489 research outputs found
Formation of Actin Networks in Microfluidic Concentration Gradients
The physical properties of cytoskeletal networks are contributors in a number of mechanical responses of cells, including cellular deformation and locomotion, and are crucial for the proper action of living cells. Local chemical gradients modulate cytoskeletal functionality including the interactions of the cytoskeleton with other cellular components. Actin is a major constituent of the cytoskeleton. Introducing a microfluidic-based platform, we explored the impact of concentration gradients on the formation and structural properties of actin networks. Microfluidic-controlled flow-free and steady-state experimental conditions allow for the generation of chemical gradients of different profiles, such as linear or step-like. We discovered specific features of actin networks emerging in defined gradients. In particular, we analyzed the effects of spatial conditions on network properties, bending rigidities of network links, and the network elasticity
A doença de Chagas e o açaĂ: consideraçÔes sobre a situação no AmapĂĄ.
A doença de Chagas Ă© causada pelo protozoĂĄrio Trypanosoma cruzi, que pode ser transmitido por insetos popularmente chamados de ?barbeiros? contaminados. Na regiĂŁo Norte do Brasil, houve um aumento gradativo dos casos dessa doença, relacionando-a Ă ingestĂŁo da bebida processada de frutos de açaizeiro, consumida como refeição diĂĄria pela população. O barbeiro contaminado pode estar presente no fruto, durante a colheita, transporte, comercialização e no processamento em bebida nos estabelecimentos conhecidos como ?batedeiras?. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar anĂĄlise temporal dos casos de doença de Chagas no AmapĂĄ no perĂodo de 2007 a 2018.bitstream/item/218793/1/CPAF-AP-2020-A-doenca-de-Chagas-e-o-acai.pd
Stiff polymer in monomer ensemble
We make use of the previously developed formalism for a monomer ensemble and
include angular dependence of the segments of the polymer chains thus
described. In particular we show how to deal with stiffness when the polymer
chain is confined to certain regions. We investigate the stiffness from the
perspectives of a differential equation, integral equations, or recursive
relations for both continuum and lattice models. Exact analytical solutions are
presented for two cases, whereas numerical results are shown for a third case.Comment: 10 pages, including 6 figure
IdentificaciĂłn y anĂĄlisis de los recursos econĂłmicos asignados a la segunda locomotora. EvoluciĂłn, aciertos y desaciertos
Con la elaboraciĂłn del presente documento, se pretende identificar y analizar los recursos econĂłmicos asignados a una de las locomotoras del gobierno del presidente Juan Manuel Santos en el marco de su plan de desarrollo Prosperidad para todos y el impacto social de esta asignaciĂłn de recursos en el agro Colombiano, AsĂ mismo evaluar el cumplimiento de dicha polĂtica publica y la generaciĂłn de bienestar social en la poblaciĂłn."With the production of the present document, one tries to identify and to analyze the economic resources assigned to one of the locomotives of the government of the president Juan Manuel Santos in the frame of his plan of development "" Prosperity for all "" and the social impact of this assignment of resources in the Colombian agro, Likewise to evaluate the fulfillment of the above mentioned politics publishes and the generation of social well-being in the population.
DNA adducts in fish following an oil spill exposure
On 12 December 1999, one third of the load of the Erika tanker, amounting to about 10,000 t crude oil flowed into sea waters close to the French Atlantic Coast. This oil contained polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) that are known to be genotoxic. Genotoxic effects induce DNA adducts formation, which can thus be used as pollution biomarkers. Here, we assessed the genotoxic impact of the âErikaâ oil spill by DNA adducts detection in the liver of immature fishes (Solea solea) from four locations of the French Brittany coasts. Two months after the spill, a high amount of DNA adducts was found in samples from all locations, amounting to 92â290 DNA adduct per 109 nucleotides. Then total DNA adduct levels decreased to reach about 50 adducts per 109 nucleotides nine months after the spill. In vitro experiments using human cell cultures and fish liver microsomes evidence the genotoxicity of the Erika fuel. They also prove the formation of reactive species able to create DNA adducts. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo DNA adducts fingerprints are similar, thus confirming that DNA adducts are a result of the oil spill
A self-filling microfluidic device for noninvasive and time-resolved single red blood cell experiments
Existing approaches to red blood cell (RBC) experiments on the single-cell level usually rely on chemical or physical manipulations that often cause difficulties with preserving the RBC's integrity in a controlled microenvironment. Here, we introduce a straightforward, self-filling microfluidic device that autonomously separates and isolates single RBCs directly from unprocessed human blood samples and confines them in diffusion-controlled microchambers by solely exploiting their unique intrinsic properties. We were able to study the photo-induced oxygenation cycle of single functional RBCs by Raman microscopy without the limitations typically observed in optical tweezers based methods. Using bright-field microscopy, our noninvasive approach further enabled the time-resolved analysis of RBC flickering during the reversible shape evolution from the discocyte to the echinocyte morphology. Due to its specialized geometry, our device is particularly suited for studying the temporal behavior of single RBCs under precise control of their environment that will provide important insights into the RBC's biomedical and biophysical properties
Influence of strenuous exercise on albumin excretion
Renal albumin excretion rate was 7.3 mg/24 h (SEM 0.5, range 0.6-21.0) in 66 healthy subjects. This rate increased markedly during and shortly after strenuous exercise on a bicycle ergometer (before: 5.5 +/- 0.6 micrograms/min; during and just after: 16.9 +/- 2.2 micrograms/min; P less than 0.001; n = 30). However, albumin excretion/24 h was not significantly higher during 24 h with a period of strenuous exercise than during 24 h without such exercise (10.3 +/- 0.9 mg/24 h vs 8.5 +/- 0.7 mg/24 h)
A reassessment of risk associated with dietary intake of ochratoxin A based on a lifetime exposure model
Mycotoxins, such as ochratoxin A (OTA), can occur from fungal growth on foods. OTA is considered a possible risk factor for adverse renal effects in humans based on renal tumors in male rats. For risk mitigation. Health Canada proposed maximum limits (MLs) for OTA based largely on a comparative risk assessment conducted by Health Canada (Kuiper-Goodman et al., 2010), in which analytical data of OTA in foods were used to determine the possible impact adopting MLs may have on OTA risks. The EU MLs were used for comparison and resultant risk was determined based on ageâsex strata groups. These data were reevaluated here to determine comparative risk on a lifetime basis instead of age strata. Also, as there is scientific disagreement over the mechanism of OTA-induced renal tumors, mechanistic data were revisited. On a lifetime basis, risks associated with dietary exposure were found to be negligible, even without MLs, with dietary exposures to OTA three to four orders of magnitude below the pivotal animal LOAEL and the TD05. Our review of the mechanistic data supported a threshold-based mechanism as the most plausible. In particular, OTA was negative in genotoxicity assays with the highest specificity and levels of DNA adducts were very low and not typical of genotoxic carcinogens. In conclusion, OTA exposures from Canadian foods do not present a significant cancer risk
Wetting films on chemically heterogeneous substrates
Based on a microscopic density functional theory we investigate the
morphology of thin liquidlike wetting films adsorbed on substrates endowed with
well-defined chemical heterogeneities. As paradigmatic cases we focus on a
single chemical step and on a single stripe. In view of applications in
microfluidics the accuracy of guiding liquids by chemical microchannels is
discussed. Finally we give a general prescription of how to investigate
theoretically the wetting properties of substrates with arbitrary chemical
structures.Comment: 56 pages, RevTeX, 20 Figure
- âŠ