1,031 research outputs found
Challenges for Implementing a PTSD Preventive Genomic Sequencing Program in the U.S. Military
There is growing interest in using the quickly developing field of genomics to contribute to military readiness and effectiveness. Specifically, influential military advisory panels have recommended that the U.S. military apply genomics to help treat, prevent, or minimize the risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among service members. This article highlights some important scientific, legal, and ethical challenges regarding the development and deployment of a preventive genomic sequencing (PGS) program to predict the risk of PTSD among military service members
Challenges for Implementing a PTSD Preventive Genomic Sequencing Program in the U.S. Military
Residential segregation and cultural dissemination: An Axelrod-Schelling model
In the Axelrod's model of cultural dissemination, we consider mobility of
cultural agents through the introduction of a density of empty sites and the
possibility that agents in a dissimilar neighborhood can move to them if their
mean cultural similarity with the neighborhood is below some threshold. While
for low values of the density of empty sites the mobility enhances the
convergence to a global culture, for high enough values of it the dynamics can
lead to the coexistence of disconnected domains of different cultures. In this
regime, the increase of initial cultural diversity paradoxically increases the
convergence to a dominant culture. Further increase of diversity leads to
fragmentation of the dominant culture into domains, forever changing in shape
and number, as an effect of the never ending eroding activity of cultural
minorities
No two without three: Modelling dynamics of the trio RNA virus-defective interfering genomes-RNA satellite
Almost all viruses, regardless of their genomic material, produce defective
viral genomes (DVG) as an unavoidable byproduct of their error-prone
replication. Defective interfering (DI) elements are a subgroup of DVGs that
have been shown to interfere with the replication of the wild-type (WT) virus.
Along with DIs, other genetic elements known as satellite RNAs (satRNAs), that
show no genetic relatedness with the WT virus, can co-infect cells with WT
helper viruses and take advantage of viral proteins for their own benefit.
These satRNAs have effects that range from reduced symptom severity to enhanced
virulence. The interference dynamics of DIs over WT viruses has been thoroughly
modelled at within-cell, within-host, and population levels. However, nothing
is known about the dynamics resulting from the nonlinear interactions between
WT viruses and DIs in the presence of satellites, a process that is frequently
seen in plant RNA viruses and in biomedically relevant pathosystems like
hepatitis B virus and its satellite. Here, we look into a
phenomenological mathematical model that describes how a WT virus replicates
and produces DIs in presence of a satRNA at the intra-host level. The WT virus
is subject to mechanisms of complementation, competition, and various levels of
interference from DIs and the satRNA. Examining the dynamics analytically and
numerically reveals three possible stable states: (i) full extinction, (ii)
satellite extinction and virus-DIs coexistence and (iii) full coexistence.
Assuming DIs replicate faster than the satRNA owed to their smaller size drives
to scenario (ii), which implies that DIs could wipe out the satRNA. In
addition, a small region of the parameter space exists wherein the system is
bistable (either scenarios (ii) or (iii) are concurrently stable).Comment: 22 pages, 9 figure
Co-evolutionnary network approach to cultural dynamics controlled by intolerance
Starting from Axelrod's model of cultural dissemination, we introduce a
rewiring probability, enabling agents to cut the links with their unfriendly
neighbors if their cultural similarity is below a tolerance parameter. For low
values of tolerance, rewiring promotes the convergence to a frozen monocultural
state. However, intermediate tolerance values prevent rewiring once the network
is fragmented, resulting in a multicultural society even for values of initial
cultural diversity in which the original Axelrod model reaches globalization
Avulsión del tubérculo tibial asociada a epifisiólisis proximal de tibia
Las lesiones de la tuberosidad tibial anterior son fracturas poco frecuentes que se
presentan generalmente en adolescentes. Su extensión fisaria hacia la cortical posterior constituye
un hecho infrecuente. Algunos autores consideran necesaria la modificación de la clasifícacion
de Watson-Jones añadiéndole un tipo IV. Se presenta un caso de epifisiólisis proximal de tibia asociada
a avulsión del tubérculo tibial, se discute dicha clasificación, el mecanismo de producción
y revisión de la literaturaFractures of the anterior tibial tubercle are uncommon lesions, adolescents being
more frequently affected. Physeal extension through the posterior tibial cortical bone is rare. Some
authors have suggested that a new type IV can be added to the Watson-Jones classiflcation. In
this paper, we report a case with epiphysiolisis of the proximal tibia associated to an avulsion fracture
of the anterior tibial tubercle. The Watson-Jones classiflcation, the mechanism of injury are
discussed together a review of the literature
Robot Localization in Tunnels: Combining Discrete Features in a Pose Graph Framework; 35214292
Robot localization inside tunnels is a challenging task due to the special conditions of these environments. The GPS-denied nature of these scenarios, coupled with the low visibility, slippery and irregular surfaces, and lack of distinguishable visual and structural features, make traditional robotics methods based on cameras, lasers, or wheel encoders unreliable. Fortunately, tunnels provide other types of valuable information that can be used for localization purposes. On the one hand, radio frequency signal propagation in these types of scenarios shows a predictable periodic structure (periodic fadings) under certain settings, and on the other hand, tunnels present structural characteristics (e.g., galleries, emergency shelters) that must comply with safety regulations. The solution presented in this paper consists of detecting both types of features to be introduced as discrete sources of information in an alternative graph-based localization approach. The results obtained from experiments conducted in a real tunnel demonstrate the validity and suitability of the proposed system for inspection applications. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
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