621 research outputs found
Modular logic gates: cascading independent logic gates via metal ion signals
Cataloged from PDF version of article.Abstract
Systematic cascading of molecular logic gates is an important issue to be addressed for advancing research in this field. We have demonstrated that photochemically triggered metal ion signals can be utilized towards that goal. Thus, independent logic gates were shown to work together while keeping their identity in more complex logic designs. Communication through the intermediacy of ion signals is clearly inspired from biological processes modulated by such signals, and implemented here with ion responsive molecules. © 2014 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
A parametric integer programming algorithm for bilevel mixed integer programs
We consider discrete bilevel optimization problems where the follower solves
an integer program with a fixed number of variables. Using recent results in
parametric integer programming, we present polynomial time algorithms for pure
and mixed integer bilevel problems. For the mixed integer case where the
leader's variables are continuous, our algorithm also detects whether the
infimum cost fails to be attained, a difficulty that has been identified but
not directly addressed in the literature. In this case it yields a ``better
than fully polynomial time'' approximation scheme with running time polynomial
in the logarithm of the relative precision. For the pure integer case where the
leader's variables are integer, and hence optimal solutions are guaranteed to
exist, we present two algorithms which run in polynomial time when the total
number of variables is fixed.Comment: 11 page
CMS search plans and sensitivity to new physics with dijets
CMS will use dijets to search for physics beyond the standard model during
early LHC running. The inclusive jet cross section as a function of jet
transverse momentum, with 10 inverse picobarns of integrated luminosity, is
sensitive to contact interactions beyond the reach of the Tevatron. The dijet
mass distribution will be used to search for dijet resonances coming from new
particles, for example an excited quark. Additional sensitivity to the
existence of contact interactions or dijet resonances can be obtained by
comparing dijet rates in two distinct pseudorapidity regions.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. G: Nucl.
Part. Phy
Searching for Lee-Wick Gauge Bosons at the LHC
In an extension of the Standard Model(SM) based on the ideas of Lee and Wick,
Grinstein, O'Connell and Wise have found an interesting way to remove the usual
quadratically divergent contributions to the Higgs mass induced by radiative
corrections. Phenomenologically, the model predicts the existence of Terascale,
negative-norm copies of the usual SM fields with rather unique properties:
ghost-like propagators and negative decay widths, but with otherwise SM-like
couplings. The model is both unitary and causal on macroscopic scales. In this
paper we examine whether or not such states with these unusual properties can
be uniquely identified as such at the LHC. We find that in the extended strong
and electroweak gauge boson sector of the model, which is the simplest one to
analyze, such an identification can be rather difficult. Observation of heavy
gluon-like resonances in the dijet channel offers the best hope for this
identification.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figs; discussion adde
Public health insurance and entry into self-employment
We estimate the impact of a differential treatment of paid employees versus
self-employed workers in a public health insurance system on the entry rate
into entrepreneurship. In Germany, the public health insurance system is
mandatory for most paid employees, but not for the selfemployed, who usually
buy private health insurance. Private health insurance contributions are
relatively low for the young and healthy, and until 2013 also for males, but
less attractive at the other ends of these dimensions and if membership in the
public health insurance allows other family members to be covered by
contribution-free family insurance. Therefore, the health insurance system can
create incentives or disincentives to starting up a business depending on the
family’s situation and health. We estimate a discrete time hazard rate model
of entrepreneurial entry based on representative household panel data for
Germany, which include personal health information, and we account for non-
random sample selection. We estimate that an increase in the health insurance
cost differential between self-employed workers and paid employees by 100 euro
per month decreases the annual probability of entry into selfemployment by
0.38 percentage points, i.e. about a third of the average annual entry rate.
The results show that the phenomenon of entrepreneurship lock, which an
emerging literature describes for the system of employer provided health
insurance in the USA, can also occur in a public health insurance system.
Therefore, entrepreneurial activity should be taken into account when
discussing potential health care reforms, not only in the USA and in Germany
Differences in biological traits composition of benthic assemblages between unimpacted habitats
There is an implicit requirement under contemporary policy drivers to understand the characteristics of benthic communities under anthropogenically-unimpacted scenarios. We used a trait-based approach on a large dataset from across the European shelf to determine how functional characteristics of unimpacted benthic assemblages vary between different sedimentary habitats. Assemblages in deep, muddy environments unaffected by anthropogenic disturbance show increased proportions of downward conveyors and surface deposit-feeders, while burrowing, diffusive mixing, scavenging and predation traits assume greater numerical proportions in shallower habitats. Deep, coarser sediments are numerically more dominated by sessile, upward conveyors and suspension feeders. In contrast, unimpacted assemblages of coarse sediments in shallower regions are proportionally dominated by the diffusive mixers, burrowers, scavengers and predators. Finally, assemblages of gravelly sediments exhibit a relatively greater numerical dominance of non-bioturbators and asexual reproducers. These findings may be used to form the basis of ranking habitats along a functional sensitivity gradient
Effects of vacuum sealing drainage on the treatment of cranial bone-exposed wounds in rabbits
Solve-RD: systematic pan-European data sharing and collaborative analysis to solve rare diseases
For the first time in Europe hundreds of rare disease (RD) experts team up to actively share and jointly analyse existing patient’s data. Solve-RD is a Horizon 2020-supported EU flagship project bringing together >300 clinicians, scientists, and patient representatives of 51 sites from 15 countries. Solve-RD is built upon a core group of four European Reference Networks (ERNs; ERN-ITHACA, ERN-RND, ERN-Euro NMD, ERN-GENTURIS) which annually see more than 270,000 RD patients with respective pathologies. The main ambition is to solve unsolved rare diseases for which a molecular cause is not yet known. This is achieved through an innovative clinical research environment that introduces novel ways to organise expertise and data. Two major approaches are being pursued (i) massive data re-analysis of >19,000 unsolved rare disease patients and (ii) novel combined -omics approaches. The minimum requirement to be eligible for the analysis activities is an inconclusive exome that can be shared with controlled access. The first preliminary data re-analysis has already diagnosed 255 cases form 8393 exomes/genome datasets. This unprecedented degree of collaboration focused on sharing of data and expertise shall identify many new disease genes and enable diagnosis of many so far undiagnosed patients from all over Europe
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