Ascorbic acid and fat content in the red and white muscles of carp, Catla catla

Ascorbic acid, the degrdn. products of ascorbic acid, and total fat content were analyzed in the red and white muscles of lateral musculature of riverine major carp C. catla. The white muscles are characterized by low fat, high I no., and high water content. The white muscles contain 2.5-​3 times more ascorbic acid, ∼12 times less dehydroascorbic acid, and 1-​2 times less diketogulonic acid than the red muscles. Postmortem changes and cold storage of these muscles altered the relative proportions of the above substances in varying amts. The data on the relative ratios of ascorbic acid and its metabolites, as well as ascorbic acid oxidase activity, suggested that ascorbic acid oxidn. is higher in red muscle than in white muscle

An Experimental Study and Correlation for Differential Settling of Bidisperse Suspensions

Sedimentation processes have wide practical applications in mineral processing, metallurgical industries, chemical engineering, environmental technologies, water treatment, and bio-process engineering. The sedimentation process is complex in nature since it involves the physical properties of both the solids and the fluids forming the suspensions as well as the hydrodynamic and physico/chemical phenomena that govern particle-fluid and particle-particle behaviour. The aim of this study is to measure experimentally the lower and upper interface velocities in bidisperse suspensions of solids in liquids using liquids and solids with a wide range in physical properties, and more specifically in solids concentration (glass ballotini and sand) covering concentrated and diluted suspensions. The study covers the experimental investigations on the settling rate of bidisperse suspensions in liquids using particles of equal density and at very low particle Reynolds number (Stoke’s law region) and the voidage ranges from = 0.62 to 0.95. A correlation is developed for the representation of the experimental data for the particles of two different dimension. The experimental data have been compared with the predictions of the present proposed model as well as the models reported in the literature. An empirical correlation for 2S1 is also proposed and its dependency on the particle diameter and the concentrations is discussed

Sensitivity to image recurrence across eye-movement-like image transitions through local serial inhibition in the retina

Standard models of stimulus encoding in the retina postulate that image presentations activate neurons according to the increase of preferred contrast inside the receptive field. During natural vision, however, images do not arrive in isolation, but follow each other rapidly, separated by sudden gaze shifts. We here report that, contrary to standard models, specific ganglion cells in mouse retina are suppressed after a rapid image transition by changes in visual patterns across the transition, but respond with a distinct spike burst when the same pattern reappears. This sensitivity to image recurrence depends on opposing effects of glycinergic and GABAergic inhibition and can be explained by a circuit of local serial inhibition. Rapid image transitions thus trigger a mode of operation that differs from the processing of simpler stimuli and allows the retina to tag particular image parts or to detect transition types that lead to recurring stimulus patterns

Some remarks on the hyperelliptic moduli of genus 3

In 1967, Shioda \cite{Shi1} determined the ring of invariants of binary octavics and their syzygies using the symbolic method. We discover that the syzygies determined in \cite{Shi1} are incorrect. In this paper, we compute the correct equations among the invariants of the binary octavics and give necessary and sufficient conditions for two genus 3 hyperelliptic curves to be isomorphic over an algebraically closed field $k$, $\ch k \neq 2, 3, 5, 7$. For the first time, an explicit equation of the hyperelliptic moduli for genus 3 is computed in terms of absolute invariants.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1209.044

Analysis of visual function and quality of life in patients with uveitis

AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess the visual function and vision related quality of life and to correlate between them in uveitis (Pre and post treatment). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Visual acuity was measured using Snellen’s chart.Contrast sensitivity both day and night situations with and without glare was measured using Functional Acuity Contrast test (Stereopotical Optec 6500P FVA). VR-QOL measured using IND-VFQ 33 questionnaire. RESULTS: 108 eyes of 54 patients were studied. Visual acuity, Contrast sensitivity and Vision related quality of life was significantly improved in patients with Anterior and Intermediate Uveitis but not significantly improved in posterior and Panuveitis post treatment. Overall assessment showed that visual function and quality of life improved significantly in patients with uveitis post treatment. Hence treatment has effect on visual function and vision related quality of life. There is a close correlation of Visual acuity with vision related quality of life (P < 0.001) and with Contrast Sensitivity (P < 0.001). There is close correlation with Quality of life and Contrast sensitivity in day time with and without glare (P < 0.001) and also night time with and without glare(P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It is that visual acuity,contrast sensitivity in day and night situations with and without glare can be used as a tool to assess Vision related quality of life in patients with uveitis. Treatment has effect on visual function and quality of life. Contrast Sensitivity will show how patients will perform in real life situations

Mixed Metal & Polynuclear Complexes in Ti (IV)-Cu(II)-Tartrate System

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Solution Conformation of Polymer Brushes Determines Their Interactions with DNA and Transfection Efficiency

M.K. thanks Queen Mary, University of London for her PhD studentship. The authors are grateful to the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT, IG2011-2048) for financial support. T.G-S. acknowledges the Graduate School of Abo Akademi and J.M.R. the Academy of Finland (project #284542) for financial aid

The 2-allocation p-hub median problem and a modified Benders decomposition method for solving hub location problems

We study the uncapacitated 2-allocation p-hub median problem (U2ApHMP), which is a special case of the well-studied hub median problem. The hub median problem designs a hub network in which the location of p hubs needs to be decided (the hubs are fully interconnected). The other nodes (known as access nodes) in the hub median problem are then allocated to one or many hubs. In the U2ApHMP, each access node is allocated to exactly two hubs. We discuss how this problem provides an alternative network design option for well-known p-hub median problems. We show its relevance and usefulness in the context of survivable network design and show that it addresses network survivability, a feature that has often been largely overlooked in hub network design research to date. We show that U2ApHMP is NP-hard even for a fixed/known set of hubs. We propose a mathematical formulation and develop a modified Benders decomposition method for this problem. In this, we convert the corresponding subproblems to minimum cost network flow problems. This allows us to solve large instances efficiently. We believe that, while our resulting method solves the U2ApHMP efficiently, it is also generalisable and can potentially be employed for solving other classes and types of hub location problems too

Liquid Xenon Detectors for Positron Emission Tomography

PET is a functional imaging technique based on detection of annihilation photons following beta decay producing positrons. In this paper, we present the concept of a new PET system for preclinical applications consisting of a ring of twelve time projection chambers filled with liquid xenon viewed by avalanche photodiodes. Simultaneous measurement of ionization charge and scintillation light leads to a significant improvement to spatial resolution, image quality, and sensitivity. Simulated performance shows that an energy resolution of <10% (FWHM) and a sensitivity of 15% are achievable. First tests with a prototype TPC indicate position resolution <1 mm (FWHM).Comment: Paper presented at the International Nuclear Physics Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 201