Kesadaran Memilih Tipe Makanan: Studi Pengukuran Sikap Eksplisit Dan Implisit

Sosialisasi mengenai pentingnya makanan berserat semakin marak namun konsumsi makanan cepat saji terus meningkat. Padahal, banyak orang yang menyatakan atau menunjukkan sikap yang negatif terhadap konsumsi makanan cepat saji. Peneliti merasa bahwa fenomena kontradiktif tersebut perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Untuk itulah, peneliti memutuskan untuk melakukan penelitian mengenai sikap terhadap makanan cepat saji dan makanan berserat, baik secara eksplisit maupun implisit. Sikap eksplisit merupakan evaluasi yang disadari dan dapat dengan mudah dilaporkan. Sedangkan, sikap implisit merupakan evaluasi yang muncul secara involuntary, tidak dapat dikontrol, dan seringkali tanpa disadari. Guna melihat gambaran sikap eksplisit dan implisit terhadap makanan cepat saji dan makanan berserat, serta untuk melihat ada atau tidaknya perbedaan antara sikap eksplisit dan implisit tersebut, diperlukan dua metode pengukuran, yaitu survei bagi sikap eksplisit dan Implicit Association Test (IAT) bagi sikap implisit. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 31 laki-laki dan 68 perempuan. Partisipan-partisipan penelitian tersebut merupakan para dewasa muda yang berusia antara 18-24 tahun. Hasilnya menunjukkan partisipan cenderung memiliki preferensi terhadap makanan berserat dibandingkan dengan makanan cepat saji, baik pada sikap eksplisit maupun sikap implisit partisipan-partisipan penelitian. Namun, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sikap eksplisit dan implisit partisipan terhadap makanan cepat saji dan makanan berserat. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat dalam tahap perkembangan dewasa muda memiliki sikap yang lebih positif terhadap makanan berserat dibandingkan dengan makanan cepat saji. Namun, kecenderungan memilih makanan cepat saji masih termasuk tinggi. Peneliti menduga hal tersebut disebabkan oleh keterbatasan waktu dan kesibukan, serta sulitnya mengakses makanan berserat dibanding makanan cepat saji

A many-analysts approach to the relation between religiosity and well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N=10,535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β=0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β=0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

A Many-analysts Approach to the Relation Between Religiosity and Well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N = 10, 535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β = 0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β = 0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

A many-analysts approach to the relation between religiosity and well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N=10,535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β=0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β=0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

The development and psychometric properties evaluation of the Indonesian version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV)

Contains fulltext : 198046.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 26 november 2018Promotor : Kessels, R.P.C. Co-promotores : Hendriks, M.P.H., Halim, M.S.130 p

Pengembangan Skala Resiliensi Keluarga dengan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus

Life challenges are not only for individuals, but also faced by a member of a system, such as family. The ability to face this challenge is known as resilience. This research aims to develop a family resilience scale to provide instruments for assessment, research and intervention, especially for families who have children with special needs (CSN). The development of this scale involved 41 families who were chosen using accidental sampling technique. The data analyzed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), proceeded by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed that there were three dimensions of family with CSN resilience scale: acceptance, management, and support. This three-factor model fits the data. The three dimensions turned out to measure one construct, the resilience of family with CSN. This scale has high reliability. Thus, family resilience scale of family with CSN has good psychometric properties for further use

Development and reliability of the Indonesian Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth edition (WAIS-IV)

Contains fulltext : 133624.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Through the years, several translated versions of Wechsler's intelligence test have been used in Indonesia, in clinical, educational or industrial settings. However, instruments such as Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale are outdated, have not been validated and lack proper normative data, resulting in measurement errors and invalid decisions made on the intellectual potential of individuals. The primary aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - fourth edition (WAIS-IV) for use in Indonesia. We described the first phase in the adaptation of the WAIS-IV in the Indonesian language, including translation, item analysis, and reliability of the subtests. The sample of this research consisted of 148 healthy participants who are representative for the Indonesian population with respect to gender, age groups (ages 16 to 83), educational levels, and ethnic background. Results showed that the sequence of the US WAIS-IV cannot be applied in Indonesia due to differences in index difficulties. Cronbach’s coefficient alphas for the WAIS-IV subtests ranged from .74 - .92. For the subtests from the Verbal Comprehension Index, the inter-rater agreement ranged between .91 - .97. In all, the adaptation of the WAIS-IV for Indonesia is psychometrically promising.9 p

Scale Construction of Self-Assessment of Entrepeneurial Competencies

Entering the ASEAN economic community today, Indonesia needs to develop the number of entrepreneurs, primarily comes from student graduate of the vocational high school. The curriculum on vocational education in Indonesia consists of entrepreneur subjects that developed the students with technical competence (hard skills) and non-technical competencies (soft skills). In this study, the authors construct a measure of entrepreneurial competencies consists of soft skill competence and hard skill competence. Participants were asked to assess own abilities in various competencies, according to the statements provided. The participants were 258 graduated vocational students from Yogyakarta and Jakarta. Researchers made 137 initial statement and in the end, took 24 best statement. Results of the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were satisfactory. Future studies are needed to test the predictive power of the test tool to the success of students in entrepreneurship. Keywords: competencies, entrepreneurship, scale construction, selfassessment, vocational school

External validity of the Indonesian Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth edition (WAIS-IV-ID)

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV-ID) has been adapted and proved to be valid for its internal structure for Indonesian population. The same structure found as in the American WAIS-IV (WAIS-IV-US; Suwartono, Hendriks, Hidajat, Halim, & Kessels, 2015). Despite its strong internal structure, the validity of WAIS-IV-ID should be further evaluated by external criteria. In this research, we investigated the external validity of WAIS-IV-ID using other intelligence tests and educational achievement as criteria. We had 194 participants in total, but not all the participant was willing to do all the tests. The results showed the Full-Scale IQ score (FSIQ) of the WAIS-IV-ID had moderate yet significant correlation with three intelligence tests, namely Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM, n = 194), Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT, n = 134), and the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale (WBIS, n = 44). There was also a significant positive correlation between the FSIQ and educational achievement score that represented by college Grade Point Average (GPA, n = 51). The four indexes of the WAIS-IV-ID had a significant positive correlation with the SPM, CFIT, and WBIS, except for Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI). We found significant correlations between full-scale IQ with GPA. For the index score, we found significant correlations between Processing Speed Index (PSI) with GPA but not with other indexes. We conclude that the WAIS-IV-ID is valid externally. Future direction for validation is examining the diagnostic utility of WAIS-IV with special groups