Combined effects of electric toothbrushing and dentifrice on artificial stain removal : an in vitro study

This in vitro study aimed to clarify the combined effect of electric toothbrushing and dentifrice on the removal of artificial stain. Twenty-five bovine incisors were cut at the cervix and the crown was embedded in auto-cured acrylic resin. Specimens were abraded using #240 SiC paper to obtain a flat enamel surface, and 20 specimens were treated with 10% citric acid / 3% ferric chloride solution followed by 1% tannic acid solution to produce surface staining. They were divided into four groups: 1) brushing with an electric toothbrush and whitening dentifrice (group S+B); 2) brushing with an electric toothbrush and fluoride dentifrice (group S+C); 3) brushing with an electric toothbrush and no dentifrice (group S); and 4) no brushing (control group). The remaining five specimens were used as a baseline. Color values (L*, a*, and b* were measured before brushing (0 min), and at 1 min, 5 min, 10 min, and 20 min using a microscopic area spectrophotometer. The color change (?E) was calculated by subtracting the baseline values from the final color values obtained at each time point. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey?s honest significant difference test as a post hoc test (p0.05). Groups S+B and S+C demonstrated greater ?E values than group S. The combination of electric toothbrushing and dentifrice removed the artificial stain more effectively than brushing without dentifrice. However, the stain removal was limited. The two dentifrices evaluated in this study exhibited similar stain removal effects

Effect of professional dental prophylaxis on the surface gloss and roughness of CAD/CAM restorative materials

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dental prophylaxis on the surface gloss and roughness of different indirect restorative materials for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM): two types of CAD/CAM composite resin blocks (Shofu Block HC and Estelite Block) and two types of CAD/CAM ceramic blocks (IPS Empress CAD and Celtra DUO). After polishing the CAD/CAM blocks and applying prophylaxis pastes, professional dental prophylaxis was performed using four different experimental protocols (n = 5 each): mechanical cleaning with Merssage Regular for 10 s four times (Group 1); four cycles of mechanical cleaning with Merssage Regular for 10 s and Merssage Fine for 10 s (Group 2); four cycles of mechanical cleaning with Merssage Regular for 10 s and Merssage Fine for 30 s (Group 3); and mechanical cleaning with Merssage Fine for 10 s four times (Group 4). A glossmeter was used to measure surface gloss before and after mechanical cleaning, and a contact stylus profilometer was used to measure surface roughness (Ra). Polishing with prophylactic paste led to a significant reduction in surface gloss and increase in surface roughness among resin composite blocks, whereas the polishing-related change in surface gloss or roughness was smaller in Celtra DUO, a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate block. Changes in surface gloss and roughness due to polishing with a prophylactic paste containing large particles were not improved by subsequent polishing with a prophylactic paste containing fine particles

北海道酪農従事者のライフスタイルと食生活

Some comparisons in the differences in the daily activities on farm-workers and those of daily-workers living in Hokkaido district were made. The results showed that the length of working time of farm-workers was longer than that of daily-workers, and especialy, that of the female farm-workers was the longest. On the other hand, no difference in the length of sleeping hours or mealtime was observed between these two groups of workers. It was also shown that all these workers took their daily meals quite regularly, three times in a day, and especially, the daily-workers took their meals mostly in their home, and seldom outside. So far as the habits of smoking cigarettes and/or drinking alcoholic beverages concerns, there observed no differences between these two groups, farm-workers and dairy-workers in Hokkaido, and more than fifty percent of male-workers had drinking and/or smoking habits. Also, no statistical correlation was observed between the daily intake of alcoholic beverages or daily comsumption of cigarettes and the length of daily working time, however, a positive correlation was observed between the alcohol drinking habit and smoking one

The inhibitory effects of a RANKL-binding peptide on articular and periarticular bone loss in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis: a bone histomorphometric study

Showing the effects of OP3-4 on the proliferation and differentiation of cartilage cell line ATDC5. A Results of proliferation assay on day 1 with the noninduction medium. B Alcian blue-positive area ratio in the cartilage induction medium on day 10. **p <0.01 vs. vehicle control, #p <0.05 vs. 100 ÎźM OP3-4. (JPEG 384 kb

大泉町における在住外国人と地域住民（日本人）を対象として 実施した災害想定訓練の成果と課題 : 桐生大学ボランティアサークルの活動報告から

2011年3月11日に発生した東日本大震災では，多くの外国人も被災者となった．これを機に，各自治体では災 害弱者に対する避難支援体制作りが急務となった．在住外国人が町の人口の15% 以上を占める，群馬県大泉町で は，在住外国人を災害弱者としてではなく，地域の担い手としての有力な人材になってもらうため，地域住民とと もに災害想定訓練を実施することにした．桐生大学ボランティサークルの学生は，この企画に協力スタッフとして 参加し，想定訓練の運営に携わった．訓練実施後に参加した在住外国人を対象に，この訓練がどうだったか，聞き 取り調査を行った．その結果，ほとんどの人から「よかった」と回答が得られた．また，訓練を企画した主務者間 で訓練を振り返り，意見交換会を行い，そこでは，救急法などは繰り返し行うことで，いざというときの行動判断 につながることや1回だけのイベントではなくて，継続して取り組むことが重要であるといった意見が出された． また，災害時には地域住民と在住外国人が同じ地域の構成員として助け合うことが大切である．このような訓練の 経験を通して，顔見知りになり，お互いの文化や生活習慣を理解するよい機会になったことがわかった．ボラン ティサークルの学生は，このイベントの企画を通して多くのことを学んだ．また，言語的コミュニケーションの大 切さもあらためて感じた．The victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, included a large number of foreigners living in Japan.　Since then, local governments have been required to establish evacuation-support systems for people who will be disadvantaged in the event of a disaster.　With the aim of training foreigners as valuable members and leaders of the community, rather than potential disaster victims, the Town of Oizumi, Gunma, in which foreign residents account for more than 15% of the total population, conducted a disaster drill in collaboration with the community residents.　Students of the Kiryu University Volunteer Circle became involved in this project as support staff to operate the disaster drill.　A questionnaire survey involving foreign residents who had participated in the disaster drill was conducted to ask their opinions of the drill, and the majority of them stated that it was meaningful.　The organizers of the drill held a meeting to review it and exchange opinions.　The meeting participants stated that they should repeatedly undergo training to learn first-aid procedures so that they can make appropriate decisions in the event of a disaster, and that it is necessary to hold such an event on a regular basis.　 It is also important for Japanese and foreign residents to help each other as members of the same community in the event of a disaster.　The disaster drill was a valuable opportunity for them to get to know each other and learn foreign cultures and customs through training.　The students of the volunteer circle learned many things through organizing the event, including the importance of verbal communication

Generating Vegfr3 reporter transgenic mouse expressing membrane-tagged Venus for visualization of VEGFR3 expression in vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (Vegfr3) has been widely used as a marker for lymphatic and vascular endothelial cells during mouse embryonic development and in adult mouse, making it valuable for studying angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis under normal and pathological conditions. Here, we report the generation of a novel transgenic (Tg) mouse that expresses a membrane-localized fluorescent reporter protein, Gap43-Venus, under the control of the Vegfr3 regulatory sequence. Vegfr3-Gap43-Venus BAC Tg recapitulated endogenous Vegfr3 expression in vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells during embryonic development and tumor development. Thus, this Tg mouse line contributes a valuable model to study angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in physiological and pathological contexts

Efforts of the Professional Development Program at Hiroshima University Towards Fostering Teachers as Continuous Learners : The Case of the Teaching Practice and Development Course

In 2016, the Graduate School of Education at Hiroshima University established the Professional Development Program for Teachers and School Leaders which consists two courses: The Teaching Practice and Development Course and the School Management Course. Focusing on the former, this paper examines its achievements and problems in the first year to develop some perspectives of models for graduate education toward fostering teachers as continuous learners. We discuss from the following four points: a collaborative learning between teacher and non-teacher graduate students; an effective way to learn the basic skills; a circulation of theory and practice; a triumvirate and learning environment on the realization of them.本研究は，JSPS科学研究費補助金基盤研究（B）（一般）「「学び続ける教員」を支えるアクティブ・ラーニング型教員研修プログラムの開発」（JP16H03765）の助成を受けている。本稿は，平成28年度日本教育大学協会研究集会で発表した内容を加筆・修正したものである