Spatial and infrastructural conditions of functioning of the contemporary tourism market : analysis of selected issues

PURPOSE: The main purpose of the article is to indicate the role of tourism development in the functioning of the contemporary tourism market. The article shows the importance of properly planned tourism development in the service of modern tourist traffic. This article focuses primarily on the characteristics of the tourist offer, including accommodation services, and the analysis of selected specific factors, i.e. spatial and infrastructural factors that are essential for the functioning of the accommodation services market, regardless of whether we are dealing with a global or local space.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The contemporary market of tourist services consists of tourist supply, which is expressed by service providers' readiness to provide services in a specific time and space, tourist demand, which is expressed by buyers' intentions to purchase tourist services, and prices for tourist services. The research hypothesis was defined as follows: The tourism industry and its infrastructural needs, which are necessary to ensure an efficient tourist service, mean that the creation and functioning of the tourist services market requires the involvement of large financial capital, both initial and development.FINDINGS: Without a properly developed infrastructure of the tourist space, it is impossible to talk about its attractiveness and full operational and development functionality of the market. The development of tourism is a fundamental element.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Properly correlated in terms of functionality and service, these factors determine e.g. the directions of development of the tourism market, including the accommodation market, and the shape of its supply side.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The article has a practical application. The results can be used by people planning the development of tourism in specific tourist areas.The project is financed within the framework of the program of the Minister of Science and Higher Education under the name “Regional Excellence Initiative” in the years 2019 – 2022; project number 001/RID/2018/19; the amount of financing PLN 10,684,000.00.peer-reviewe

Sources staff as a factor of service innovation in the modern hotel industry : analysis of selected issues

PURPOSE: The main objective of the article is to indicate the role of staff in the formation of pro-innovative politics in the service activities of modern hotel facilities. The paper shows how important the role of staff is in hotel service and that it is a major factor in innovation activities.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: In today's market, service companies, as a result of competitive factors, must pursue strategic key organisational objectives such as survival and growth. One industry where service innovation plays a particularly important role is the modern hotel industry. A hotel business, regardless of type, should be able to create or adapt service innovations, otherwise the lack of modernity that comes from innovation will benefit the competition. The research hypothesis was defined as follows: an important source of innovation in hotel services is individual hotel employees, regardless of their position and place in the organisational structure.FINDINGS: The creativity, entrepreneurship, level of knowledge and appropriate qualifications of individual employees become important for a hotel enterprise in the course of implementing its market service strategy. Each of them can be an innovator.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: A practical aspect of service innovation on the part of staff is the right selection of employees at the recruitment and hiring stage. When looking for innovative solutions and factors in the personnel selection process in the hotel industry, three basic factors should be taken into account, such as expertise in the profession of hotelier, the characteristic personality traits of a hotel employee, the sense of self identity as an employee belonging to a certain management system and the ability to cooperate in an integrated personnel team.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The paper is of practical use. The results can be used by those responsible for the hotel management process, especially recruiters.peer-reviewe

Renewable energy source as alternative Polish conventional energy : analysis of selected spatial aspects

PURPOSE: The aim of the article is to indicate the role and place of renewable energy sources in the energy policy of each country, especially those dominated by conventional energy. As practice and statistical data on the development of energy based on renewable energy sources show, this type of energy can be and often is an alternative to conventional energy, especially when looking at this issue from the regional point of view.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Concern for the climate should become an element of everyday life of every inhabitant of the Earth, every company and all countries. Economic and political alternatives to classic coal-fired energy should be sought. The research hypothesis was defined as follows: Investing private and public money in renewable energy sources is currently and will certainly be, at least until 2050, of decisive importance in counteracting visible and invisible climate change.FINDINGS: Each country, for which the issue of climate change is no stranger to it, should develop a model of production, distribution and consumption of energy from renewable sources appropriately adapted to its development possibilities, in which private energy producers, including prosumers, should also find their place.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Renewable energy sources bring many economic and political benefits, both in the macroeconomic and local aspects. Most scientific studies focus on the benefits and positives of RES development, especially in comparison to traditional energy. Many specialists focus not only on current aspects, but also on climate, political and economic effects that will take place in the future.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The article has a practical application. The results can be used by people planning the development of traditional energy system.The project is financed within the framework of the program of the Minister of Science and Higher Education under the name “Regional Excellence Initiative” in the years 2019 – 2022; project number 001/RID/2018/19; the amount of financing PLN 10,684,000.00.peer-reviewe

Creation and promotion of branded tourism products : analysis of selected issues

PURPOSE: The principal aim of the article is to identify the main factors that influence the creation of a branded tourism product. Its implementation and operation is to be long-term and integrated with the tourist development of the locality or tourist region.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Promotion of a branded tourism product is primarily the totality of activities and decisions connected with advertising and shaping a positive image of the brand in the closer and further environment of the place of tourist reception. This is particularly important when such products are offered to consumers from European Union countries, who attach great importance to branded products. The research hypothesis was defined as follows: creating a branded tourism product must involve investing in local tourism, i.e. in the development of tourist facilities.FINDINGS: Local authorities, within the framework of the local tourism policy, should influence appropriate development of the components of their local tourism product, i.e., natural, cultural and social attractions, general and tourist infrastructure, services and transport accessibility, promotion of the tourism product.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Experience and conclusions of this study indicate that it is an important activity on the part of local authorities to foster the development of appropriate tourist and quasi-tourist infrastructure and to initiate pro-development activities, such as public-private partnership, obtaining resources from European funds, supporting private initiatives in the field of tourism development.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The paper is of practical use. The results can be used in particular by local decision makers in the development of local tourism products and in the creation of local tourism-based development strategies.The project is financed within the framework of the program of the Minister of Science and Higher Education under the name "Regional Excellence Initiative" in the years 2019 - 2022; project number 001/RID/2018/19; the amount of financing PLN 10,684,000.00".peer-reviewe

Long-term traffic forecasting in optical networks using Machine Learning

Knowledge about future traffic in backbone optical networks may greatly improve a range of tasks that Communications Service Providers (CSPs) have to face. This work proposes a procedure for long-term traffic forecasting in optical networks. We formulate a long-term traffic forecasting problem as an ordinal classification task. Due to the optical networks’ (and other network technologies’) characteristics, traffic forecasting has been realized by predicting future traffic levels rather than the exact traffic volume. We examine different machine learning (ML) algorithms and compare them with time series algorithms methods. To evaluate the developed ML models, we use a quality metric, which considers the network resource usage. Datasets used during research are based on real traffic patterns presented by Internet Exchange Point in Seattle. Our study shows that ML algorithms employed for long-term traffic forecasting problem obtain high values of quality metrics. Additionally, the final choice of the ML algorithm for the forecasting task should depend on CSPs expectations

Partycypacja społeczna jako warunek realizacji zamierzeń strategii rozwoju turystyki

Contemporary the public participation is very important element of all steps of the strategy activities: during study and implementation of the local development strategy. This kind of document must meet the local community development needs and the public consultations must be connecting with procedure of creating local strategy. The article is connecting with problems: how to create good and efficient strategy for local communities. But the main problems is: where is the place of community and public participation in this process and why this type of strategic documents are ineffective for many local beneficiaries (residents, entrepreneurs)

Strategia rozwoju turystyki jako narzędzie planowania na poziomie lokalnym na przykładzie gminy Karlino (woj. zachodniopomorskie)

Celem artykułu jest analiza korelacji między działaniami związanymi z planowaniem rozwoju turystyki na poziomie lokalnym a oczekiwaniem ukierunkowanego rozwoju danej przestrzeni. W tekście ukazano rolę władz gminy Karlino w realizacji działań o charakterze strategicznym oraz integracji lokalnych beneficjentów wokół takich przedsięwzięć. Omówiono również, jakie znaczenie dla lokalnej gospodarki turystycznej ma opracowanie strategii rozwoju turystyki i wdrażanie jej. Ponadto określono rolę i miejsce planowania strategicznego w tworzeniu i rozwijaniu potencjału turystycznego gminy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem gminy Karlino. W artykule scharakteryzowano również politykę turystyczną lokalnych władz samorządowych, a także obrane przez nie cele strategiczne, oraz wskazano kierunki rozwoju turystyki na badanym obszarze. W pracy wykorzystano następujące metody badawcze: ekspercką, obserwacyjną (z zastosowaniem techniki inwentaryzacyjnej, w tym spisu z natury elementów składowych analizowanej przestrzeni), monograficzną, sondażu diagnostycznego (z wykorzystaniem techniki ankietowania pracowników instytucji z badanego obszaru, obejmującego gminę Karlino, pozostałe gminy powiatu białogardzkiego, gminy Związku Miast i Gmin Dorzecza Parsęty), a także krytycznej analizy dokumentów i piśmiennictwa. Na przykładzie gminy Karlino i realizowanych w niej przedsięwzięć o charakterze strategicznym związanych z turystyką można stwierdzić, że planowanie jest jednym z najskuteczniejszych narzędzi gminnego rozwoju lokalnego. W szczególności aktywność taka pokazuje, że władze gminy mogą ukierunkować jej rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy, opierając się nie na działaniach obligatoryjnych, tylko fakultatywnych, mających na celu strategiczne wykorzystanie posiadanych zasobów endogenicznych. W artykule wskazano kierunki działania strategicznego na podstawie inwentaryzacji dostępnych zasobów endogenicznych. Ukazano również, jakie korzyści dla lokalnej gospodarki turystycznej przynosi opracowanie strategii rozwoju turystyki

Analiza porównawcza badań wilgotnościowych metodą chemiczną w stosunku do badań grawimetrycznych wybranych materiałów budowlanych

Metoda grawimetryczna, metoda bezpośrednia, uznawana jest za jedyny miarodajny sposób badania wilgotności. Funkcjonuje jednocześnie wiele metod pośrednich gdzie wynik pomiaru obarczony jest mniejszym lub większym błędem. Głównym celem artykułu jest określenie dokładności otrzymywanych wyników metodą chemiczną w stosunku do metody grawimetrycznej oraz wyznaczenie wzorów regresyjnych potrzebnych do skorygowania wyników

Strategy for the development of tourism as a tool for planning at a local level: The example of Karlino commune (West Pomeranian Voivodeship)

The study aims to analyse the correlation between planning tourism development at the local level and the development of the space that is being planned. Another goal is to determine the role of the local authorities (of the Karlino commune – gmina) in the implementation of strategic activities and the integration of various local beneficiaries around such activities. Further it will analyse how elaborating and implementing tourism development strategies may contribute to the local tourism economy and indicates the role and place of strategic planning in the process of creating and developing the tourist potential of a commune with particular emphasis on Karlino. The paper also discusses the tourism policy of Karlino’s local government as well as the strategic goals to be implemented and indicates its tourism development directions. The following research methods have been applied: expert method, observation method (using the inventory technique, physical inventory of the elements of the analysed space and actions taken), monographic method, document research, diagnostic survey analysis (using the survey technique of institutions from the examined area: Karlino commune, the communes of the Białogard powiat, the municipalities of the Association of Towns and Communes in the Parsęta Valley), and a critical literature review. The case of Karlino commune and its strategic activities in the field of tourism indicates that planning constitutes one of the most effective tools for local development. Such activity particularly shows that the commune can and wants to direct its socio-economic development based on optional (rather than obligatory) activities focused around the strategic use of endogenous resources. The paper indicates strategic action directions based on an inventory of such available endogenous resources. It shows how the local tourism economy may benefit from a tourism development strategy

Exploring new horizons : unleashing tourism potential through innovative product development inspired by surfing : an introductory exploration

PURPOSE: The aim of this article is to present the physical, geographical and spatial conditions of surfing in the world, and in particular to indicate the possibilities of creating new tourist products for active tourists.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The modern market of tourist services needs new tourist products and new activities that allow us to create a new offer for tourists. The research hypothesis was defined as follows: The tourism industry and its infrastructure needs necessary to ensure efficient tourist service mean that the creation of new tourist products contributes to the development of a given space, and one of the development tools may be surfing.FINDINGS: Without a properly developed infrastructure for tourism, it is impossible to talk about its attractiveness and full operational and development functionality of the market. Tourism development based on specific tourist activities is a basic element of spatial development.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Surfing brings many benefits and opportunities, among which there is certainly the joy of contact with the element that is the ocean, or perhaps an element that cannot be mastered, but can be understood and, in harmony with its nature, managed for the benefit of many.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The article has a practical application. The results can be used by people planning the development of traditional spatial tourism product.peer-reviewe