The socio-spatial structure of post-socialist Łódź, Poland. Results of national census 2002.

Growing social and spatial segregation, stemming from the mounting social polarization, is not only limited to Western cities. Currently, it is widely acknowledged that the aforementioned processes have become a salient feature of post-socialist cities and regions. Unfortunately, available data portraying this phenomenon in the CEE states were primarily gathered in capital areas. Exposed to social and economic globalization from the early stages of political transformation, those urban settings constitute rapidly developing hubs of growth, significantly differing from 'second-tier' cities. This contribution seeks to examine if the processes shaping the social and urban fabric of global cities and post-socialist metropolises are comprehensible in the residential structure of Łódź. Deploying quantitative methods the paper presents a detailed spatial analysis of Łódź's socio-spatial differentiations. The synthetic typology and the resulting model of residential structure summarize the contribution

Małe miasta a proces urbanizacji – przykład województwa łódzkiego

Celem niniejszego rozdziału jest ustalenie stopnia zaawansowania procesu dekoncentracji ludności w województwie łódzkim w okresie transformacji ustrojowej. Z uwagi na gwałtowny rozwój suburbanizacji w regionach miejskich Polski i innych krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej, w analizie dynamiki ludnościowej nacisk położony został także na przemiany w głównym regionie miejskim województwa – Łódzkim Obszarze Metropolitalnym (ŁOM). Zarówno w analizach zmian globalnych oraz przestrzennych w skali województwa, jak i ŁOM uwaga skupiona została na miastach małych (do 20 tys. mieszkańców). Głównymi zmiennymi wykorzystanymi w badaniach były: liczba ludności i jej zmiany oraz saldo migracji.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00

Market-Based Housing Reforms and the Residualization of Public Housing: The Experience of Lodz, Poland

This article is part of the issue “Vicious Circle of Segregation: Understanding the Connectedness of Spatial Inequality across Generations and Life Domains” edited by Tiit Tammaru (University of Tartu, Estonia), Siiri Silm (University of Tartu, Estonia), Frank Witlox (Ghent University, Belgium), Maarten van Ham (Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands) and Madli-Johanna Maidla (University of Tartu, Estonia).Housing inequality is one of the central topics in urban studies, and in the social sciences more broadly. It is also one of the most significant and visible aspects of socioeconomic inequality. Over the last three decades, the process of housing commodification has accelerated across western societies and, consequently, the public housing sector has contracted and become more closely associated with the poorest sections of societies in many cities. Over the same period, the political changes in Central and Eastern Europe have contributed to the dismantling and monetizing of state housing sectors at the forefront of broader social and economic transformations. Unfortunately, most recent studies on housing commodification and inequalities in Europe are confined to the national scale. The aim of this article is to detail the linkages between the position and functioning of public housing in Lodz (Poland) and the evolving socioeconomic profile of individuals and households that rely on public housing. This study relies on microdata (statistical information on individuals and households) from two national Polish censuses (1978 and 2002) and from household budget surveys (2003–2013). The main finding of our study is that ‘residualization’ is present in the public housing stock in Lodz and that the process gained momentum in the first decade of the 2000s

Socioeconomic segregation in European capital cities. Increasing separation between poor and rich

The research leading to this paper has received funding from the Estonian Research Council (Institutional Research Grant IUT no. 2–17 on Spatial Population Mobility and Geographical Changes in Urban Regions); European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) /ERC Grant Agreement no. 615159 (ERC Consolidator Grant DEPRIVEDHOODS, Socio-spatial Inequality, Deprived Neighborhoods, and Neighborhood Effects); and from the Marie Curie programme under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) /Career Integration Grant no. PCIG10-GA-2011-303728 (CIG Grant NBHCHOICE, Neighborhood Choice, Neighborhood Sorting, and Neighborhood Effects); and direct funding from the Universities of Amsterdam and Lodz.Socioeconomic inequality is on the rise in major European cities, as are concerns over it, since it is seen as a threat to social cohesion and stability. Surprisingly, relatively little is known about the spatial dimensions of rising socioeconomic inequality. This paper builds on a study of socioeconomic segregation in 12 European cities: Amsterdam, Athens, Budapest, London, Madrid, Oslo, Prague, Riga, Stockholm, Tallinn, Vienna, and Vilnius. Data used derive from national censuses and registers for 2001 and 2011. The main conclusion is that socioeconomic segregation has increased. This paper develops a rigorous multifactor approach to understand segregation and links it to four underlying, partially overlapping, structural factors: social inequalities, globalization and economic restructuring, welfare regimes, and housing systems. Taking into account contextual factors resulted in a better understanding of actual segregation levels, while introducing time lags between structural factors and segregation outcomes will likely further improve the theoretical model.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Chapter 1 A multi-factor approach to understanding socio-economic segregation in European capital cities

Growing inequalities in Europe, even in the most egalitarian countries, are a major challenge threatening the sustainability of urban communities and the competive- ness of European cities. Surprisingly, though, there is a lack of systematic and representative research on the spatial dimension of rising inequalities. This gap is filled by our book project Socio-Economic Segregation in European Capital Cities: East Meets West, with empirical evidence from Amsterdam, Athens, Budapest, London, Madrid, Milan, Oslo, Prague, Riga, Stockholm, Tallinn, Vienna and Vilnius. This introductory chapter outlines the background to this interna- tional comparative research and introduces a multi-factor approach to studying socio-economic segregation. The chapter focuses on four underlying universal structural factors: social inequalities, global city status, welfare regime and the housing system. Based on these factors, we propose a hypothetical ranking of segregation levels in the thirteen case study cities. As the conclusions of this book show, the hypothetical ranking and the actual ranking of cities by segregation levels only match partly; the explanation for this can be sought in context-specific factors which will be discussed in-depth in each of the case study chapters.Publishe