Ileal immune tonus is a prognosis marker of proximal colon cancer in mice and patients

Ileal epithelial cell apoptosis and the local microbiota modulate the effects of oxaliplatin against proximal colon cancer by modulating tumor immunosurveillance. Here, we identified an ileal immune profile associated with the prognosis of colon cancer and responses to chemotherapy. The whole immune ileal transcriptome was upregulated in poor-prognosis patients with proximal colon cancer, while the colonic immunity of healthy and neoplastic areas was downregulated (except for the Th17 fingerprint) in such patients. Similar observations were made across experimental models of implanted and spontaneous murine colon cancer, showing a relationship between carcinogenesis and ileal inflammation. Conversely, oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy could restore a favorable, attenuated ileal immune fingerprint in responders. These results suggest that chemotherapy inversely shapes the immune profile of the ileum-tumor axis, influencing clinical outcome

Chemotherapy-induced ileal crypt apoptosis and the ileal microbiome shape immunosurveillance and prognosis of proximal colon cancer

The prognosis of colon cancer (CC) is dictated by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, including follicular helper T (TFH) cells and the efficacy of chemotherapy-induced immune responses. It remains unclear whether gut microbes contribute to the elicitation of TFH cell-driven responses. Here, we show that the ileal microbiota dictates tolerogenic versus immunogenic cell death of ileal intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the accumulation of TFH cells in patients with CC and mice. Suppression of IEC apoptosis led to compromised chemotherapy-induced immunosurveillance against CC in mice. Protective immune responses against CC were associated with residence of Bacteroides fragilis and Erysipelotrichaceae in the ileum. In the presence of these commensals, apoptotic ileal IECs elicited PD-1+ TFH cells in an interleukin-1R1- and interleukin-12-dependent manner. The ileal microbiome governed the efficacy of chemotherapy and PD-1 blockade in CC independently of microsatellite instability. These findings demonstrate that immunogenic ileal apoptosis contributes to the prognosis of chemotherapy-treated CC

Bioética y catolicismo: dificultades en torno a la constitución de una identidad colectiva

Para 1994, las preocupaciones sobre los avances científicos en términos de biomedicina como la manipulación genética, la reproducción asistida, la anticoncepción y el aborto llevaron al Papa Juan Pablo II a instituir formalmente a la Pontificia Academia para la Vida con el objetivo de defender y promover la vida mediante el estudio y monitoreo de los avances médicos y el derecho. En Argentina, para fines de la década del noventa, algunos movimientos católicos iniciaron la formación de laicos en bioética, apoyando la idea de que son ellos, especialmente los profesionales de la salud, quienes deben difundir los postulados doctrinarios en el territorio, allí donde se encuentran los bautizados. Este trabajo intentará dar cuenta de las estrategias de producción identitarias por parte de algunos líderes católicos bioéticos de un grupo que se dedica a formar laicos en bioética, durante el año 2008.<br>In 1994, the Catholic Pope, Juan Pablo II, founded the Pontifical Academy for Life due to the new scientific developments in genetics, contraception, in vitro fertilization and abortion. The main objective of this academy was to defend and promote human life by means of studying and monitoring science and law progress. At the end of the 1990s, In Argentina, some catholic movements began training lays, especially health professionals, in bioethics so that they could spread their ideas and beliefs in the territory, where the baptized people are. This work will treat the identity production strategies of some catholic bioethics' leaders of a group whose work is to teach bioethics to lays during 2008

Combined Model Calibration and Spatial Aggregation

Combined models, Parameter estimation, Spatial aggregation, Omission bias,

Sequential Isolation of DNA, RNA, Protein, and Metabolite Fractions from Murine Organs and Intestinal Contents for Integrated Omics of Host–Microbiota Interactions

International audienc