Nutrição mineral de hortaliças LXXV. doses de cálcio afetando o crescimento e concentração de macro e micronutrientes de salsao (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce) nos cultivares golden detroit e cornell 6-19

Cerely (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce) is not very much cultivated in Brazil, but nowadays its cultivation has been expanded because of the increasing use of it mainly by desidrated soup industries. As the countries that tradicionally cultivate cerely have present serious nutricional problems, this work was proposed with the next objectives: To examine the effects of increasing doses of calcium in the development and production. To describe the symptoms of calcium deficiency and of excess of calcium supply. To verify the differences in resistance to the blackkeart anomaly between the cultivars Cornell 6-19 and Golden Detroit. To affair these objectives a green houve experiment was carried out us which cerely plant were cultivated in nutrient solutions which had the following calcium concentrations: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 ppm of calcium. The authors concluded: It is possible to characterize a deficiency of calcium in both cultivars. The cultivar Golden Detroit presents a greater resistance to the symptoms of calcium deficiency. The increasing of the calcium concentration in the nutrient solutions induce a decrease of Mn concentration at the plants.O salsão (Apium graveolens L. var. Dulce) é uma hortaliça pouco cultivada no Brasil, encontra-se atualmente em franca expansão devido o aumento da demanda pelas indústrias de sopas desidratadas. Como nos países que tradicionalmente cultivam o salsão apresentam sérios problemas nutricionais, foi proposto neste trabalho os seguintes objetivos. Aquilatar o efeito de doses crescentes de cálcio no seu desenvolvimento; Descrever os sintomas de deficiência e excesso de cálcio; Verificar diferenças de resistências a anomalia do blackheart entre os cultiva res Cornell 6-19 e Golden Detroit. Para atender estes objetivos foi realizado um ensaio em condições controladas, cultivando-se o salsão em solução nutritiva em presença dos níveis de cálcio - 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 e 300 ppm de Ca. Os autores concluíram que: É possível caracterizar com nitidez a deficiência de cálcio em ambas as cultivares; A cultivar Golden Detroit apresenta maior resistência ao aparecimento dos sintomas de deficiência de cálcio do que a cultivar Cornell 6-19. Os sintomas de deficiência de cálcio nas folhas novas de ambas as cultivares manifestam-se com a concentração de cálcio em solução nutritiva igual ou inferior a 150 ppm; O aumento da concentração de cálcio na solução nutritiva favorece o crescimento das plantas e há maior acúmulo de matéria-seca nas doses mais elevadas. O aumento de concentração de cálcio na solução nutritiva induz a uma diminuição de manganês em parte aérea das plantas

Specific heat and high-temperature series of lattice models: interpolation scheme and examples on quantum spin systems in one and two dimensions

We have developed a new method for evaluating the specific heat of lattice spin systems. It is based on the knowledge of high-temperature series expansions, the total entropy of the system and the low-temperature expected behavior of the specific heat as well as the ground-state energy. By the choice of an appropriate variable (entropy as a function of energy), a stable interpolation scheme between low and high temperature is performed. Contrary to previous methods, the constraint that the total entropy is log(2S+1) for a spin S on each site is automatically satisfied. We present some applications to quantum spin models on one- and two- dimensional lattices. Remarkably, in most cases, a good accuracy is obtained down to zero temperature.Comment: 10 pages (RevTeX 4) including 11 eps figures. To appear in Phys. Rev.

Spatio-temporal dynamics of quantum-well excitons

We investigate the lateral transport of excitons in ZnSe quantum wells by using time-resolved micro-photoluminescence enhanced by the introduction of a solid immersion lens. The spatial and temporal resolutions are 200 nm and 5 ps, respectively. Strong deviation from classical diffusion is observed up to 400 ps. This feature is attributed to the hot-exciton effects, consistent with previous experiments under cw excitation. The coupled transport-relaxation process of hot excitons is modelled by Monte Carlo simulation. We prove that two basic assumptions typically accepted in photoluminescence investigations on excitonic transport, namely (i) the classical diffusion model as well as (ii) the equivalence between the temporal and spatial evolution of the exciton population and of the measured photoluminescence, are not valid for low-temperature experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

Estudos sobre a nutrição mineral do arroz: XVI, absorção radicular e foliar do rádio fósforo por diversas variedades

Excised roots obtained from 8 varieties of rice (IAC-164, 165 and 1246, Batatais, Caqui, Dourado Precoce, 90 Dias and Senbon) were used to study the kinetics of P uptake. Three cultivars (IAC-164, 90 Dias and Senbon) were employed in an experiment designed to compare root and leaf uptake and to evaluate the long distance transport. The main conclusions were as follows: a) after 180 minutes of contact with the external solution the uptake reached a maximum in the case of varieties IAC-164 and 165 , 90 Dias and Dourado Precoce; the same took place with the remaining cultivars after 240 minutes; b) the best fitting for individual varieties was obtained by using eiter potential or exponential models of adjustment wherein time was the independent variable and rate of uptake was the dependent one. c) IAC-164 and IAC-165 showed the highest efficiency of absorption while Dourado Precoce and 90 dias showed the lowest one. d) some evidence for the operation of a dual uptake mechanism was obtained when data from all varieties were put together; e) root absorption was usually higher than foliar uptake.Estudando-se a absorção do rádio fósforo por raízes destacadas das variedades IAC-164, 165 e 1246, Batatais, Caqui, Dourado precoce, 90 dias e Senbon (as primeiras nacionais, a última japonesa) verificou-se diferença entre as mesmas na cinética de absorção. Nas condições experimentais, obteve-se evidência de um padrão duplo de absorção do anion fosfato. A absorção radicular mostrou-se mais eficiente que a foliar em termos de quantidade absorvida e de transporte a longa distânci

Magnetic reversal processes and critical thickness in FePt/{\alpha}-Fe/FePt trilayers

Magnetic reversal processes of a FePt/{\alpha}-Fe/FePt trilayer system with in-plane easy axes have been investigated within a micromagnetic approach. It is found that the magnetic reversal process consists of three steps: nucleation of a prototype of domain wall in the soft phase, the evolution as well as the motion of the domain wall from the soft to the hard phase and finally, the magnetic reversal of the hard phase. For small soft layer thickness Ls, the three steps are reduced to one single step, where the magnetizations in the two phases reverse simultaneously and the hysteresis loops are square with nucleation as the coercivity mechanism. As Ls increases, both nucleation and pinning fields decrease. In the meantime, the single-step reversal expands to a standard three-step one and the coercivity mechanism changes from nucleation to pinning. The critical thickness where the coercivity mechanism alters, could be derived analytically, which is found to be inversely proportional to the square root of the crystalline anisotropy of the hard phase. Further increase of Ls leads to the change of the coercivity mechanism from pinning to nucleation.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, pdf file, figures include

Estudos sobre a nutrição mineral do arroz: XX - marcha de absorção de micronutrientes pelas variedades IAC-164 e IAC-165

Rice plants were grown in nutrient solution till the end of their life cycle. At given stages of development plant samples harvested for the determination of dry matter and micronutrient contents in the various organs. The following conclusions were drawn: only Fe accumulation showed some degree of positive relation with dry matter production; the pattern of distribution of the elements among the plant parts was essentially the same, for both varieties; B, Cu and Fe tend to concentrate in the root system; no clear cut pattern of variation in leaf composition could be described throughout the plant life cycle; maximum rate of uptake took place between full tillering and panicle formation.Plantas de arroz, variedades IAC-164 e IAC-165 foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva até o fim do ciclo. Em estádios determinados do seu desenvolvimento foram colhidas amostras que depois de secas foram analisadas determinando-se B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn nos diversos órgãos. Os dados obtidos permitiram verificar que: somente a acumulação do Fe quando um para lelismo com a de matéria seca; o padrão da distribuição porcentual nos vários órgãos dos elementos analisados durante o ciclo foi o mesmo nas duas variedades verificando-se que B, Cu e Fe tendem a acumular-se mais nas raízes que na parte aérea o oposto acontecendo com o Mn e o Zn; não foram observadas variações consistentes nos teores foliares dos elementos durante o experimento; no período que vai do perfilhamento pleno até a formação da panícula foi em geral maior a velocidade de acumulação dos macronutrientes

Measurement of radon concentrations at Super-Kamiokande

Radioactivity from radon is a major background for observing solar neutrinos at Super-Kamiokande. In this paper, we describe the measurement of radon concentrations at Super-Kamiokande, the method of radon reduction, and the radon monitoring system. The measurement shows that the current low-energy event rate between 5.0 MeV and 6.5 MeV implies a radon concentration in the Super-Kamiokande water of less than 1.4 mBq/m$^3$.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Measurement of the Branching Fraction for B->eta' K and Search for B->eta'pi+

We report measurements for two-body charmless B decays with an eta' meson in the final state. Using 11.1X10^6 BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector, we find BF(B^+ ->eta'K^+)=(79^+12_-11 +-9)x10^-6 and BF(B^0 -> eta'K^0)=(55^+19_-16 +-8)x10^-6, where the first and second errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. No signal is observed in the mode B^+ -> eta' pi^+, and we set a 90% confidence level upper limit of BF(B^+-> eta'pi^+) eta'K^+- decays is investigated and a limit at 90% confidence level of -0.20<Acp<0.32 is obtained.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters

Observation of Cabibbo-suppressed and W-exchange Lambda_c^+ baryon decays

We present measurements of the Cabibbo-suppressed decays Lambda_c^+ --> Lambda0 K+ and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma0 K+ (both first observations), Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+ pi- (seen with large statistics for the first time), Lambda_c^+ --> p K+ K- and Lambda_c^+ --> p phi (measured with improved accuracy). Improved branching ratio measurements for the decays Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+ K- and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ phi, which are attributed to W-exchange diagrams, are shown. We also present the first evidence for Lambda_c^+ --> Xi(1690)^0 K+ and set an upper limit on the non-resonant decay Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+ K-. This analysis was performed using 32.6 fb^{-1} of data collected by the Belle detector at the asymmetric e+ e- collider KEKB.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Lett. B. v2: A small correction to the Authorlist was made. An earlier version of this analysis was released as BELLE-CONF-0130, hep-ex/010800

Determination of |Vcb| using the semileptonic decay \bar{B}^0 --> D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu}

We present a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element |Vcb| using a 10.2 fb^{-1} data sample recorded at the \Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e^+e^- storage ring. By extrapolating the differential decay width of the \bar{B}^0 --> D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu} decay to the kinematic limit at which the D^{*+} is at rest with respect to the \bar{B}^0, we extract the product of |Vcb| with the normalization of the decay form factor F(1), |Vcb |F(1)= (3.54+/-0.19+/-0.18)x10^{-2}, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. A value of |Vcb| = (3.88+/-0.21+/-0.20+/-0.19)x10^{-2} is obtained using a theoretical calculation of F(1), where the third error is due to the theoretical uncertainty in the value of F(1). The branching fraction B(\bar{B}^0 --> D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu}) is measured to be (4.59+/-0.23+/-0.40)x10^{-2}.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, elsart.cls, submitted to PL