108 research outputs found
Characterization of the dynamic mechanical properties of low-iron float glass through Split-Hopkinson-Pressure-Bar tests
Multi-task unscented Kalman inversion (MUKI): a derivative-free joint inversion framework and its application to joint inversion of geophysical data
In the geophysical joint inversion, the gradient and Bayesian Markov Chain
Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling-based methods are widely used owing to their fast
convergences or global optimality. However, these methods either require the
computation of gradients and easily fall into local optimal solutions, or cost
much time to carry out the millions of forward calculations in a huge sampling
space. Different from these two methods, taking advantage of the recently
developed unscented Kalman method in computational mathematics, we extend an
iterative gradient-free Bayesian joint inversion framework, i.e., Multi-task
unscented Kalman inversion (MUKI). In this new framework, information from
various observations is incorporated, the model is iteratively updated in a
derivative-free way, and a Gaussian approximation to the posterior distribution
of the model parameters is obtained. We apply the MUKI to the joint inversion
of receiver functions and surface wave dispersion, which is well-established
and widely used to construct the crustal and upper mantle structure of the
earth. Based on synthesized and real data, the tests demonstrate that MUKI can
recover the model more efficiently than the gradient-based method and the
Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, and it would be a promising approach to
resolve the geophysical joint inversion problems.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
An integrated tool for performance based engineering of structures in fire
Performance based engineering (PBE) is increasingly recognised as the gold standard for ensuring structural safety under extreme loading conditions such as a post-flashover fire. While no universally agreed methodology exists for implementing PBE for various kinds of extreme loadings in general, there are three clearly defined stages for doing so in order to design or assess structural resistance under fire loading. The fire loading is characterised in the first stage, which may range from simple prescribed time-temperature relationships if standard fires are adopted, which is against the spirit of PBE, to an expensive computational fluid dynamics simulation, which in most cases would constitute overkill. A number of options are available and gradually being developed that lie between these two extremes. A realistic characterisation of the load should in general allow the possibility of non-uniform heat fluxes to structural surfaces, which makes the second stage of determining structural temperatures very tedious. Furthermore, the computational models used in the third stage of determining nonlinear structural response are usually very different from the models used in the second stage thereby requiring significant manual intervention by the analyst. In the author’s view this, bar the need for further research on realistic fire scenarios, is the greatest obstacle in carrying out PBE for structural fire resistance design. This paper presents a simulation tool developed within the open source software framework OpenSees with the aim of integrating all the stages of the analysis discussed earlier in order to make PBE feasible even for design offices with modest resources in terms of trained analysts and computing hardware
_In vivo_ photoacoustic molecular imaging with simultaneous multiple selective targeting using antibody-conjugated gold nanorods
The use of gold nanorods for photoacoustic molecular imaging in vivo with simultaneous multiple selective targeting is reported. The extravasation of multiple molecular probes is demonstrated, and used to probe molecular information of cancer cells. This technique allows molecular profiles representing tumor characteristics to be obtained and a heterogeneous population of cancer cells in a lesion to be determined. The results also show that the image contrast can be enhanced by using a mixture of different molecular probes. In this study, HER2, EGFR, and CXCR4 were chosen as the primary target molecules for examining two types of cancer cells, OECM1 and Cal27. OECM1 cells overexpressed HER2 but exhibited a low expression of EGFR, while Cal27 cells showed the opposite expression profile. Single and double targeting resulted in signal enhancements of up to 3 dB and up to 5 dB, respectively, and hence has potential in improving cancer diagnoses
A theoretical study on the P-I diagram of framed monolithic glass window subjected to blast loading
Damage mechanisms in cementitious coatings on steel members in bending
Mr Zhao Sheng, Mr Zhang Zhi-Ling, Mr Dong Zhao-Hai and Mr Wu Lin-Sen, and technical staff in the Laboratory in College of Civil Engineering in Tongji University. Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 50808143) and key innovative research project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (grant no. 09ZZ37
CpG Array Analysis of Histone H3 Lysine 4 Trimethylation by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Linked to Microarrays Analysis in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of IgA Nephropathy Patients
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