Development of a drive system for a sequential space camera

An electronically commutated dc motor is reported for driving the camera claw and magazine, and a stepper motor is described for driving the shutter with the two motors synchronized electrically. Subsequent tests on the breadboard positively proved the concept, but further development beyond this study should be done. The breadboard testing also established that the electronically commutated motor can control speed over a wide dynamic range, and has a high torque capability for accelerating loads. This performance suggested the possibility of eliminating the clutch from the system while retaining all of the other mechanical features of the DAC, if the requirement for independent shutter speeds and frame rates can be removed. Therefore, as a final step in the study, the breadboard shutter and shutter drive were returned to the original DAC configuration, while retaining the brushless dc motor drive

Development of a drive system for a sequential space camera

Breadboard models of single and dual motor drives for the shutter, claw and magazine of a space camera system were designed and tested. The single motor technique utilizes a single electronically commutated motor to drive the claw and shutter without resorting to a solenoid actuated clutch for pulse operation. Shutter speed is established by a combination of the cinemode speed and the opening of the conventional DAC two piece shutter. Pulse mode operation is obtained by applying power at a fixed clock rate and removing power at an appropriate point in the mechanical cycle such that the motor comes to rest by system friction. The dual motor approach utilizes a stepper motor to drive the shutter and an electronically commutated dc motor to drive the claw and magazine functions. The motors are synchronized electronically

Development of a drive system for a sequential space camera contract modification 4(S)

The brush type dc motor and clutch were eliminated from the design of the 16 mm space sequential camera design and replaced by an electronically commutated motor. The new drive system reduces the current consumption at 24 fps to 220 mA. The drive can be programmed and controlled externally from the multipurpose programmable timer/intervalometer, as well as being controlled locally from the camera

Automatic exposure control for space sequential camera

The final report for the automatic exposure control study for space sequential cameras, for the NASA Johnson Space Center is presented. The material is shown in the same sequence that the work was performed. The purpose of the automatic exposure control is to automatically control the lens iris as well as the camera shutter so that the subject is properly exposed on the film. A study of design approaches is presented. Analysis of the light range of the spectrum covered indicates that the practical range would be from approximately 20 to 6,000 foot-lamberts, or about nine f-stops. Observation of film available from space flights shows that optimum scene illumination is apparently not present in vehicle interior photography as well as in vehicle-to-vehicle situations. The evaluation test procedure for a breadboard, and the results, which provided information for the design of a brassboard are given

Automatic Exposure Iris Control (AEIC) for data acquisition camera

A lens design capable of operating over a total range of f/1.4 to f/11.0 with through the lens light sensing is presented along with a system which compensates for ASA film speeds as well as shutter openings. The space shuttle camera system package is designed so that it can be assembled on the existing 16 mm DAC with a minimum of alteration to the camera

“THE SCANDINAVIAN STAR” Ferry Disaster 1990. Experiences and Recommendation for Records in Dental Practice

To je najveća katastrofa u povijesti norveškoga identifikacijskoga tima. Bilo je 158 žrtava. U radu će se opisati sve komplikacije i problemi koji su se zbili na međunarodnoj razini te tehnike koje je provodio Id tim. Sve su žrtve bile nađene, sve su identificirane forenzničnim postupcima ID tima. Interpolov rad na tome polju bio je baza za identifikacijske postupke. Kako su mnoge žrtve bili Danci, danski ID tim pomogao je u identifikacijskome postupku. Pomoću danskoga ID tima pokazala se je poticajnom za daljnje međunarodne postupke u kojima sudjeluje Interpol. Rezultati su se uglavnom temeljili na kakvoći prikupljenim dentalnih podataka, tj. na legalizaciji i čuvanju dentalnih podataka koji se redovito provode u Norveškoj. No nisu sva dentalna obilježja udovoljavala propisanim standardima. U identifikacijskom postupku forenzični je stomatolog ovisio o prikupljenim dentalnim podatcima za nestale osobe, a kakvoća tih obilježja uvjetovala je mogućnost da se utvrdi identitet. Glavna je preporuka da se svi podatci o zubima u stomatološkoj praksi čuvaju kako bi prema potrebi poslužili i u forenzničnim postupcima.With 158 victims this was the largest disaster handled by the Norwegian Identification Commission. The series of events which lead to this disaster and the international complications will be described. All victims were found and identified. The technique used and the function of the ID-Commission is discussed. Interpol’s work in this field is the basis for our technique. As there were a number of Danish victims, the Danish ID-Commission came to help with the identifications. This co-operation as well as the recommendations for international cooperation after disasters given by Interpol is described. The favourable result was mainly due to the quality of dental records recived and the basis is the Norwegian legislation on the dentist’s recordkeeping. However, not all records were up the standards, and examples will be given. In identification work the forensic odontologist is heavily dependent on dental records for the missing persons and the quality of the record may be decisive for the outcome of the comparison. General recommendations for practical dental record keeping, based on forensic needs, will be given

Advancing integrative “one-health” approaches to global health through multidisciplinary, faculty-led global health field courses

AbstractBackgroundSince 2003, the University of Wisconsin-Madison Global Health Institute, together with collaborating campus and in-country partners, has offered immersive, multidisciplinary, faculty-led, global health field courses in Ecuador and Thailand. These courses aim to help students to develop a working understanding of integrative one-health approaches and acquire the skills to work effectively across disciplines. That is, we aim to foster an appreciation of the role of culture in perceptions of health, disease, and health care; the complex interactions of animal-human-ecosystem health and disease; and the value of integrating cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural perspectives and skills to solve complex public health problems.MethodsStudents from various University of Wisconsin-Madison health faculties travelled, lived (accommodation included homestays in indigenous or rural communities), learnt, and engaged in community-health assessments or service-learning projects as a multidisciplinary team. We recruited students through annual presentations in each University of Wisconsin school or college and through recommendations from past participants. We recorded student reflections during the course, at course completion, and after graduation.FindingsBetween 2003 and 2014: 215 students from the University of Wisconsin have taken part in the global health field courses. Students came from the fields of human medicine (53 [25%]), veterinary medicine (35 [16%]), nursing (40 [19%]), pharmacy (41 [19%]), and other degree programs (46 [21%]). Results of the in-course and post course assessments consistently show strong student satisfaction with many aspects of the programme, including safety, faculty mentorship, the value of the multidisciplinary approach, depth of learning, and programme cost. Former participants also report use of cross-cultural skills in their professional practice, work with populations from cultures other than their own, positive effects on their decisions for career activities, and the belief that immersive cross-cultural experiences should be a required part of professional training for all health professional students. Finally, the courses undergo independent programme evaluations (including in-country observation and interviews with participants and stakeholders) approximately every 5 years.InterpretationProgramme directors continue to seek improvements related to: sustainable faculty engagement from various disciplines; development of increasingly specific course group learning objectives, competencies, and assessment tools; sustainability of impacts on community-level health and wellbeing; continuity between University of Wisconsin-Madison and in-country university and community partners; and scholarship support and other approaches so that cost does not exclude interested students from participating.FundingThe GHI is supported through a combination of university, grants, and philanthropic funding; these field courses do not have specific, separate funding. Students self-fund participation in the courses

First Attempt at Spectroscopic Detection of Gravity Modes in a Long-Period Pulsating Subdwarf B Star -- PG 1627+017

In the first spectroscopic campaign for a PG 1716 variable (or long-period pulsating subdwarf B star), we succeeded in detecting velocity variations due to g-mode pulsations at a level of 1.0-1.5 km/s.The observations were obtained during 40 nights on 2-m class telescopes in Arizona, South Africa,and Australia. The target,PG1627+017, is one of the brightest and largest amplitude stars in its class.It is also the visible component of a post-common envelope binary.Our final radial velocity data set includes 84 hours of time-series spectroscopy over a time baseline of 53 days. Our derived radial velocity amplitude spectrum, after subtracting the orbital motion, shows three potential pulsational modes 3-4 sigma above the mean noise level, at 7201.0s,7014.6s and 7037.3s.Only one of the features is statistically likely to be real,but all three are tantalizingly close to, or a one day alias of, the three strongest periodicities found in the concurrent photometric campaign. We further attempted to detect pulsational variations in the Balmer line amplitudes. The single detected periodicity of 7209 s, although weak, is consistent with theoretical expectations as a function of wavelength.Furthermore, it allows us to rule out a degree index of l= 3 or l= 5 for that mode. Given the extreme weakness of g-mode pulsations in these stars,we conclude that anything beyond simply detecting their presence will require larger telescopes,higher efficiency spectral monitoring over longer time baselines,improved longitude coverage, and increased radial velocity precision.Comment: 39 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, ApJ accepted. See postscript for full abtrac

Parenteral Nutrition in Advanced Cancer: The Healthcare Providers’ Perspective

Introduction: The evidence base for parenteral nutrition (PN) in advanced cancer patients is limited. We studied healthcare providers’ (HCPs’) experiences with PN in cancer patients, focusing on perceived treatment benefits and challenges. Methods: An 18-item online survey was emailed to HCPs attending one of three regional palliative care seminars held within a 6-month period. The survey included single-response items, multiple-response items, and free text boxes concerning PN. Descriptive statistics and qualitative thematic content analysis were applied. Results: One hundred and two seminar participants completed the survey. Ninety-three percent were female, 86% were nurses/oncological nurses, and 80% worked in primary care. Respondents reported a well-functioning collaboration across levels of care. They perceived that PN may increase the patients’ level of energy, improve the general condition, and reduce eating-related distress. On the downside, HCPs observed burdensome side effects, that the treatment was resource-demanding, and that decisions on PN withdrawal were difficult. Conclusion: The study results are based on the perspectives of more than 100 HCPs with comprehensive clinical experience with PN. Their knowledge represents an important experience base for improvement of healthcare services and advanced care planning.publishedVersio