EFFECT OF LATEX AND EXTRACT OF JATROPHA CURCA LINN ON EXPRESSION OF SUBSTANCE P (SP) AND CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 OF DENTAL PULP: EFEK LATEKS DAN EKSTRAK JATROPHA CURCA LINN TERHADAP EKSPRESI SUBSTANSI P DAN COX2 PULPA GIGI

Inflammatory pulpal pain may arise due to the increased pressure inside the pulp or the release of prostaglandin E2(PGE2). In the inflamed pulp, levels of PGE2 and substance P (SP) is higher than those of normal pulp. PGE2 sensitizes all nociceptor while SP can induce the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX- 2) and is an exitatory neurotransmitter. Jatropha curcas Linn latex is widely used for pulpal pain relief. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the latex and extract of J. curcas on the dental pulp expression of COX-2 and SP. Thirty-six pulpitis-induced dental pulp of Macaca fascicularis , were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 served as controls, Group 2 was given latex, and Group 3 was given extracts. The ELISA assay was used to determine the levels of SP and COX-2. SP data was analyzed with ANOVA (p <0.05) while the COX-2 data was analyzed with Mann Whitney. The results showed that the levels of SP (pg/mL) of the control, latex, and extract group were 28.94; 26.22; 28.89 respectively, while levels of COX-2 (ng/ml) of control, latex, and extract group were 0.04; 0.08; 0.10 respectively. In conclusion , J. curcas can reduce the levels of SP, J. curcas latex has lower levels of SP than extract, but does not provide clear results in decreased levels of COX- 2. Further study requires the mechanism of SP, and the concentration of COX- 2 needs to be further investigated using different methods

PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI EDUCANDY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas di Kelas XI IPS 3 SMA Kartika XIX-1 Bandung)

Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah rendahnya minat belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran sejarah di kelas XI IPS 3 SMA Kartika XIX-1 Bandung berdasarkan hasil temuan peneliti. Dalam hal ini, minat belajar merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi belajar siswa agar pembelajaran menjadi optimal. Oleh karena itu, tujuan utama dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Indikator dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas keterlibatan siswa, ketertarikan siswa, perhatian siswa, dan perasaan senang siswa. Dari indikator-indikator tersebut, peneliti mengembangkan lagi sub indikatornya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas dan dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan model Kemmis dan McTaggart yang tahapannya terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi pada setiap siklusnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setelah penggunaan aplikasi Educandy dalam pembelajaran sejarah, minat belajar siswa dapat meningkat dengan signifikan. Peningkatan minat belajar siswa tersebut dapat dilihat dari perolehan penilaian sub indikator minat belajar siswa setelah penggunaan aplikasi Educandy dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi Educandy dalam pembelajaran sejarah bisa menjadi suatu alternatif untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa di kelas XI IPS 3 SMA Kartika XIX-1 Bandung. ABSTRACT The title of this research is "The Use of the Educandy Application to Increase Students’ Interest in Learning History (Classroom Action Research in Class XI IPS 3 SMA Kartika XIX-1 Bandung)". The background of this research is the low interest of students in learning history in class XI IPS 3 SMA Kartika XIX-1 Bandung based on the findings of researchers. In this case, interest in learning is one of the important factors that influence student learning so that learning becomes optimal. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to increase student interest in learning history The indicators in this research consisted of student involvement, student interest, student attention, and student feelings of pleasure. From these indicators, the researcher developed further sub-indicators. This research used classroom action research method and was carried out in 2 cycles. The design of this research used Kemmis and McTaggart model whose stages consist of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting on each cycle. The results of this research indicate that after using the Educandy application in history learning, students' interest in learning can increase significantly. The increase in student interest in learning can be seen from the acquisition of the sub-indicator assessment of student interest in learning after using the Educandy application in history learning. From the results of this research it can be concluded that the use of the Educandy application in history learning can be an alternative to increase student interest in learning in class XI IPS 3 SMA Kartika XIX-1 Bandung

CO2 Flux from Tropical Land Uses on Andisol in West Java, Indonesia

This study measured CO2 flux by segregating effect of root respiration and organic matter decomposition by microbes. The study involved a mineral soil containing high organic matter (Andisols), in the tropic devoted to different land uses i.e. natural forest, tea plantation, and horticultural farm CO2 emission from those land uses were compared to from peatland. Observed CO2 fluxes came out in the following order: bare plot  7.32, tea plantation  10.22, horticultural farm  15.60, and natural forest  15.62 Mg C-CO2 ha-1 yr-1. While, root respiration accounted for substantial proportions: tea plantation  28%, horticultural farm  53%, and natural forest  53%. Soil temperature demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the CO2 flux, except in the natural forest. On the other hand, water-filled pore spaces displayed varying correlation with site CO2 flux: a negative relationship in both bare plot and tea plantation, appreciably positive in the horticultural farm, and weakly related in the natural forest. Soil respiration and C-organic content appeared to be strongly correlated; the rate of soil respiration increased with higher C-organic content. In field, CO2 flux from organic matter decomposition in Andisols, Latosols, and peatland ranged from 5.35-13.22 Mg C-CO2 ha-1 yr-1, with root respiration contributing most of the flux, which was, in turn, influenced by type vegetation, humidity and soil temperature.Keywords: CO2 flux; decomposition; horticultural farm; natural forest; organic matter; tea plantation [How to Cite: Jon H, Suwardi, B Sumawinata and DPT Baskoro. 2014. CO2 Flux from Tropical Land Uses on Andisol in West Java, Indonesia. J Trop Soils 19: 121-130. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.121]    

PERANCANGAN APLIKASI EVALUASI PERSONIL INTI PADA KONTRAK PEKERJAAN KONSTRUKSI

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi memicu banyak kalangan untuk mencari alternatif pemecahan masalah di bidang teknologi informasi. Seiring perkembangan teknologi informasi data dapat diolah secara komputerisasi, sehingga dapat membantu memperlancar pekerjaan. Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kota Pontianak selaku instansi teknis di lingkungan  Pemerintah Kota Pontianak yang memiliki tugas dan fungsi berkaitan dengan pekerjaan konstruksi, salah satu programnya adalah proses pengadaan barang dan jasa secara pelelangan elektronik untuk paket pekerjaan konstruksi. Pelelangan dilaksanakan oleh Kelompok Kerja Unit Layanan Pengadaan (pokja ULP). Pada saat proses evaluasi penawaran pokja ULP melakukan evaluasi teknis secara manual dengan memeriksa satu per satu data personil inti yang ditawarkan oleh Penyedia, sehingga dalam proses penentuan pemenang untuk seluruh paket pelelangan diperlukan banyak file yang saling berhubungan dikarenakan data yang saling keterkaitan, hal ini dilakukan secara berulang-ulang untuk setiap paket pelelangan lainnya, sehingga memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama. Untuk membantu pekerjaan tersebut sekaligus untuk mengevaluasi hasil kerja pokja ULP maka dirancanglah suatu aplikasi dalam mengevaluasi personil inti. Pada penelitian ini, aplikasi digunakan untuk mengevaluasi personil inti yang terikat kontrak pekerjaan konstruksi pada Tahun Anggaran 2016. Aplikasi yang dirancang yaitu aplikasi desktop sebagai pengelolaan dan laporan data secara keseluruhan. Hasil evaluasi dengan menggunakan aplikasi ini yaitu dari 295 personil inti yang diteliti terdapat 8 personil inti (2,71%) Penyedia yang merangkap lebih dari satu kontrak dan lebih dari satu Penyedia dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Aplikasi Evaluasi Personil inti yang dirancang dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk mengevaluasi personil pada jenis pengadaan jasa konsultansi, dan juga berfungsi sebagai database kontrak.Kata-kata kunci: perancangan, aplikasi, personil inti, kontrak, pekerjaan konstruks

CO2 Flux From Tropical Land Uses on Andisol in West Java, Indonesia

This study measured CO2 flux by segregating effect of root respiration and organic matter decomposition by microbes. The study involved a mineral soil containing high organic matter (Andisols), in the tropic devoted to different land uses i.e. natural forest, tea plantation, and horticultural farm CO2 emission from those land uses were compared to from peatland. Observed CO2 fluxes came out in the following order: bare plot  7.32, tea plantation  10.22, horticultural farm  15.60, and natural forest  15.62 Mg C-CO2 ha-1 yr-1. While, root respiration accounted for substantial proportions: tea plantation  28%, horticultural farm  53%, and natural forest  53%. Soil temperature demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the CO2 flux, except in the natural forest. On the other hand, water-filled pore spaces displayed varying correlation with site CO2 flux: a negative relationship in both bare plot and tea plantation, appreciably positive in the horticultural farm, and weakly related in the natural forest. Soil respiration and C-organic content appeared to be strongly correlated; the rate of soil respiration increased with higher C-organic content. In field, CO2 flux from organic matter decomposition in Andisols, Latosols, and peatland ranged from 5.35-13.22 Mg C-CO2 ha-1 yr-1, with root respiration contributing most of the flux, which was, in turn, influenced by type vegetation, humidity and soil temperature.Keywords: CO2 flux; decomposition; horticultural farm; natural forest; organic matter; tea plantation [How to Cite: Jon H, Suwardi, B Sumawinata and DPT Baskoro. 2014. CO2 Flux from Tropical Land Uses on Andisol in West Java, Indonesia. J Trop Soils 19: 121-130. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.121]  [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.121] &nbsp

APPLICATION OF GLASS IONOMER CEMENT (GIC) FOR REPAIRING DENTAL PULP BY MEASURING EXPRESSION OF DENTIN MATRIX PROTEIN-1 : APLIKASI SEMEN IONOMER KACA UNTUK PERBAIKAN PULPA GIGI DENGAN MENGUKUR EKSPRESI DENTIN MATRIKS PROTEIN-1

Glass ionomer cement (GIC) has a potential to improve the pulp by inducing Dentin Matrix Protein-1 (DMP-1) release that can mineralize dentin. This study used three types of glass ionomer cements; Conventional GIC i.e. GC Fuji IX; resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) i.e. GC Fuji II LC and Nano particle of RMGIC i.e. Ketac™ N100 3MEspe. The three materials were applied to the tooth pulp of Macaca nemestrina. Expression of DMP-1 extract-dental pulp of the subjects was investigated by using ELISA. This study was statistically analyzed by using Mann-Whitney test. The result showed that GICs has a potential to induce the expression of DMP-1 and there was no significant differences among the three groups of GIC to induce DMP-1(p≥ 0,05). In conclucion, all tested materials have a potential in dental pulp repair by expressing DMP-1

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK LAHAN DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TBS (Studi Kasus pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII Cimulang, Bogor)

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is an important crop for Indonesia as one of non fuel export commodities. Development, improvement of quality and productivity of oil palm is influenced by a lot of factors, among others are land characteristics. This research was aimed to know the relationship between oil palm productivity and physical land characteristic including soil, slope and the crop age. The results of this research were expected to be useful to improve oil palm productivity and the oil palm plantation development.This research was done within the site of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII at Cimulang, Bogor. In this research, analyzing correlation between productivity of blocks that have homogenous land characteristic with physical land characteristic parameter including soil and slope. Block with homogenous land characteristic was block which 75% or more of it’s area had similar characteristics. These blocks were determined by overlying block map, slope map and soil map. The result show that were 20 homogenous blocks out of all the 38 blocks of the site the PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII at Cimulang. Average production was depend on crop age. At study areas, the highest average fresh fruit bunch production obtained from plants 5 years, which was equal to 22.87 tons acre-1 year-1 and the lowest average fresh fruit bunch production obtained from plants 3 years, which was equal to 0.66 tons acre-1 year-1.  Based on soil, the highest average fresh fruit bunch production obtained from the SPT 11 (Typic Eutrudox), which was equal to 12.54 tons/acre/year and the lowest average fresh fruit bunch production obtained from SPT 1 (Oxic Dystropept), which was equal to 9.51 tons/acre/year. Based on slope class, the highest average fresh fruit bunch production obtained from block with slope class B (8-15%), which was equal to 12.54 tons/acre/year, and the lowest average production was equal to 9.98 tons/acre/year from the slope class.

Characterization of Humic Substance Extracted from Andisols, Spodosols, Peat, and Lignite

Soil and other materials with high C-organic content are potential natural sources of humic substances. Until now the differences in the characteristics of such humic substances that are extracted from different sources have not been widely studied. Thus, this study was aimed to characterize humic substances extracted from andisols, spodosols, peat, and lignite. The highest C-organic (48.8%) and N (7.6%) were obtained from peat and spodosols, respectively. The andisols humic substance produced the highest total acidity (6.52 cmol kg-1). Humic substance extracted from spodosols was a mostly aliphatic group and phenolate –OH, while that of andisols and lignite contained more aromatic group and phenolate –OH, whereas the humic substance from peat was a predominantly aliphatic group and –COOH. The surface morphology of the humic substances observed using SEM showed varying densities and shapes due to differences in their respective degree of decomposition and the formation process involved. There has been significant interest in investigating the different characteristics of the humic substance. The type humic substances are important to be known considering of their positive effects on soil fertility and plant growth and development