous ferons l’étude comparée des reformulations en français et en japonais des deux textes. En dernier lieu, nous étudierons individuellement les reformulations en français et en japonais chez les enfants bilingues. Comment les enfants manipulent-ils les deux langues, qui sont si éloignées l’une de l’autre, pour exprimer la même histoire ? Quelle performance linguistique les enfants nous montrent-ils ? Peut-on trouver des règles linguistiques qui permettent aux enfants bilingues d’apprendre efficacement les deux langues ? Notre étude tente d’expliquer l’état linguistique des enfants bilingues en répondant à ces questions.The goal of our thesis is to describe the linguistic states of bilingual children who are 10 years old and live in Paris, through their reformulation in French and in Japanese of the story « Tom et Julie ». This story contains some elements that permit us to analyze linguistic acquisition. Firstly, we examine the complexity of reformulations. Secondly, in examining the procedures of reformulation, we categorize six forms of reformulation. This classification will permit us to catch the tendencies of reformulations in the case of bilingual children. Thirdly, we compare French reformulation and Japanese reformulation in the two texts. Lastly, we will study these reformulations individually. How children manipulate French and Japanese that are so distant from each other, to express the same story ? What linguistic performance do they show ? Can we find linguistic rules which permit bilingual children to learn efficiently two languages ? Our study tries to explain the linguistic state of bilingual children in responding to these questions

A Hypersweet Protein: Removal of The Specific Negative Charge at Asp21 Enhances Thaumatin Sweetness.

甘味タンパク質の高甘味度化に成功 -低カロリータンパク質性甘味料の更なる有効利用に期待-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-02-04.Thaumatin is an intensely sweet-tasting protein that elicits sweet taste at a concentration of 50 nM, a value 100, 000 times larger than that of sucrose on a molar basis. Here we attempted to produce a protein with enhanced sweetness by removing negative charges on the interacting side of thaumatin with the taste receptor. We obtained a D21N mutant which, with a threshold value 31 nM is much sweeter than wild type thaumatin and, together with the Y65R mutant of single chain monellin, one of the two sweetest proteins known so far. The complex model between the T1R2-T1R3 sweet receptor and thaumatin, derived from tethered docking in the framework of the wedge model, confirmed that each of the positively charged residues critical for sweetness is close to a receptor residue of opposite charge to yield optimal electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, the distance between D21 and its possible counterpart D433 (located on the T1R2 protomer of the receptor) is safely large to avoid electrostatic repulsion but, at the same time, amenable to a closer approach if D21 is mutated into the corresponding asparagine. These findings clearly confirm the importance of electrostatic potentials in the interaction of thaumatin with the sweet receptor

Transient Wheal Attack Corresponding to the Tumor Lesions of Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type after Successive Rituximab Treatment

An elderly male noticed urticarial patches corresponding to cutaneous B cell lymphoma lesions after rituximab treatment. Along with the resolution of urticaria, the lymphoma lesions completely remitted without recurrence. In this communication, we present an interesting case and the pathophysiological findings of a wheal attack in a case with tumor remission following systemic treatment with rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody