Selenium Supplementation in Fish : A Combined Chemical and Biomolecular Study to Understand Sel-Plex Assimilation and Impact on Selenoproteome Expression in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Correction Published: February 10, 2016 Acknowledgements This study was supported by Alltech (ZY002 RGF0258) and the Principal’s Interdisciplinary Fund at the University of Aberdeen (award BL900.ROQ0061). Thanks go to the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, which synthesized all the diets used in this experiment. D.P. carried out the experiment and performed all the molecular biology analysis, interpreted the results and drafted the manuscript. C.J.S and S.A.M.M. supervised the experiment, participating in the experimental design and revision of the manuscript. M.M.L. participated in the sampling and performed all the chemical analysis under the supervision of J.F. Pacitti D, Lawan MM, Sweetman J, Martin SAM, Feldmann J, Secombes CJ (2016) Correction: Selenium Supplementation in Fish: A Combined Chemical and Biomolecular Study to Understand Sel-Plex Assimilation and Impact on Selenoproteome Expression in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). PLoS ONE 11(2): e0144681. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144681 The unit used to indicate Selenium concentration appears incorrectly throughout the manuscript. The correct unit is mg Kg-1. The values for Selenium concentrations provided as 0.5, 4, and 8 mg Kg-1 throughout the article are incorrect. The correct Selenium concentrations are 0.25, 2, and 4 mg Kg-1 respectively.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Flagships and tumbleweed: A history of the politics of gender justice work in Oxfam GB 1986–2015

This article contributes to scholarship on the political nature of feminists’ work in international development NGOs. The case study of Oxfam GB (OGB) is contemporary history, based on compiling a brief history of gender justice work between 1986 and 2014 and 18 months of part-time participant-observation fieldwork during 2014–15. I describe funding pressures and imperatives, contestations of meaning and power struggles within OGB and argue that gender justice becomes entangled in both internal and the external politics of international development. This is part of a wider research programme about how ideas on gender equality norms travel between and around development organizations, so I finally draw conclusions about how norms are contested and embodied. The shapeshifting political nature of feminist work challenges prevailing theories about how norms and ideas travel and take hold within organizations

Impacts of exotic mangrove forests and mangrove deforestation on carbon remineralization and ecosystem functioning in marine sediments

To evaluate how mangrove invasion and removal can modify short-term benthic carbon cycling and ecosystem functioning, we used stable-isotopically labeled algae as a deliberate tracer to quantify benthic respiration and C-flow over 48 h through macrofauna and bacteria in sediments collected from (1) an invasive mangrove forest, (2) deforested mangrove sites 2 and 6 years after removal of above-sediment mangrove biomass, and (3) two mangrove-free control sites in the Hawaiian coastal zone. Sediment oxygen consumption (SOC) rates averaged over each 48 h investigation were significantly greater in the mangrove and mangrove removal site experiments than in controls and were significantly correlated with total benthic (macrofauna and bacteria) biomass and sedimentary mangrove biomass (SMB). Bacteria dominated short-term C-processing of added microalgal-C and benthic biomass in sediments from the invasive mangrove forest habitat and in the 6-yr removal site. In contrast, macrofauna were the most important agents in the short-term processing of microalgal-C in sediments from the 2-yr mangrove removal site and control sites. However, mean faunal abundance and C-uptake rates in sediments from both removal sites were significantly higher than in control cores, which collectively suggest that community structure and short-term C-cycling dynamics of sediments in habitats where mangroves have been cleared can remain fundamentally different from un-invaded mudflat sediments for at least 6-yrs following above-sediment mangrove removal. In summary, invasion by mangroves can lead to dramatic shifts in benthic ecosystem function, with sediment metabolism, benthic community structure and short-term C-remineralization dynamics being affected for years following invader removal.

Primary versus Specialist Care for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Individual-Participant Data-Level Meta-Analysis

Rationale: Primary care clinicians may be well placed to play a greater role in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) management. Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes and cost-effectiveness of sleep apnea management in primary versus specialist care, using an individual-participant data meta-analysis to determine whether age, sex, severity of OSA, and daytime sleepiness impacted outcomes. Methods: Data sources were the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) database, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE Ovid SP, Scopus, ProQuest, U.S. National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register, and ISRCTN registry (inception until 09-25-2019). Hand searching was undertaken. Two authors independently assessed articles and included trials that randomized adults with a suspected diagnosis of sleep apnea to primary versus specialist management within the same study and reported daytime sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (range 0–24; .10 indicates pathological sleepiness; minimum clinically important difference 2 units) at baseline and follow-up. Results: The primary analysis combined data from 970 (100%) participants (four trials). Risk of bias was assessed (Cochrane Tool). One-stage intention-to-treat analysis showed a slightly smaller decrease in daytime sleepiness (0.8; 0.2 to 1.4), but greater reduction in diastolic blood pressure in primary care (21.9; 23.2 to 20.6 mm Hg), with similar findings in the per-protocol analysis. Primary care based within-trial healthcare system costs per participant were lower (2$448.51 U.S.), and quality-adjusted life years and daytime sleepiness improvements were less expensive. Similar primary outcome results were obtained for subgroups in both management settings. Conclusions: Similar outcomes in primary care at a lower cost provide strong support for implementation of primary care-based management of sleep apnea.Emer M. Van Ryswyk, Ivan D. Benitez, Alexander M. Sweetman, Nuria Nadal, Ching Li Chai-Coetzer, Juan Fernando Masa, Francisco Javier Gomez de Terreros, Robert J. Adams, Manuel Sanchez-de-la-Torre, Nigel Stocks, Billingsley Kaambwa, R. Doug McEvoy, and Ferran Barbe