Phytochemical evaluation, antioxidant assay, antibacterial activity and determination of cell viability (J774 andTHP1 alpha cell lines) of P. sylvestris leaf crude and methanol purified fractions

Phoenix sylvestris (Arecaceae family) known as Indian Date Palm has been identified as a component of traditional medicine against various ailments. The present study was focused on phytochemical screening of crude hexane, dichloromethane and methanol leaf extracts. The crude extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols in the plant leaves. In the study methanol extract was found most potent, so this extract was further fractionated by column chromatography and 9 methanol purified fractions (MPFs) were isolated. Most potential MPF8 (20:80 chloroform: methanol ratio fraction) significantly enhanced free radicals and antibacterial activity. The best MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) of MPF8 was investigated against M. luteus and E.coli at 1 mg/ml concentration. However, against other bacteria the MIC ranged from 1 mg/ml to 3 mg/ml. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of many biologically active compounds such as alcohols, flavonoids, aromatic compounds, aldehydes, terpenoids fatty acid methyl esters, and phenolics. Pentadecanoic acid occupied maximum (52 %) area in GC-MS profiling. MPF8 was assayed for in-vitro cytotoxicity by MTT assay which confirms its less cytotoxicity at lower concentration and also significant ROS determination against J774 and THP1 cell lines after 2 and 4 hours

Cryptography Based Hybrid Security Architecture for Mobile Multi Agents

Distributed Computing is the current area of research. Many researchers are working in area of Distributed Computing and trying to find a solution for the security and other issues. In Distributed Computing the mobile agents are the very important thing. When different mobile agents work in the same environment simultaneously it becomes a very important issue. Mobile agents have automatic, pro-active, and dynamic problem solving behaviors. However, scope of this paper is limited to analyze the existing security approaches for Mobile Multi Agent System. Security issues of mobile agent address the problem of securing and protecting agents from the attack of malicious hosts and other agents as well as securing the host from attack of malicious agents. This paper introduces a new approach of security for agent from other agents. Paper discusses Cryptography Based Hybrid Security Architecture with trust and reputation named CBHSA. It breaks the security of MA in two parts. The first level of security is work on the MA and second level of security is maintained on network. The model CBHSA, its different components and security of MA during movements around the network are discussed in this paper. This paper emphasis on the security of MA’s during migration within the network or outside the network

CPN Modelling And Performance Analysis Of CBHSA

Security is a major issue associated with MAs and Hosts. MAs themselves may need to be protected from the hosts they visit and vice versa. For mobile multi agents, a new Cryptography Based Hierarchical Security Architecture (CBHSA) has already been proposed in our previous work. CBHSA provides four different kinds of algorithms to secure agents during migration which combines various existing security mechanisms such as encryption and decryption, signed agreement etc. This paper gives the description of Colored Petri Net (CPN) modelling of CBHSA and analyses the performance of CBHSA against some identified parameters. Different graphs have been developed for min, max and average values of different parameters. Simulation results show that CBHSA gives expected result and secure MAs and hosts from attacks

Production and characterization of a thermo-pH stable pectinase from Bacillus licheniformis UNP-1: A novel strain isolated from Unapdev hot spring

670-677An efficient thermostable pectinase producer was isolated from the hot water spring of Unapdev and identified as Bacillus licheniformis UNP-1 using culture-dependent techniques by its morphological, microscopic, biochemical, physiological and molecular characteristics. Thermostable pectinase production was optimized in a submerged fermentation system using modified fermentation medium (MFM). The optimized components of MFM performed by changing one parameter at a time were pectinase defined liquid medium containing (g/L) 10 pure Pectin, 2.0 KH2PO4, 6.0 K2HPO4, 2.0 MgSO4·7H2O Optimized culture conditions were used for thermostable pectinase production. Bacillus licheniformis UNP-1 produced 55.2 U/mL of pectinase. Optimum pH and temperature for the production were 9 and 60 oC, respectively with 48 hours of incubation. The pectinase enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 11 and at 80 oC. Pectinolytic activity was the highest in the presence of Fe3+ metal ion. Optimum catalytic activity was recorded at substrate concentration of polygalacturonic acid of 3.5% after 90 min of incubation. The molecular mass of the dialyzed thermostable pectinase was 35 kDa. Partially purified pectinase enzyme was used for fruit juice extraction and clarification

Sports Dentistry: Dental Traumatology with Preventive Measures– A Review

In sports, dental trauma is the main link between sport and dentistry. Sports dentistry is the treatment of sporting oral / facial injuries and associated oral disorders and manifestations. Sporting practices have been found to be responsible for 13 per cent of total oral trauma in children. It is emphasized that from high schools to professional teams there is a great need for a "Team Dentist." In this review, we discuss the relationship between sport and dentistry, and the importance of educating parents, teachers, and children on sport-related injury prevention

Effectiveness of Honey and Aloe Vera on the Post Extraction Healing Among Young Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

INTRODUCTION: "Dry socket" was first described by Crawford in literature in 1896. When people are recognizing that current medicine is not the soul cure for diseases, we look back to the past for potential remedies with the least possible side-effectiveness. So the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of honey and aloevera on healing of post extraction wounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Honey and aloe-vera were prepared by mixing with sterilized cotton. The socket involved was separated by dry autoclaved cotton rolls from the rest of the oral cavity, then honey/aloe-vera was inserted into the respective groups. All patients were advised to avoid solid and liquid diets for 30 minutes after the treatment. Dressings were changed on 3rd day and on 7th day and sockets were evaluated. RESULTS: When the intra-group comparison of honey (p-value=0.003) and aloe-vera (p-value=0.000) was done, both were found to be statistically significant in the healing of dry socket. When the inter-group comparison was done between honey and aloe-vera, Aloe-vera had high healing capacity and was found to be highly statistically significant (p-value=0.001). DISCUSSION: When the intra-group comparison of honey and aloe-vera was done, both were found to be statistically significant in the reduction of dry socket. When the inter-group comparison was done between honey and aloe-vera, Aloe-vera had high healing capacity and was found to be highly statistically significant (p-value=0.00). CONCLUSION: From the analysis, it can be inferred that aloe vera and honey are healthy, natural and user-friendly substitute adjuncts that might be feasible to promote healing of extraction sockets

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Tobacco Cessation Methods among the Dental Professionals of Bareilly International University: A Cross-sectional Study

INTRODUCTION: In India, the percentage of deaths caused by tobacco smoking is anticipated to rise from 1.4 percent in 1990 to 13.3 percent by 2020.Health care experts have done their best to persuade and counsel users to quit the habit through their collaborative efforts. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: Assessment of dentistry students' attitudes and practices concerning tobacco cessation strategies, as well as the role of information in their promotion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was carried out at the Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly among the dental professionals, i.e. final year, interns, postgraduates students. The questionnaire was designed to test the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental students regarding tobacco use. The self-administered survey included a set of questions. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test had been used to test associations between their responses among age, qualification, and academic year using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22. RESULTS: A total of 300 surveys were sent out, with a 96.39 percent response rate. There were 54 percent females and 46 percent males among the 250 participants. Approximately 68 percent of people were between the ages of 20 and 23. In the current study, 32.4 percent were seeking MDS and 67.6 percent were pursuing BDS. Nearly half of those prefer to prescribe nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) as a cigarette cessation recommendation to patients, followed by self-quitting at 48% and pharmaceutical approaches at 1.2 percent. DISCUSSION: More than half of the respondents had an average level of awareness of smoking cessation therapies, and the majority of them had a favorable attitude toward their provision. As a result, it is important to persuade students to develop an interest in learning about tobacco quitting strategies

Nanomechanical testing of silica nanospheres for levitated optomechanics experiments

Optically-levitated dielectric particles can serve as ultra-sensitive detectors of feeble forces and torques, as tools for use in quantum information science, and as a testbed for quantum coherence in macroscopic systems. Knowledge of the structural and optical properties of the particles is important for calibrating the sensitivity of such experiments. Here we report the results of nanomechanical testing of silica nanospheres and investigate an annealing approach which can produce closer to bulk-like behavior in the samples in terms of their elastic moduli. These results, combined with our experimental investigations of optical trap lifetimes in high vacuum at high trapping-laser intensity for both annealed and as-grown nanospheres, were used to provide a theoretical analysis of the effects of porosity and non-sphericity in the samples, identifying possible mechanisms of trapping instabilities for nanospheres with non-bulk-silica-like properties.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Application of Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) optimization in machining processes

Multi-objectives Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is one of many engineering optimization techniques, a guided random search method. It is suitable for solving multi-objective optimization related problems with the capability to explore the diverse regions of the solution space. Thus, it is possible to search a diverse set of solutions with more variables that can be optimized at one time. Solutions of MOGA are illustrated using the Pareto fronts. A Pareto optimal set is a set of solutions that are non-dominated solutions frontier. With the Pareto optimum set, the corresponding objective function’s values in the objective space are called the Pareto front. The conventional methods for solving multi-objective problems consist of random searches, dynamic programming, and gradient methods whereas modern heuristic methods include cognitive paradigm as artificial neural networks, simulated annealing and Lagrangian approcehes. Some of these methods are managed in finding the optimum solution, but they have tendency to take longer time to converge so that need much computing time. Thus, by implementing MOGA approach that based on the natural biological evaluation principle will be used to tackle this kind of problem. In this chapter authors attempts to provide a brief review on current and past work on MOGA application in few of the most commonly used manufacturing/machining processes. This chapter will also highlights the advantages and limitations of MOGA as compared to conventional optimization techniques

AN APPROACH TO ENHANCE THE SOLUBILITY OF RIFAPENTINE BY SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE USING HYDROPHILIC CARRIERS

The aim of this present work was to improve the dissolution profile of Rifapentine (RPT) using solid dispersions technique with PVP K-30 or HPMC as the carrier, in different ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 by the kneading method and solvent evaporation method. For the purpose of comparison, another formulation was prepared by the method of physical mixture with the drug and carrier weight ratios of same. The prepared solid dispersions (SDs) were optimized on the basis of evaluation of Solubility, Drug Release rate and % drug content. Optimized formulation is than characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Particle size analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in order to ascertain any physicochemical interactions between the drug and carrier that could affect the dissolution profile of the drug. The dissolution studies were conducted for pure RPT and all the formulated solid dispersions. All the solid dispersions prepared by kneading method and solvent evaporation method showed an enhanced dissolution profile of Rifapentine, as compared to that of pure drug alone but among them all the solid dispersion prepared with PVP-K30 by solvent evaporation method in 1:3 ratio showed better enhancement of solubility and dissolution rate