Intermolecular Interaction, Crystallization, and Phase Behavior of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Cellulose Acetate Butyrate Blends Investigated by Infrared and Near-Infrared Spectroscopies and Synchrotron Radiation SAXS/WAXD Techniques

関西学院大

Nondestructive classification of mung bean seeds by single kernel near-infrared spectroscopy

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the range 900–1700 nm was performed to develop a classifying model for dead seeds of mung bean using single kernel measurements. The use of the combination of transmission-absorption spectra and reflection-absorption spectra was determined to yield a better classification performance (87.88%) than the use of only transmission-absorption spectra (81.31%). The effect of the orientation of the mung bean with respect to the light source on its absorbance was investigated. The results showed that hilum-down orientation exhibited the highest absorbance compared to the hilum-up and hilum-parallel-to-ground orientations. We subsequently examined the spectral information related to the seed orientation by developing a classifying model for seed orientation. The wavelengths associated with classification based on seed orientation were obtained. Finally, we determined that the re-developed classifying model excluding the wavelengths related to the seed orientation afforded better accuracy (89.39%) than that using the entire wavelength range (87.88%)

Effects of Hydrogen Bond Intermolecular Interactions on the Crystal Spherulite of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Cellulose Acetate Butyrate Blends: Studied by FT-IR and FT-NIR Imaging Spectroscopy

The crystal melting behaviors of poly­(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) blends were studied using infrared (IR) and near-infrared (NIR) imaging, which provided information about spherulite growth in dynamic blend systems. By analyzing the changes in the IR and NIR imaging spectra in the regions of the first and second overtones of the CO stretching vibrations of PHB and CAB, the evolution of heterogeneous spherulite during the time-resolved isothermal crystallization process was explored. Time-resolved IR and NIR imaging and polarized microscopic studies detected the PHB domains are able to separate from the PHB/CAB blends early in the process. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to classify the distribution of the different morphologies of spherulite. The first principal component suggests that the discrimination of the imaging spectra relies largely upon the crystallinity, while the second principal component indicates the variations in the amorphous portion of PHB, the CAB contents, and the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of PHB and CAB. The PC1–PC2 scores of different parts of the spherulite suggest that the areas of low crystallinity in the blend spherulite contain both PHB and CAB