3,302 research outputs found
Scanning a photonic crystal slab nanocavity by condensation of xenon
Allowing xenon or nitrogen gas to condense onto a photonic crystal slab nanocavity maintained at 10â20 K results in shifts of the nanocavity mode wavelength by as much as 5 nm (~=4 meV). This occurs in spite of the fact that the mode defect is achieved by omitting three holes to form the spacer. This technique should be useful in changing the detuning between a single quantum dot transition and the nanocavity mode for cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments, such as mapping out a strong coupling anticrossing curve. Compared with temperature scanning, it has a much larger scan range and avoids phonon broadening
The relevance of ERTS-1 data to the state of Ohio
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Satellite galaxies undergo little structural change during their quenching phase
At fixed stellar mass, satellite galaxies show higher passive fractions than
centrals, suggesting that environment is directly quenching their star
formation. Here, we investigate whether satellite quenching is accompanied by
changes in stellar spin (quantified by the ratio of the rotational to
dispersion velocity V/) for a sample of massive (10
M) satellite galaxies extracted from the SAMI Galaxy Survey. These
systems are carefully matched to a control sample of main sequence, high
central galaxies. As expected, at fixed stellar mass and
ellipticity, satellites have lower star formation rate (SFR) and spin than the
control centrals. However, most of the difference is in SFR, whereas the spin
decreases significantly only for satellites that have already reached the red
sequence. We perform a similar analysis for galaxies in the EAGLE
hydro-dynamical simulation and recover differences in both SFR and spin similar
to those observed in SAMI. However, when EAGLE satellites are matched to their
`true' central progenitors, the change in spin is further reduced and galaxies
mainly show a decrease in SFR during their satellite phase. The difference in
spin observed between satellites and centrals at 0 is primarily due to
the fact that satellites do not grow their angular momentum as fast as centrals
after accreting into bigger halos, not to a reduction of due to
environmental effects. Our findings highlight the effect of progenitor bias in
our understanding of galaxy transformation and they suggest that satellites
undergo little structural change before and during their quenching phase.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Characterisation of the bacterial and fungal communities associated with different lesion sizes of Dark Spot Syndrome occurring in the Coral Stephanocoenia intersepta
The number and prevalence of coral diseases/syndromes are increasing worldwide. Dark Spot Syndrome (DSS) afflicts numerous coral species and is widespread throughout the Caribbean, yet there are no known causal agents. In this study we aimed to characterise the microbial communities (bacteria and fungi) associated with DSS lesions affecting the coral Stephanocoenia intersepta using nonculture molecular techniques. Bacterial diversity of healthy tissues (H), those in advance of the lesion interface (apparently healthy AH), and three sizes of disease lesions (small, medium, and large) varied significantly (ANOSIM R = 0.052 p,0.001), apart from the medium and large lesions, which were similar in their community profile. Four bacteria fitted into the pattern expected from potential pathogens; namely absent from H, increasing in abundance within AH, and dominant in the lesions themselves. These included ribotypes related to Corynebacterium (KC190237), Acinetobacter (KC190251), Parvularculaceae (KC19027), and Oscillatoria (KC190271). Furthermore, two Vibrio species, a genus including many proposed coral pathogens, dominated the disease lesion and were absent from H and AH tissues, making them candidates as potential pathogens for DSS. In contrast, other members of bacteria from the same genus, such as V. harveyii were present throughout all sample types, supporting previous studies where potential coral pathogens exist in healthy tissues. Fungal diversity varied significantly as well, however the main difference between diseased and healthy tissues was the dominance of one ribotype, closely related to the plant pathogen, Rhytisma acerinum, a known causal agent of tar spot on tree leaves. As the coralsâ symbiotic algae have been shown to turn to a darker pigmented state in DSS (giving rise to the syndromes name), the two most likely pathogens are R. acerinum and the bacterium Oscillatoria, which has been identified as the causal agent of the colouration in Black Band Disease, another widespread coral disease
Editorial: Advances and Challenges of RNAi Based Technologies for PlantsâVolume 2
Editorial on the Research Topic: Advances and Challenges of RNAi Based Technologies for PlantsâVolume
Responsiveness of serum Câreactive protein, interleukinâ17A, and interleukinâ17F levels to ustekinumab in psoriatic arthritis: lessons from two phase III, multicenter, doubleâblind, placeboâcontrolled trials
Objective:
To evaluate the associations of Câreactive protein (CRP) and circulating Th17âassociated cytokine levels with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) disease activity and therapeutic response to ustekinumab.
Methods:
Interleukinâ17A (ILâ17A), ILâ17F, ILâ23, and CRP concentrations were measured in serum samples collected as part of the 2 PSUMMIT phase III studies of ustekinumab in PsA (n = 927). In post hoc analyses, relationships of ILâ17A, ILâ17F, and CRP levels at baseline, week 4, and week 24 with baseline skin and joint disease activity and response to therapy were evaluated using generalized linear models and Pearson's productâmoment correlation tests.
Results:
Baseline serum levels of ILâ17A and ILâ17F were positively correlated with baseline skin disease scores (r = 0.39â0.62). ILâ23 levels were correlated with skin disease scores to a lesser extent (r = 0.26â0.31). No significant correlations were observed between these cytokine or CRP levels and baseline joint disease activity. There was no significant association of baseline levels of ILâ17A, ILâ17F, ILâ23, or CRP with therapeutic response to ustekinumab in either the skin or joints. Significant reductions from baseline in levels of ILâ17A, ILâ17F, and CRP were seen in patients treated with ustekinumab compared to those treated with placebo. Ustekinumabâtreated patients in whom 75% improvement in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score or 20% improvement according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria was achieved after 24 weeks of treatment had greater reductions in CRP level (geometric mean decreases of 51â58% versus 32â33%; P < 0.05), but not ILâ17A or ILâ17F levels, than nonresponders.
Conclusion:
Baseline serum ILâ23/ILâ17 levels correlated with skin, but not joint, disease activity, suggesting tissueâspecific variation. However, neither baseline Th17âassociated cytokine levels nor CRP level were predictive of therapeutic response to ustekinumab in the skin or joints, despite rapid reductions in their levels following ustekinumab therapy
Response Validity in Forensic Neuropsychology: Exploratory Factor Analytic Evidence of Distinct Cognitive and Psychological Constructs
Forensic neuropsychology studies usually address either cognitive effort or psychological response validity. Whether these are distinct constructs is unclear. In 122 participants evaluated in a compensation-seeking context, the present Exploratory Factor Analysis examined whether forced-choice cognitive effort measures (Victoria Symptom Validity Test, Test of Memory Malingering, Letter Memory Test) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Second Edition (MMPI-2) validity scales (L, F, K, FBS, Fp, RBS, Md, Dsr2, S) load on independent factors. Regardless of factor rotation strategy (orthogonal or oblique), four response validity factors emerged by means of both Principal Components Analysis (82.7% total variance) and Principal-Axis Factor Analysis (74.1% total variance). The four factors were designated as follows: Factor I, with large loadings from L, K, and Sâunderreporting of psychologicalsymptoms; Factor II, with large loadings from FBS, RBS, and Mdâoverreporting of neurotic symptoms; Factor III, with large loadings from VSVT, TOMM, and LMTâinsufficient cognitive effort; and Factor IV, with the largest loadings from F, Fp, and Dsr2âoverreporting of psychotic/rarely endorsed symptoms. Results reflect the heterogeneity of response validity in forensic samples referred for neuropsychological evaluation. Administration of both cognitive effort measures and psychological validity scales is imperative to accurate forensic neuropsychological assessment. (JINS, 2007, 13, 440â449.
The Economic Resource Receipt of New Mothers
U.S. federal policies do not provide a universal social safety net of economic support for women during pregnancy or the immediate postpartum period but assume that employment and/or marriage will protect families from poverty. Yet even mothers with considerable human and marital capital may experience disruptions in employment, earnings, and family socioeconomic status postbirth. We use the National Survey of Families and Households to examine the economic resources that mothers with children ages 2 and younger receive postbirth, including employment, spouses, extended family and social network support, and public assistance. Results show that many new mothers receive resources postbirth. Marriage or postbirth employment does not protect new mothers and their families from poverty, but education, race, and the receipt of economic supports from social networks do
Fast and slow two-fluid magnetic reconnection
We present a two-fluid magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model of quasi-stationary,
two-dimensional magnetic reconnection in an incompressible plasma composed of
electrons and ions. We find two distinct regimes of slow and fast reconnection.
The presence of these two regimes can provide a possible explanation for the
initial slow build up and subsequent rapid release of magnetic energy
frequently observed in cosmic and laboratory plasmas.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl
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