LDA BASED FACE RECOGNITION USING DCT AND HYBRID DWT

In this paper we present a hybrid approach for efficient human face recognition. The proposed method is based on linear discriminant analysis of image in DCT domain with a combination of details of DWT. And the similarity measure Minkowshi is used here. This approach reduces the storage requirement and computation time while preserving the data. The approach LDA -DCT-hybrid DWT is evaluated on Matlab using ORL face database. Compared to previous methods the proposed method improves feature extraction and retrieval rate

Interaction of membrane-spanning proteins with peripheral and lipid-anchored membrane proteins: perspectives from protein- lipid interactions (Review)

Studies of lipid-protein interactions in double-reconstituted systems involving both integral and peripheral or lipid- anchored proteins are reviewed. Membranes of climyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol containing either myelin proteolipid protein or cytochrome c oxidase were studied. The partner peripheral proteins bound to these membranes were myelin basic protein or cytochrome c, respectively. In addition, the interactions between the myelin proteolipid protein and avidin that was membrane-anchored by binding to N-biotinyl phosphatidylethanolamine were studied in dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine membranes. Steric exclusion plays a significant role when sizes of the peripheral protein and transmembrane domain of the integral protein are comparable. Even so, the effects on avidin-linked lipids are different from those induced by myelin basic protein on freely diffusible lipids, both interacting with the myelin proteolipid protein. Both the former and the cytochrome c/cytochrome oxidase couple evidence a propagation of lipid perturbation out from the intramembrane protein interface that could be a basis for formation of microdomains

Thermodynamic analysis of porphyrin binding to Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) lectin

Owing to the use of porphyrins in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of malignant tumors, and the preferential interaction of lectins with tumor cells, studies on lectin-porphyrin interaction are of significant interest. In this study, the interaction of several free-base and metalloporphyrins with Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) lectin (MCL) was investigated by absorption spectroscopy. Difference absorp-tion spectra revealed that significant changes occur in the Soret band region of the porphyrins on binding to MCL. These changes were monitored to obtain association constants (Ka) and stoichiometry of binding. The tetrameric MCL binds four porphyrin molecules, and the stoichiometry was unaffected by the presence of the specific sugar, lactose. In addition, the agglutination activity of MCL was unaffected by the presence of the porphyrins used in this study, clearly indicating that porphyrin and carbohydrate ligands bind at different sites. Both cationic and anionic porphyrins bind to the lectin with comparable affinity (Ka =103-105 m-1). The thermodynamic parameters associated with the interaction of several porphyrins, obtained from the temperature dependence of the Ka values, were found to be in the range: Δ H° = -98.1 to -54.4 kJ·mol-1 and Δ S° =-243.9 to -90.8 J·mol-1·K-1. These results indicate that porphyrin binding to MCL is governed by enthalpic forces and that the contribution from binding entropy is negative. Enthalpy-entropy compensation was observed in the interaction of different porphyrins with MCL, underscoring the role of water structure in the overall binding process. Analysis of CD spectra of MCL indicates that this protein contains about 13%α-helix, 36%β-sheet, 21%β-turn, and the rest unordered structures. Binding of porphyrins does not significantly alter the secondary and tertiary structures of MCL

Generalized thermodynamics of q-deformed bosons and fermions

We study the thermostatistics of q-deformed bosons and fermions obeying the symmetric algebra and show that it can be built on the formalism of q-calculus. The entire structure of thermodynamics is preserved if ordinary derivatives are replaced by an appropriate Jackson derivative. In this framework, we derive the most important thermodynamic functions describing the q-boson and q-fermion ideal gases in the thermodynamic limit. We also investigate the semi-classical limit and the low temperature regime and demonstrate that the nature of the q-deformation gives rise to pure quantum statistical effects stronger than undeformed boson and fermion particles.Comment: 8 pages, Physical Review E in pres

A review on the current drugs and new targets for obesity

Obesity is defined as the condition in which the Body Mass Index (BMI) of an individual is between 25 and 29.5 that is ≥30kg/m2 and is caused by the imbalance management of energy intake and expenditure. Obesity is among the most prevalent diseases in the world and approximately over 10% of the people belong to overweight group in the world and over 5% in India.  Currently many drugs are used to treat or to manage obesity. But these drugs also account for several side effects. So there is an extensive need of promising drugs which can control obesity with greater efficacy and economic viability. This review focusses on the current drugs in the market used to treat obesity and also few of the new probable targets to discover drug

Differential Scanning calorimetric studies on the interaction of N-acylethanolamines with cholesterol

Earlier studies have suggested the formation of a 1 : 1 (mol/mol) complex between N-myristoylethanolamine (NMEA) and cholesterol in aqueous dispersion. In this study, this interaction has been investigated further by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) on dry mixtures of NMEA, N-palmitoylethanolamine (NPEA) and N-stearoylethanolamine (NSEA) with cholesterol. The results obtained indicate that addition of cholesterol to NMEA leads to a new phase transition at 86.5°C, besides the solid-liquid phase transition of NMEA at 95°C. The intensity of the peak corresponding to the new transition increases with cholesterol content up to 50 mol%, but decreases thereafter, whereas the intensity of the peak corresponding to the melting of NMEA decreases with increasing cholesterol content, with concomitant and gradual shift to lower temperatures and vanishes at 50 mol% cholesterol. These results are consistent with the formation of a 1:1 molar complex between NMEA and cholesterol proposed earlier and indicate that these two amphiphiles are associated in the solid state as well. DSC studies on hydrated mixtures of NPEA and NSEA with cholesterol yielded results that parallel those obtained with the NMEA/cholesterol system, indicating that these two long-chain NAEs also form 1:1 (mol/mol) complexes with cholesterol

Relationship between physical and chemical characteristics of getable tanned sole leathers of indian origin

The relationship between some of the chemical characteristics and important physical characteristics of vegetable tanned Indian Buffalo hides is studied. Samples from both the front and back regions are taken up for the studies to arrive at different conclusions. Systematic analysis of the data obtained are carried out and then correlations are illustrated through graphs

ROLE OF PANCHAKARMA IN PARKINSONS DISEASE - A CASE STUDY

Parkinsons disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. The motor symptoms of Parkinsons disease result from the death of dopamine-generating cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the midbrain; the cause of this cell death is unknown. Early in the course of disease symptoms include (1) shaking (tremor) (2)  rigidity (3) slowness of movement  (bradykinesia) and (4) difficulty with walking and gait (postural instability). Later, cognitive and behavioral problems may arise, with dementia commonly occurring in the advanced stages of the disease. Other symptoms include sensory, sleep and emotional problems. In Ayurveda, most of the diseases of the Vata are essentially the conditions of degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Kampa vata is one condition which is caused by imbalance of Vata. The treatment of Kampavata consists of both internal and external administration of drugs in different forms aimed to reverse the Vata imbalance. Here a case of 75 years male patient presented with tremors in both hands and postural instability and the pathology of which is to be identified with Dhatukshayaja Vata Vyadhi which is provisionally diagnosed as Kampavata and its line of treatment was adopted based on Nirupasthambita Vata Vyadhi Chikitsa. The present case reveals certain set of Panchakarma modalities of treatments showing significant improvement in the symptoms of Parkinsons disease without causing any side effects

Design of an Interlock Module for Use in a Globally Asynchronous, Locally Synchronous Design Methodology

As the number of transistors on a single integrated circuit approach a billion, the problems of clock distribution, power consumption, multiple clock domains, meeting timing requirements, and reuse of subsystem designs grow ever more difficult. Coordinating a billion transistors with the present design methodologies will require hundreds of years of engineering time. A new design methodology is needed. The GALS (Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous) approach, that blends clockless and clocked subsystems is a strong contender