Assessment of geotechnical properties of uncemented/cemented clayey soil incorporated with waste crumb rubber

Discarded waste tires are becoming a serious threat to health, environment, and ecological systems worldwide if it is not disposed of properly. Every year 1000 million of waste tires are discarded. This number may grow up to 1200 million by the year 2030. On the other hand, construction of civil engineering structures such as buildings, dams, highways, etc. are at high risk of differential settlement, especially in the case of weak or soft clay, which is due to its low shear strength and high compressibility. The paper aims to assess geotechnical properties of uncemented/cemented clayey soil incorporated with waste crumb rubber. Compaction parameters, unconfined compressive strength, split tensile strength, toughness index, CBR values and swelling pressure of rubberized uncemented/cemented clayey soil (3%, and 6% cement and different percentage of crumb rubber) have been obtained. After rigorous extensive study, it has been concluded that unconfined compressive strength and split tensile strength of rubberized cemented clayey soil decreases with the increase of the percentage of crumb rubber whereas the axial, and diametral strain are found to be increased with the addition of crumb rubber up to 5% after that it starts to decrease. The CBR values, swelling pressure, and toughness index of uncemented/cemented clayey soil was significantly affected by incorporation of crumb rubber. SEM studies have also been incorporated in this investigation

Effect of inclusion of crumb rubber on the unconfined compressive strength and wet-dry durability of cement stabilized clayey soil

In the present study, the effect of inclusion of waste crumb rubber and cement on the unconfined compressive strength and wet-dry durability of clayey soil has been investigated. Crumb rubber and cement were added to clayey soil at ranges of 2.5%-10% and 3%-6% respectively. The results of the investigation revealed that the incorporation of crumb rubber influenced the unconfined compressive strength, axial strain at failure, energy absorption capacity and wet-dry durability of the cement-stabilized clay. The study reveals that as the content of crumb rubber in the cement-stabilized clayey soil increases the unconfined compressive strength decreases but prosperously changes the behavior of the cement-stabilized clay from brittle to ductile. The axial strain corresponding to peak axial stress and energy absorption capacity of the specimens can be increased by limiting the content of crumb rubber up to 5%. The weight loss of the cement-stabilized clay mixed with crumb rubber increases as the content of crumb rubber increases. With the prolongation of the curing period, the weight loss of cement-stabilized clay mixed with crumb rubber decreases. Further, the weight loss of 90 days cured specimens of clayey soil incorporated with 6% cement and crumb rubber up to 5% meets the recommendation of the material to be used in construction of road pavements as a base, sub-base, and shoulder. Most importantly, the utilization/disposal of this hazardous waste material reduces its impact on environment and health

Unusual Renal Tumors — Report of Four Cases

Collecting duct carcinoma, plasmocytoma and malignant fibrous histocytoma are rare but aggressive tumors of the kidneys. We present four cases we have recently encountered in our practice. In most of the cases imaging did not help in the pre-operative diagnosis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment when recognized early. Clinician should be aware about these rare varieties of renal tumors whose prognoses may be worse than that of renal cell carcinoma. The Annals of African Surgery, Volume 6, 201

Bombax ceiba calyces regulate carbohydrate and lipid digesting enzyme’s actions, display insulin sensitizing and antioxidant activities in vitro: A nutritional and phytochemicals examination

323-331Calyces of Bombax ceiba (Śālmali, शाल्मली) are used as vegetable by traditional Indian folks. However, scientific investigations for this vegetable are not available in literature. This research presents nutritional and phytochemicals composition in raw calyxes’ powder and antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, insulin-sensitizing and, antioxidant properties in aqueous methanolic extract of calyx applying various in vitro methods. Calyx powder displayed rich source of macro- and micronutrients with energy value 322 Kcal. /100 g. Aqueous methanol extract of calyces exhibited potent antihyperglycemic activities by inhibiting pancreatic α-amylase and intestinal α-glucosidase enzymes, antihyperlipidemic by inhibiting pancreatic lipase and insulin sensitizing property by inhibiting PTP1β. It was found to be potent scavenger of chemical and physiological free radicals and, presented antioxidant activities by preventing H2O2 induced erythrocytes membrane lipid peroxidation and hemolysis. It also prevented H2O2 induced genomic DNA damage. The calyx powder presented 979 μg/100 g total antioxidant value. This report presents original analysis of nutritional and phytochemical composition along with biological activities in B. ceiba calyx

Analytical Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Aspirin, Clopidogrel and Rosuvastatin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

A new, simple, novel, accurate, precise, reliable, rapid and linear reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and fully validated for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative estimation of   Rosuvastatin (ROS), Clopidogrel (CLOP) and Aspirin (ASP) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. In the present work, good chromatographic separation was achieved by isocratic method using a Hypersil BDS C18 column (250 mm ×4.6, 5 μm) and a mobile phase consisting of KH2Po4 buffer pH-6.0: acetonitrile in the ratio 60:40, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The effluents obtained were monitored at 242nm with the UV-visible detector. The calibration curves obtained were linear (r2=0.999) over the concentration range of 7.5-22.5μg/ml and 1-3μg/ml for CLOP, ASP and ROS respectively. A run time of 7.0 minutes for each sample made it possible to analyze more than 200 samples per day. The retention time of ASP, CLOP and ROS was found to be 3.103 min, 4,277 min and 5.707 min respectively. The high recovery values (99%-101%) indicate a satisfactory accuracy. The low percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) values in the precision study reveal that the method is precise  therefore the method can be used for routine monitoring of CLOP, ASP and ROS in industry in the assay of bulk drug and dosage form. Keywords: RP-HPLC, Rosuvastatin, Clopidogrel, Aspirin, Method validation, ICH guidelines

Procjena i vrednovanje PM2.5 u vanjskom okolišu u odnosu na njegove zdravstvene učinke u industrijskim područjima u kojima se koristi mineralni ugljen

Atmospheric PM2.5 pollution, has shown potential impact on the human health in general, thus it requires to look into the chemical characteristics of PM2.5 masses for designing effective policies to reduce health risks amongst public under exposure. The study carried out, here, has presented the ambient PM2.5 concentrations, concentrations of chemical components and associated health risks over rural and urban environments in the area of mineral based coal-fired industrial areas of central India for a period of one year (2015–16). Overall 260 PM2.5 samples, collected from rural, urban and industrial sites, were analyzed for various elements Al, As, Ca, Hg, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, K, Cd, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sb, Na, Mg, K, V and Zn, ions such as Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, F–, Cl–, NH4+, NO3–, SO42– and carbonaceous matter. The annual average PM2.5 mass concentrations were found to be ~2 to ~6 folds higher than the annual National Ambient Air Quality standard (40 µg m–3). Further this study also evaluates, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with ambient PM2.5 exposures (via ingestion, inhalation and dermal). The elemental species that have shown non-carcinogenic risks for both children and adults of all three sites are: Co, Mn, Ni (rural), As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, V (urban and industrial sites). Similarly, the excess carcinogenic risks, in total, from Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb was found to be higher than acceptable limits (10–6 to 10–4).Onečišćenje atmosfere lebdećim česticama (PM2.5) pokazalo je potencijalni utjecaj na zdravlje ljudi općenito. Stoga je potrebno sagledati kemijska svojstva čestica PM2.5 kako bi se postiglo učinkovito smanjenje zdravstvenih rizika izložene populacije. U ovome radu prikazuju se rezultati studije koncentracija PM2.5 i koncentracija kemijskih sastojaka u lebdećim česticama za jednogodišnje razdoblje (2015.–2016.) koji su povezani sa zdravstvenim rizicima u ruralnim i urbanim sredinama u industrijskim područjima u središnjoj Indiji u kojima se koristi mineralni ugljen kao pogonsko industrijsko gorivo. Ukupno je analizirano 260 uzoraka PM2.5 s ruralnih, urbanih i industrijskih lokacija za različite elemente: Al, As, Ca, Hg, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, K, Cd, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se , B, Na, Mg, K, V i Zn, ione poput Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, F–, Cl–, NH4+, NO3–, SO42– i spojeve ugljika. Utvrđeno je da su prosječne godišnje masene koncentracije PM2.5 od ~2 do ~6 puta više od dopuštenih godišnjih vrijednosti prema indijskom Nacionalnom standardu kvalitete zraka (40 µgm–3). Nadalje, ova studija također ocjenjuje kancerogene i nekancerogene rizike za zdravlje povezane s izloženošću česticama PM2.5 u okolišu (putem gutanja, udisanja i dodira s kožom). Elementi koji su pokazali nekancerogene rizike i za djecu i za odrasle na sve tri lokacije su: Co, Mn, Ni (ruralno područje), As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni i V (urbano i industrijsko područje). Slično, utvrđen je povećan kancerogeni rizik za Cd, Co, Cr, Ni i Pb, koji je veći od prihvatljivih granica (10–6 do 10–4)

Raphanus sativus (Linn.) fresh juice priming moderates sucrose-induced postprandial glycemia as well as postprandial glycemic excursion in rats

339-345Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages increase individual’s susceptibility towards weight gain, development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders and number of chronic illnesses. Extended postprandial hyperglycemic rise and larger postprandial glycemic spikes following sugar ingestion in diabetic as well as non-diabetic individuals relate with the onset of cardiovascular complications and development of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress induced due to prolonged postprandial hyperglycemia further aggravates development of diabetic complications. Influence of Raphanus sativus leaf and root juice on sucrose induced postprandial glycemic rise and postprandial glycemic spikes in rats was evaluated in this research. It was observed that priming rats with R. sativus leaf and root juice assuaged sucrose induced postprandial glycemic rise and postprandial glycemic excursions. The juice of R. sativus leaf was found superior than root juice in achieving these results. Similarly, the juice of leaves was more potent (pR. sativus leaf and root was rich source of polyphenol, flavonoid and displayed potent free radical scavenging activity. Additionally, juices also mitigated formation of advance glycation end-products and glycation of hemoglobin under hyperglycemic environment

Revisiting Prostate Cancer in India: A Genomic View

In the recent past, there has been a rise in Prostate Cancer (PCa) in Asia, particularly India.  Although systematic reviews on PCa have dealt on the genetics, genomics and the environmental influence in causal of PCa, no predictive analytics in comparing the PCa from Caucasian, American to Asian population was attempted. In this review article, we have attempted to elaborate this aspect of PCa and deliberated on challenges related to next generation sequencing methods of PCa’s manifestation when compared to the west

Noise Mapping and Variance of Road Traffic Noise: Identification of Most Noise Impacting Vehicular Type in an Urban Region

Urban road traffic noise is a major concern in developing as well as developed countries. Often it is difficult to identify the most noise impacting vehicular type especially in urban region with mixed vehicular flow. Herein, we analysed in a systematic way to identify the most noise impacting vehicular type at Hyderabad city of India. The road traffic noise across the corridor-3 metro line known as the blue line metro was chosen in the present study because, it stretches from north to south connecting 23 stations comprising major residential and commercial locations of the city. The noise levels were analysed as per CPCB guidelines. The noise pollution quantifying parameters such as Noise Climate (NC), Noise Pollution Level (LNP), and Traffic Noise Index (TNI) were analysed across the lane. A systematic analysis revealed that, the twowheelers are the most noise impacting vehicles in the daytime whereas four-wheelers in the nighttime. Noise map generated using the IDW spatial interpolation method shows the noise impacted regions across the metro lane stretching ~27 km of the city. The methodological pattern in the present investigation can be useful tool in identifying the most noise impacting vehicular type in any region with a mixed vehicular flow