1,331 research outputs found
Non-Commutative Geometry from Strings
To appear in Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics, J.-P. Fran\c{c}oise, G.
Naber and T.S. Tsou, eds., Elsevier, 2006. The article surveys the modern
developments of noncommutative geometry in string theory.Comment: 26 pages, no figures. To appear in the Elsevier Encyclopedia of
Mathematical Physics. This web version has a more comprehensive list of
references. Comments and corrections welcome. v2: Typos corrected, references
and some comments added. v3: 27 pages. more references and Comments added.
v4: references added. Final versio
Torsional Ultrasound Sensor Optimization for Soft Tissue Characterization
Torsion mechanical waves have the capability to characterize shear stiffness moduli of soft tissue. Under this hypothesis, a computational methodology is proposed to design and optimize a piezoelectrics-based transmitter and receiver to generate and measure the response of torsional ultrasonic waves. The procedure employed is divided into two steps: (i) a finite element method (FEM) is developed to obtain a transmitted and received waveform as well as a resonance frequency of a previous geometry validated with a semi-analytical simplified model and (ii) a probabilistic optimality criteria of the design based on inverse problem from the estimation of robust probability of detection (RPOD) to maximize the detection of the pathology defined in terms of changes of shear stiffness. This study collects different options of design in two separated models, in transmission and contact, respectively. The main contribution of this work describes a framework to establish such as forward, inverse and optimization procedures to choose a set of appropriate parameters of a transducer. This methodological framework may be generalizable for other different applications.This research was supported by the Intituto de Salud Carlos III, projects DTS15-00093 (EU-FEDER), UNGRIS-CE-3664, the Ministry of Education DPI2014-51870-R and Junta de Andalucia for projects P11-CTS-8089 and GGI3000IDIB
High-order discontinuous Galerkin method for elastohydrodynamic lubrication line contact problems
In this paper a high-order discontinuous Galerkin method is used to solve steady-state isothermal line contact elastohydrodynamic lubrication problems. This method is found to be stable across a wide range of loads and is shown to permit accurate solutions using just a small number of degrees of freedom provided suitable grids are used.
A comparison is made between results obtained using this proposed method and those from a very large finite difference calculation in order to demonstrate excellent accuracy for a typical highly loaded test problem
Energy benchmarks for water clusters and ice structures from an embedded many-body expansion
We show how an embedded many-body expansion (EMBE) can be used to calculate
accurate \emph{ab initio} energies of water clusters and ice structures using
wavefunction-based methods. We use the EMBE described recently by Bygrave
\emph{et al.} (J. Chem. Phys. \textbf{137}, 164102 (2012)), in which the terms
in the expansion are obtained from calculations on monomers, dimers, etc. acted
on by an approximate representation of the embedding field due to all other
molecules in the system, this field being a sum of Coulomb and
exchange-repulsion fields. Our strategy is to separate the total energy of the
system into Hartree-Fock and correlation parts, using the EMBE only for the
correlation energy, with the Hartree-Fock energy calculated using standard
molecular quantum chemistry for clusters and plane-wave methods for crystals.
Our tests on a range of different water clusters up to the 16-mer show that for
the second-order M\o{}ller-Plesset (MP2) method the EMBE truncated at 2-body
level reproduces to better than 0.1 m/monomer the correlation energy
from standard methods. The use of EMBE for computing coupled-cluster energies
of clusters is also discussed. For the ice structures Ih, II and VIII, we find
that MP2 energies near the complete basis-set limit reproduce very well the
experimental values of the absolute and relative binding energies, but that the
use of coupled-cluster methods for many-body correlation (non-additive
dispersion) is essential for a full description. Possible future applications
of the EMBE approach are suggested
Improving Parenting to Promote School Readiness: A Preliminary Evaluation of the Books Can…© Public Library Program
The present study examines associations between parents’ involvement in an enhanced storytime program and parenting knowledge and efficacy for supporting their child’s socioemotional development and book reading. Books Can…© was developed by a public library to teach parents important child development information and strategies for supporting their child’s socioemotional learning. Parents and their young children participated in a 6-week interactive program that included book reading, songs, interactive activities, and parenting tips. Parents (n =119) completed questionnaires both prior to and after participating in the program. Multilevel general linear models compared responses to survey items before and after the program, indicating significant increases in parent knowledge, attitudes, and reading behavior by the end of the program. This study provides preliminary support documenting the benefits of the Books Can…© program. Moreover, results highlight public libraries and enhanced storytime programs as meaningful settings for promoting family involvement in children’s early learning
Background field quantization and non-commutative Maxwell theory
We quantize non-commutative Maxwell theory canonically in the background
field gauge for weak and slowly varying background fields. We determine the
complete basis for expansion under such an approximation. As an application, we
derive the Wigner function which determines the leading order high temperature
behavior of the perturbative amplitudes of non-commutative Maxwell theory. To
leading order, we also give a closed form expression for the distribution
function for the non-commutative gauge theory at high temperature.Comment: 9 pages, title slightly modified, to appear in Physics Letters
Electronic, vibrational and magnetic properties of a novel C_{48}N_{12} aza-fullerene
We study the structural, electronic, vibrational and magnetic properties of a
novel aza-fullerene using density functional theory
and restricted Hartree-Fock theory. Optimized geometries and total energy of
this fullerene have been calculated. We find that for the total ground state energy is about -67617 eV, the HOMO-LUMO gap is
about 1.9 eV, five strong IR spectral lines are located at the vibrational
frequencies, 461.5 , 568.4 , 579.3 , 1236.1 , 1338.9 , the Raman scattering
activities and depolarization ratios are zero, and 10 NMR spectral signals are
predicted. Calculations of diamagnetic shielding factor, static dipole
polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities of are
performed and discussed.Comment: published in Chem.Phys.Let
Drug, nicotine, and alcohol use among exercisers: does substance addiction co-occur with exercise addiction?
Background: Scholastic works suggest that those at risk for exercise addiction are also often addicted to illicit drugs, nicotine, and/or alcohol, but empirical evidence is lacking.
Aims: The aim of the present work was to examine the co-occurrence of illicit drug, nicotine, and alcohol use frequency (prevalence of users) and severity (level of problem in users) among exercisers classified at three levels of risk for exercise addiction: (i) asymptomatic, (ii) symptomatic, and (iii) at-risk.
Methods: A sample of 538 regular exercisers were surveyed via the Qualtrics research platform. They completed the (i) Drug Use Disorder Identification Test, (ii) Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, (iii) Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, and (iv) Exercise Addition Inventory.
Results: A large proportion (n = 59; 10.97%) of the sample was found to be at risk for exercise addiction. The proportion of drug and alcohol users among these participants did not differ from the rest of the sample. However, the incidence of nicotine consumption was lowest among them. The severity of problematic substance use did not differ across the groups.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that substance addiction and the risk for exercise addiction are unrelated. In fact, those at risk for exercise addiction exhibited the healthiest profile related to the prevalence of smoking
The P-Adaptive BIEM Version in Elastostatics
This paper introduces the p-adaptive version of the boundary element method as a natural extension of the homonymous finite element approach. After a brief introduction to adaptive techniques through their finite element formulation in elastostatics, the concepts are cast into the boundary element environment. Thus, the p-adaptive version of boundary integral methods is shown to be a generalization of already well known ideas. In order to show the power of these numerical procedures, the results of two practical analysis using both methods are presented
Emergent Gravity from Noncommutative Gauge Theory
We show that the matrix-model action for noncommutative U(n) gauge theory
actually describes SU(n) gauge theory coupled to gravity. This is elaborated in
the 4-dimensional case. The SU(n) gauge fields as well as additional scalar
fields couple to an effective metric G_{ab}, which is determined by a dynamical
Poisson structure. The emergent gravity is intimately related to
noncommutativity, encoding those degrees of freedom which are usually
interpreted as U(1) gauge fields. This leads to a class of metrics which
contains the physical degrees of freedom of gravitational waves, and allows to
recover e.g. the Newtonian limit with arbitrary mass distribution. It also
suggests a consistent picture of UV/IR mixing in terms of an induced gravity
action. This should provide a suitable framework for quantizing gravity.Comment: 28 pages + 11 pages appendix. V2: references and discussion added.
V3: minor correctio
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