Glifosat-bazlı herbisite prenatal ve neonatal dönemde maruziyet yenidoğan rat ovaryumunda primordiyalden primer foliküle geçişi azaltır: Bir ön çalışma

This study investigated how a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) affects the proportional distribution of ovarian follicles that develop from the 18th day of the embryo period (E18) to the 7th postnatal day (PND7) in newborn female rats. A total of 6 pregnant rats that were used in the study were divided into two groups so that there would be 3 pregnant rats in the control group and 3 pregnant rats in the GBH group. Starting from E21 to E18 the pregnant rats in the experimental group were administered at 50 mg/kg/day GBH subcutaneously (s.c.) and the physiological saline was administered as vehicle to the control group. Subsequently, female pups received vehicle or 2 mg/kg GBH from PND1 to PND7. On PND8, all female offspring (neonatal period, 6 newborn female rats from each group) were sacrificed by light ether anesthesia. For the histological examination of the dissected ovaries, the primordial, primary, secondary and preantral follicle numbers were determined using Crossman's modified triple staining method and Periodic Acid-Shiff (PAS) staining methods. The percentage of primordial follicles was significantly higher in the ovaries of female rats in GBH exposed group compare to the control group. However, the percentage of primary, secondary and preantral follicles was lower. Thus, it was observed that prenatal and neonatal GBH exposure decreased the transition of primordial follicle to primary follicle.Yapılan bu çalışmada glifosat bazlı herbisit (GBH)'in yenidoğan dişi sıçanlarda embriyo döneminin 18. gününden (E18) doğum sonrası 7.gün (PND7) arasında gelişmekte olan ovaryum foliküllerinin oransal dağılımını nasıl etkilediği araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan toplam 6 gebe sıçan; 3 gebe sıçan kontrol grubunda, 3 gebe sıçan GBH grubunda olacak şekilde 2 gruba ayrıldı. Gebe sıçanlara E18’den başlayarak E21. güne kadar günlük subkutan olarak (s.c.) deney grubuna 50 mg/kg/gün GBH ve kontrol grubuna ise taşıt madde FTS (fizyolojik tuzlu su) uygulandı. Daha sonra yenidoğan dişi yavru sıçanlara PND1’den PND7’ye kadar 2 mg/kg dozunda GBH ve taşıt madde uygulamasına devam edildi. Son ilaç uygulamadan bir gün sonra PND8’de (neonatal periyot, 6 dişi yavru/her grupta) yavru dişi sıçanlar hafif eter anestezi ile sakrifiye edildi. Diseke edilen ovaryumların histolojik incelemesi için Crossman’ın modifiye üçlü boyama yöntemi ve Periodic Acid-Shiff (PAS) boyama yöntemleri kullanılarak primordial, primer, sekonder ve preantral folikül sayıları belirlendi. GBH’ye maruz kalan dişi yavru sıçanların ovaryumları kontrol grubuna göre karşılaştırıldığında primordial foliküllerin yüzdesi önemli derecede fazla bulundu. Bununla birlikte primer, sekonder ve preantral folikül yüzdesinin ise azlığı dikkat çekti. Sonuç olarak prenatal ve neonatal GBH maruziyetinin primordial-primer folikül geçişini azalttığı gözlenmiştir

Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Ovarian and Uterine Carcinosarcomas

Background: Prognostic factors and the standard treatment approach for gynaecological carcinosarco-mas have not yet been clearly defined. Although car-cinosarcomas are more aggressive than pure epithelial tumours, they are treated similarly. Serous/clear cell and endometrioid components may be predictive fac-tors for the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy (RT) or RT in patients with uterine and ovarian carcinosarcomas. Heterologous carcino-sarcomas may benefit more from adjuvant CT.Aims: We aimed to define the prognostic and predic-tive factors associated with treatment options in ovar-ian (OCS) and uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS).Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional studyMethods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical re-cords of patients with ovarian and uterine carcinosar-coma from 2000 to 2013, and 127 women were includ-ed in this study (24 ovarian and 103 uterine). Patients admitted to seventeen oncology centres in Turkey be-tween 2000 and December 2013 with a histologically proven diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma with FIGO 2009 stage I-III and patients with sufficient data ob-tained from well-kept medical records were included in this study. Stage IV tumours were excluded. The pa-tient records were retrospectively reviewed. Data from 104 patients were evaluated for this study.Results: Age (>=70 years) was a poor prognostic factor for UCS (p=0.036). Pelvic±para aortic lymph node dis-section did not affect overall survival (OS) (p=0.35). Macroscopic residual disease was related with OS (p<0.01). The median OS was significantly longer in stage I-II patients than stage III patients (p=0.03). Adjuvant treatment improved OS (p=0.013). Adju-vant radiotherapy tended to increase the median O

Outcomes of surveillance versus adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage IA and IB nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors

WOS: 000404154000013PubMed ID: 27812752Background Currently, it is accepted that risk assessment of clinical stage I (CS I) nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) patient is mainly dependent on the presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI). Initial active surveillance, adjuvant chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) are acceptable treatment options for these patients, but there is no uniform consensus. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of active surveillance with adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods A total of 201 patients with CS I NSGCT after orchiectomy were included. Outcomes of active surveillance and adjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The prognostic significance of risk factors for survival and relapse was evaluated. Results Of the 201 patients, 110 (54.7%) received adjuvant chemotherapy, while the remaining 91 patients (45.3%) underwent surveillance. Relapses were significantly higher for patients underwent surveillance compared to adjuvant chemotherapy group (18.3 vs. 1.2%, p 50% (p = 0.013) and tumor diameter (p = 0.016) were found to be independent factors for predicting relapse. Conclusion Our results indicate that adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved RFS compared with surveillance for CS I NSGCT patients. Moreover, the treatment strategy is an important prognostic indicator for RFS and a predictive factor for relapse. Although adjuvant chemotherapy seems to be a suitable treatment for patients with risk factors for relapse, surveillance is still preferred management option

Treatment preferences in stage IA and IB testicular seminoma: Multicenter study of anatolian society of medical oncology

WOS: 000361841900031PubMed ID: 25605506Approximately 75 % of patients with testicular seminoma present with stage I disease, and the probability of long-term survival approaches 100 %. However, the standard adjuvant treatment for stage I seminoma patients remains controversial, and there is no uniform consensus in the literature. The present study was performed to evaluate treatment preference and outcomes for men with stage I testicular seminoma. From 1997 to 2013, 282 patients with histologically confirmed stage IA and IB testicular seminoma who underwent orchiectomy were included. The outcomes of three management options and survivals were retrospectively analyzed. The prognostic significance of risk factors for relapse on survival was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis; in addition, the factors predicting relapse were also evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Of the 282 patients with stage I seminoma, 130 (46.1) received adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), 80 (28.4 %) were treated with adjuvant carboplatin, while the remaining 72 patients (25.5 %) underwent surveillance. At the time of analysis, the median follow-up period of 38.5 months; relapses were observed in 16 patients (22.3 %) on surveillance, in one patient (1.2 %) treated with adjuvant carboplatin and in ten patients (%7.7) who received adjuvant RT. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate for patients who underwent surveillance was worse than those of patients treated with adjuvant carboplatin and RT (64.2 vs. 97.7 vs. 91.9 %, respectively; p < 0.001). However, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate for patients on surveillance was similar compared with the adjuvant treatment groups (100 vs. 92.3 vs. 97.4 %, respectively; p = 0.44). Univariate analysis showed that only the treatment approach (surveillance vs. adjuvant carboplatin vs. adjuvant RT) for DFS (p < 0.001), invasion of the rete testis (p = 0.041) and the presence of relapse (p < 0.001) for OS were important prognostic indicators. Multivariate analysis indicated that the treatment strategy for DFS (p < 0.001, HR 0.34) was an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, a logistic regression analysis showed that adjuvant treatment was found to be an independent factor for predicting relapse (p = 0.004, odds ratio: 0.39). Our results indicate that adjuvant treatment with carboplatin or RT is associated with improved DFS compared with surveillance for men with stage I testicular seminoma after orchiectomy. Moreover, the treatment strategy is an important prognostic indicator for DFS and a predictive factor for relapse. Although adjuvant treatment, especially carboplatin, seems to be a suitable treatment for patients with risk factors for relapse, surveillance is still feasible and the preferred management option after radical orchiectomy in men with stage I seminoma. More reliable predictive factors are needed to make treatment decisions

Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Ovarian and Uterine Carcinosarcomas.

Prognostic factors and the standard treatment approach for gynaecological carcinosarcomas have not yet been clearly defined. Although carcinosarcomas are more aggressive than pure epithelial tumours, they are treated similarly. Serous/clear cell and endometrioid components may be predictive factors for the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy (RT) or RT in patients with uterine and ovarian carcinosarcomas. Heterologous carcinosarcomas may benefit more from adjuvant CT