Developmental performance in small for gestational age children with and without catch-up growth

Background Infants born small for gestational age (SGA) have an increased risk of developmental delay. The influence of catch-up growth on developmental function remains unknown. Objective To compare the development of SGA children with and without catch-up growth. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Manado from March to July 2013. Subjects were children aged 2-3 years, that born SGA from March 2010 to June 2011 in Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital. Catch-up growth was defined as height-for-age more than -2SD on the 2006 WHO growth chart, and subjects were classified into the with and without catch-up growth groups. Developmental status was assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) 3rd edition, through interviews with parents. We compared the developmental status between the with and without catch-up growth groups used Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results Of the 112 SGA children, 66 (58.9%) had catch-up growth and 46 (41.1%) did not. The SGA children with catch up growth had significant better development performances of gross motor, fine motor, and problem solving. The mean ASQ centiles of the with and without catch-up groups were 55.15 (SD 7.843) [95%CI 53.52 to 57.08] and 48.80 (SD 11.264) [95%CI 45.46 to 52.15] in gross motor, respectively; 42.5 (SD 13.163) [95%CI 39.26 to 45.74] and 32.93 (SD 14.475) [95%CI 28.64 to 37.23] in fine motor, respectively; 46.74 (SD 13.112) [95%CI 43.52 to 49.97] and 40.98 (SD 11.480) [95%CI 37.57 to 44.39] in problem solving, respectively. Conclusion Small for gestational age children with catch-up growth have significantly better gross motor, fine motor, and problem-solving performance than those without catch-up growth

Kandungan Protein dan HCN “Wikau Maombo” Hasil Fermentasi Umbi Ubi Kayu Pahit (Manihot aipi Phol) Menggunakan Beberapa Isolat Mikroorganisme Lokal

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan kandungan protein dan HCN umbi ubi kayu pahit melalui fermentasi beberapa isolat mikroorganisme lokal menjadi “Wikau Maombo” dan mengetahui isolat mikroorganisme yang menghasilkan “Wikau Maombo” terbaik. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan teknik fermentasi substrat padat. Inokulum yang digunakan adalah biakan murni sebanyak 35 isolat mikroorganisme lokal hasil isolasi dari “Wikau Maombo” yang terfermentasi secara tradisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan isolat mikroorganisme memberikan pengaruh yang tidak berbeda nyata terhadap perubahan kadar protein dan berbeda nyata terhadap kadar HCN “Wikau Maombo” dibandingkan kontrol. Kontrol umbi ubi kayu segar (KS) mengandung kadar protein sebesar 0,7221% dan HCN sebesar 103,8352 ppm. Produk “Wikau Maombo” berkualitas baik dari hasil fermentasi isolat bakteri M (FM) mengandung protein 0,8805% dan HCN 23,0555 ppm. Produk “Wikau Maombo” hasil fermentasi isolat kapang KpC (FKpC) mengandung protein 0,6505% dan HCN 25,7719 ppm, sedang hasil fermentasi isolat khamir HC (FHC) mengandung protein 0,7608% dan HCN 25,7447 ppm

Kandungan Gizi Umbi Ubi Kayu Pahit (Manihot aipi Phol.) pada Tahapan Pengolahan sebelum Fermentasi dan “Wikau Maombo” Hasil Fermentasi Tradisional

Generally, the research aimed to find out the nutrient content changes of bitter cassava root through step of processing of pre fermentation and "Wikau Maombo" of traditional fermented. Research of the eksploratif use the descriptive method. Data obtained to be analysed descriptively. The result of the research reveals that the nutrient content of fresh cassava root (KS), that is protein 0,7221 %, HCN 103,8352 ppm, fat 0,0639 %, crude fiber 0,6681 %, starch 70,16 %, and reduction glucose 0,61 %. All the step of pre-fermentation treatments give influence on the contents of HCN. The soaking salt-water treatment can decreased the HCN equal to 28,87 %. The treatments of soaking, drying and slicing can decreased the HCN equal to 40,87 %. While the fermentation without microorganism only decreased the HCN of equal to 0,05 %. Protein, fat and crude fibre do not of the change at all of treatment step of pra-fermentation. The "Wikau Maombo" of traditional fermented contain the protein 0,9454 %, HCN 74,6851 ppm, fat 0.6412 %, crude fiber 1,0753 %, starch 65,51 %, and reduction glucose 2,00 %

High sensitivity C-reactive protein, left ventricular mass, and systolic function in obese adolescents

Background Obesity has been associated with structural and functional cardiac muscle defects. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been utilized as an independent predictor of future cardiovascular disease. Objective To assess for correlations between hs-CRP, left ventricular mass, and systolic function in obese adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2013 to February 2014. Subjects were obese adolescents aged 13-18 years with a body mass index (BMI) >95th percentile, according to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Chart. Subjects underwent laboratory testing of serum hs-CRP levels, as well as left ventricular mass and function measurements by echocardiography. Descriptive analysis was performed on patients’ characteristics and correlation analysis was done by Pearson’s test with a significance level of P<0.05. Results Subjects were 40 obese adolescents. There was no statistically significant correlation between hs-CRP and left ventricular mass (r=0.083; P=0.305). There was a moderate correlation between hs-CRP with ejection fraction (EF) (r=0.372 and P=0.009 ) and fractional shortening (FS) of the left ventricle (r=0.420 and P=0.003). Conclusion In obese adolescents, we find no correlation between hs-CRP and left ventricular mass. However, hs-CRP is moderately correlated with left ventricular EF and FS

A comparison of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and immature to total neutrophil ratio for diagnosing early-onset neonatal sepsis

Background Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome caused by the invasion of microorganisms into the bloodstream. Early diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is difficult. Laboratory tests with high sensitivity and specificity are needed in order to make early diagnoses in newborns. Objective To compare the sensitivity and specificity of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and immature to total (IT) neutrophil ratio for the diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Methods This observational study with cross-sectional design was conducted in the Neonatology Division, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital from November 2012 to April 2014. Consecutive sampling was applied. There were 103 newborns with suspected EONS who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Complete blood counts, blood cultures, as well as NGAL and IT ratio measurements were performed. Results NGAL was not significantly more sensitive than IT ratio [80.4% vs. 67.3%, respectively; (P=0.058)]. However, NGAL had lower specificity than IT ratio (27.7% vs. 50.0%, respectively; P=0.016). The positive predictive values (57.0% vs. 64.9%, respectively; P=0.176), and negative predictive values (54.2% vs. 52.6%, respectively; P=0.451) were similar in both diagnostic tests. Conclusion Immature to total neutrophil (IT) ratio has higher specificity compared to NGAL for early diagnosis of EONS. However, the difference in sensitivity between the two test is not statistically significant

The Benefits of Temu Mangga (Curcuma Mangga Val) in Cognitive Functions of Elderly

The objective of this study was to investigate the benefit of Temu Mangga extract (Curcuma Mangga Val) with cognitive function test using Montreal Cognitive Assesment- Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina -Registry MoCA-Ina / stroke registry-INA 2012) in Elderly. This Clinical trial study was conducted using a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, pre and post-test group design in 85 female participants from Panti Wreda Nursing Home in Jakarta. A total of 83 participants who followed the study to the end. 43 participants were administered the Temu Mangga Capsule (TM) group 3x500 mg/day for 30 days.  Results: Mean score of MoCA-Ina in TM group increased by 2.37 from 23.93 ± 3.73 to 26.30 ± 3.92 with Wilcoxon test p-value = 0.000, and in the control group with 40 participants increased by 2.55 from 23.58 ± 4.60 to 26.13 ± 4.56 with Wilcoxon test p-value = 0.000. Mann-Whitney test results in both groups p &gt; 0.05. Conclusions: There was an increase in each treatment groups and control groups with significant Moca-Ina values, but between the two groups did not show significant difference changes. Psychological factors such as attention and hope will become healthier are a strong factor in this study

The Cortisol Serum Measurement as a Marker of Stress in Neonates

The first few days of life are crucial; the neonates are particularly vulnerable to stress and infection during this period. Stress can cause changes in metabolic and endocrine, including cortisol level. The disease causes an indirect impact on cortisol level through cytokines and enzymes. Elevation of cortisol level can disturb hemostasis and cause long terms complications. This research aimed to compare the difference in cortisol level between healthy and neonatal with high suspicion of sepsis. The study was an observational study using the cross-sectional method, conducted in Ananda mother and child hospital Makassar, from February until April 2018. Sixty neonates who fulfill the criteria were included in the study. They were divided into control group (CG) and patient group (PG). The blood samples in CG were taken a right after birth before the routine procedure was performed. Meanwhile, blood samples in PG were made at the time of diagnosis. The level of serum cortisol was measured Duplo with ELISA.The average serum cortisol level in CG and PG ranged between 9,98 - 120 ng/mL (average of 55,64 ng/mL) and 125,56 - 273,06 ng/mL (182,09 ng/mL) respectively. The correlation of cortisol level  between PG and CG was statistically significant with p-value 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05), 95% CI -143,59475 – (-109, 31159). In this study, the gender, gestational age, birth weight, length of stay, and Apgar score 5 minutes were not correlated with cortisol level in PG and CG. The only mode of delivery correlated with serum cortisol level with p-value 0.000 (95% CI 34,20958 – 101,67470). The serum cortisol level is an accurate method to indicate neonatal stress, and it is significantly higher in ill neonates compare to the healthy ones. It can be used as a prognostic marker, and continuous monitor of its dynamic changes may help us understand better about the implication of stress in early life

Analysis of Continuous Education Services by Family Doctors in High Risk Cardiometabolic Patients

This study aims to determine the effect of handling the concept of family medicine in continuous education services to patients with Cardiometabolic problems in the Elderly based on nutritional status and metabolic status.This research is a type of Quasy experimental research. Sampling was conducted at PKM Panambungan Makassar during the study period November 2016 - March 2017 taken by purposive sampling method that is to determine the sample based on the inclusion criteria.The results showed that there were 57 cardiometabolic patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, which were divided into 2 groups receiving treatment with continuous education service and treatment group without continuous education service. This research uses a purposive sampling method that is to determine the sample based on the inclusion criteria to avoid the diversity in the sampling. The statistical test using independent T-test showed the difference of mean percentage of IMT examination result (r = 0.001), between continuous education service group (-13,19%) and the group without continuous education service (1,57%). Systolic blood pressure between continuous education (-0.36%) and with continuous education (4.32%) was significantly different (r = 0.116).Diastolic blood pressure between the continuous education service group (-3.82%) and with the group without continuous education service (-4.36%) did not differ significantly (r = 0.871). Cholesterol levels between continuous education service group (17.72%) and group without continuous education service (-5.72%) differed significantly (r = 0.003). GDS levels between continuous education service groups (-13.81%) and those without continuous education service (4.07%) differed significantly (r = 0.031). The mean of decreasing of the examination results on all variable that was found was higher in group of continuous education service. Increased BMI, GDS, and cholesterol are markers of increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. Thus, improving the risk of cardiometabolic disease except on the results of systolic and diastolic pressure tests, significant in groups with continuous education services

Pengabdian Masyarakat tentang Penyuluhan Kanker Payudara Untuk Meningkatkan Derajat Kesehatan Ibu

Wanita memiliki banyak permasalahan kesehatan reproduksi yang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Menurut data GLOBOCAN International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) tahun 2012 diketahui kanker serviks merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian kaum wanita yang cukup tinggi, baik di negara-negara maju maupun di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia dan terbanyak yang dialami oleh wanita di seluruh dunia dengan persentase sementara untuk kanker serviks 14,0 dan persentase kematian sebesar 6,8 %.Tujuan kegiatan ini agar masyarakat dapat memahami penyebab dan gejala kanker payudara serta pencegahan dan pemeriksaan sendiri pada payudara (SADARI). Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Ballaparang Kecamatan Rappocini. Kegiatan ini merupakan lankah awal untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan payudara sendiri untuk mendeteksi dini kanker payudara

Association between multimeric adiponectin and free leptin index with atherogenic dyslipidemia in non-diabetic obese men

Background: To analyze the role of various adiponectin and free leptin index on the occurrence of atherogenic dislipidemia in non-diabetic central obese men.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on 120 non-diabetic central obese men that was done in Jakarta. The measured indicators were total adiponectin, high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW adiponectin), medium molecular weight adiponectin (MMW adiponectin), low molecular weight adiponectin (LMW adiponectin), leptin, soluble leptin receptor, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B). Atherogenic dyslipidemia was characterized by reduced level of HDL cholesterol, and high levels of triglyceride and small dense LDL (sdLDL). Ratio of LDL cholesterol and Apo B were calculated to get sdLDL. Free Leptin Index (FLI) was the ratio between total leptin and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), and median values were used as cut off to defi ne high and low values of each parameter. Cross tabulation were done on categorical data. Relationships between multimeric adiponectin and free leptin index with atherogenic lipids were analyzed by using Spearman analysis. Further, the interaction of all indicators with the occurence of atherogenic dyslipidemia was analyzed using binary logistic regression.Results: A negative correlation of HMW adiponectin with atherogenic dyslipidemia (p &lt; 0.05), whereas there were no correlation between MMW adiponectin and LMW adiponectin with atherogenic dyslipidemia (p &gt; 0.05). Free Leptin Index was associated positively with atherogenic dyslipidemia (p &lt; 0.05). Odds Ratio (OR) of HMW adiponectin for the occurrence of atherogenic dyslipidemia was 3.62 (p &lt; 0.05), where as OR of FLI with atherogenic dyslipidemia was 4.57 (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: HMW Adiponectin and FLI might contribute to atherogenic dyslipidemia in central obese non-diabetic males. (Med J Indones 2011; 20:119-24)Keywords: HMW adiponectin, LMW adiponectin, MMW adiponectin, total adiponectin</p