Mobility Disability in Older Adults: At the Intersection of People and Places

Mobility disability is associated with poor lower body function among older adults. This study examines whether specific types of neighborhood characteristics moderate that association

Functional Alterations in Cerebellar Functional Connectivity in Anxiety Disorders

Adolescents with anxiety disorders exhibit excessive emotional and somatic arousal. Neuroimaging studies have shown abnormal cerebral cortical activation and connectivity in this patient population. The specific role of cerebellar output circuitry, specifically the dentate nuclei (DN), in adolescent anxiety disorders remains largely unexplored. Resting-state functional connectivity analyses have parcellated the DN, the major output nuclei of the cerebellum, into three functional territories (FTs) that include default-mode, salience-motor, and visual networks. The objective of this study was to understand whether FTs of the DN are implicated in adolescent anxiety disorders. Forty-one adolescents (mean age 15.19 ± 0.82, 26 females) with one or more anxiety disorders and 55 age- and gender-matched healthy controls completed resting-state fMRI scans and a self-report survey on anxiety symptoms. Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analyses were performed using the FTs from DN parcellation. Brain connectivity metrics were then correlated with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) measures within each group. Adolescents with an anxiety disorder showed significant hyperconnectivity between salience-motor DN FT and cerebral cortical salience-motor regions compared to controls. Salience-motor FT connectivity with cerebral cortical sensorimotor regions was significantly correlated with STAI-trait scores in HC (R2 = 0.41). Here, we report DN functional connectivity differences in adolescents diagnosed with anxiety, as well as in HC with variable degrees of anxiety traits. These observations highlight the relevance of DN as a potential clinical and sub-clinical marker of anxiety

A genetic variation map for chicken with 2.8 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms

We describe a genetic variation map for the chicken genome containing 2.8 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs). This map is based on a comparison of the sequences of three domestic chicken breeds ( a broiler, a layer and a Chinese silkie) with that of their wild ancestor, red jungle fowl. Subsequent experiments indicate that at least 90% of the variant sites are true SNPs, and at least 70% are common SNPs that segregate in many domestic breeds. Mean nucleotide diversity is about five SNPs per kilobase for almost every possible comparison between red jungle fowl and domestic lines, between two different domestic lines, and within domestic lines - in contrast to the notion that domestic animals are highly inbred relative to their wild ancestors. In fact, most of the SNPs originated before domestication, and there is little evidence of selective sweeps for adaptive alleles on length scales greater than 100 kilobases

Prospectus, March 7, 1984

CONGRESS RETURNS TO A \u27MOST IMPORTANT\u27 STUDENT AID DEBATE; News Digest; Four paintings stolen from Parkland; \u27Job Training and Partnership Act\u27: JTPA \u27good opportunity for dedicated\u27; PC Happenings: TV programs for busy parents, Parkland announces registration, Polish folk arts at Parkland; Sargent talks to Lifelong Learners\u27 Club; Yaxley scholarship; Stu-Go News; \u27Planned Parenthood\u27--pro choice organization; In the Library--Paperbacks; Nolen enjoys differences; What is Sadie Hawkins Day?; Did You Know...; Scholarship news for real estate students; Tuexdo styles are changing; What did you thinnk of the Grammy Awards?; Classifieds; \u27Good looking coed\u27 hunt draws lots of photos; Urbana construction will increase; Learning to relax can kill stress; \u27Women\u27s History Week\u27 honored; Parkland Christian Fellowship to sponsor conference; Weather conditions force closing; Math contest at Parkland; Financia; aid for summer and fall; The latest in swimwear; \u27Western look\u27 changing; Creative Corner...Especially for you!!: Believe..., Creed, Dream, The End, Darkness...; All Up to Me, Listening to an old..., Father to Son, How to know just what is real..., For Larry, Hi, I\u27m crazy ...; Bite the Bullet, Answer, Why can\u27t we see?, Love sparked nu the heat of summer...,Keg, A low rumble starts..., Oh, Mothers..., Has the human race forgot to look at a sunset..., I tried to play your game..., You\u27ve let me down...; Jackson leads the way at this year\u27s Grammy awards; Dexter--valuable asset; $50,000 and silence \u27cheap way for MSU to avoid lawsuit\u27; In the Library--; Channel 12 fund drive stresses \u27TV worth paying for\u27; Woody Allen\u27s latest hilarious; \u27Foghat\u27 hits C/U March 18; Predictions for the upcoming Academy Awards; \u27Big Country\u27 to appear; \u27Full Metal Jacket\u27 talent search; \u27The Right Stuff\u27 finally opens in area; Energetic movie should do well; Baseball Schedule; Bank president--NFL referee; High School Notes; Softball Schedule; Cobra baseball to start; Women win tournament; Lake Land advances in sectional; Mens basketball scores; I.M. News; Cobra men advance to sectional; Cobras end up with last year\u27s record; Tae Kwon Do showed display; Cooper remembers 6 good years; First basketball coach tells how it was; NJCAA meethttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1029/thumbnail.jp

Image acquisition and quality assurance in the Boston Adolescent Neuroimaging of Depression and Anxiety study

The Connectomes Related to Human Diseases (CRHD) initiative was developed with the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to provide high-resolution, open-access, multi-modal MRI data to better understand the neural correlates of human disease. Here, we present an introduction to a CRHD project, the Boston Adolescent Neuroimaging of Depression and Anxiety (BANDA) study, which is collecting multimodal neuroimaging, clinical, and neuropsychological data from 225 adolescents (ages 14–17), 150 of whom are expected to have a diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Our transdiagnostic recruitment approach samples the full spectrum of depressed/anxious symptoms and their comorbidity, consistent with NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). We focused on an age range that is critical for brain development and for the onset of mental illness. This project sought to harmonize imaging sequences, hardware, and functional tasks with other HCP studies, although some changes were made to canonical HCP methods to accommodate our study population and questions. We present a thorough overview of our imaging sequences, hardware, and scanning protocol. We detail similarities and dif-ferences between this study and other HCP studies. We evaluate structural-, diffusion-, and functional-image-quality measures that may be influenced by clinical factors (e.g., disorder, symptomatology). Signal-to-noise and motion estimates from the first 140 adolescents suggest minimal influence of clinical factors on image quality. We anticipate enrollment of an additional 85 participants, most of whom are expected to have a diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression. Clinical and neuropsychological data from the first 140 participants are currently freely available through the National Institute of Mental Health Data Archive (NDA)

Characterization of N-acetyltransferase 1 and 2 polymorphisms and haplotype analysis for inflammatory bowel disease and sporadic colorectal carcinoma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) and 2 (NAT2) are polymorphic isoenzymes responsible for the metabolism of numerous drugs and carcinogens. Acetylation catalyzed by NAT1 and NAT2 are important in metabolic activation of arylamines to electrophilic intermediates that initiate carcinogenesis. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) consist of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both are associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We hypothesized that <it>NAT1 </it>and/or <it>NAT2 </it>polymorphisms contribute to the increased cancer evident in IBD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A case control study was performed with 729 Caucasian participants, 123 CRC, 201 CD, 167 UC, 15 IBD dysplasia/cancer and 223 controls. <it>NAT1 </it>and <it>NAT2 </it>genotyping were performed using Taqman based techniques. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were characterized for <it>NAT1 </it>and 7 SNPs for <it>NAT2</it>. Haplotype frequencies were estimated using an Expectation-Maximization (EM) method. Disease groups were compared to a control group for the frequencies at each individual SNP separately. The same groups were compared for the frequencies of <it>NAT1 </it>and <it>NAT2 </it>haplotypes and deduced NAT2 phenotypes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>No statistically significant differences were found for any comparison. Strong linkage disequilibrium was present among both the <it>NAT1 </it>SNPs and the <it>NAT2 </it>SNPs.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study did not demonstrate an association between <it>NAT1 </it>and <it>NAT2 </it>polymorphisms and IBD or sporadic CRC, although power calculations indicate this study had sufficient sample size to detect differences in frequency as small as 0.05 to 0.15 depending on SNP or haplotype.</p

Third Report on Chicken Genes and Chromosomes 2015

Following on from the First Report on Chicken Genes and Chromosomes [Schmid et al., 2000] and the Second Report in 2005 [Schmid et al., 2005], we are pleased to publish this long-awaited Third Report on the latest developments in chicken genomics. The First Report highlighted the availability of genetic and physical maps, while the Second Report was published as the chicken genome sequence was released. This report comes at a time of huge technological advances (particularly in sequencing methodologies) which have allowed us to examine the chicken genome in detail not possible until now. This has also heralded an explosion in avian genomics, with the current availability of more than 48 bird genomes [Zhang G et al., 2014b; Eöry et al., 2015], with many more planned

The inner junction protein CFAP20 functions in motile and non-motile cilia and is critical for vision

Motile and non-motile cilia are associated with mutually-exclusive genetic disorders. Motile cilia propel sperm or extracellular fluids, and their dysfunction causes primary ciliary dyskinesia. Non-motile cilia serve as sensory/signalling antennae on most cell types, and their disruption causes single-organ ciliopathies such as retinopathies or multi-system syndromes. CFAP20 is a ciliopathy candidate known to modulate motile cilia in unicellular eukaryotes. We demonstrate that in zebrafish, cfap20 is required for motile cilia function, and in C. elegans, CFAP-20 maintains the structural integrity of non-motile cilia inner junctions, influencing sensory-dependent signalling and development. Human patients and zebrafish with CFAP20 mutations both exhibit retinal dystrophy. Hence, CFAP20 functions within a structural/functional hub centered on the inner junction that is shared between motile and non-motile cilia, and is distinct from other ciliopathy-associated domains or macromolecular complexes. Our findings suggest an uncharacterised pathomechanism for retinal dystrophy, and potentially for motile and non-motile ciliopathies in general.</p